Interview Questions.

Q1. What is TYPO3 CMS?

Ans: TYPO3 is a loose and open supply web content control device written in PHP. It is launched under the GNU General Public License. It can run on numerous web servers, including Apache or IIS, on pinnacle of many working systems, among them Linux, Microsoft Windows, FreeBSD, Mac OS X and OS/2

Q2. What are the web page-associated features inside the context menu of a page?

Ans: The web page-related functions in the context menu of a page are:

1. Show: Opens the page you clicked within the browser (frontend)

2. Disable: Disables the page (so it isn't always reachable from the frontend anymore)

3. Edit: Lets you edit the page homes

four. Info: Displays data about the page

5. History/Undo: Shows the change history of the page (who did which changes while)

6. Page Actions: Action associated with the selected web page

New: Lets you create a new page or new content material

Cut: Cuts the page

Copy: Copies the page

Delete: Deletes the web page

7. Branch Actions: Actions associated with the whole branch

Mount as treeroot: Temporarily makes the selected page being the treeroot

Expand Branch: Same as clicking on a "closed" the arrow

Collapse Branch: Same as clicking on an "open" arrow

Export to .T3d: Opens the export tool and preselects the chosen page

Import from .T3d: Opens the import tool and preselects the selected web page

Q3. What is pid?

Ans: pid refers to the page the content material element is on and it's far one of the tt_content table subject.

Q4. What is DB Mounts?

Ans: DB mounts (database mounts) are used to limit a person's get right of entry to to just a few components of the web page tree. Each mount corresponds to a page in the tree. The person can have get admission to handiest to the ones pages and their sub- pages.

Q5. What is Database (DB) Check module?

Ans: Database (DB) Check module gives following four capabilities:

1. Record Statistics: Simple suggests a be counted of the diverse data within the database, broken down by means of type for pages and content factors.

2. Relations: Checks if a few members of the family are empty or broken, mainly close to files.

3. Search: A device to seach through the whole database. It gives an advanced mode which is sort of a visible question builder.

4. Check and replace international reference index: TYPO3 CMS keeps a file of family members between all information. This might also get out of sync while some operations are executed with out the stern context of the backend. It is therefore useful to update this index often.

Q6.What equipment are used to process snap shots in TYPO3 CMS?

Ans: ImageMagick or GraphicsMagic

Q7. Explain pick out characteristic?

Ans: The pick out function generates a SQL SELECT question, that is used to read statistics from the database. Pick automatically exams whether or not the statistics might be "hidden", "deleted", or if they have a "begin and cease date". If pidInList is used (which means a listing of pages is rendered), the function additionally exams if the modern-day person is permitted to look all statistics.

With the assist of the pick out characteristic, it's far viable to show the content material of a web page on all pages.

Q8. Explain Filelist module?

Ans: The FILE > Filelist module is in which you may manipulate all the media associated with the TYPO3 CMS internet website.

It presentations a navigation tree, which corresponds to the file shape on the server, and a list of all files for the chosen directory.

Q9. What are default directories in TYPO3 set up?

Ans: Following is the list of default directories in TYPO3 set up:

fileadmin/

This is a listing in which users can store documents. Typically photographs, PDFs or HTML files appear on this directory and/or its sub directories. Often this listing is used for downloadable files. This listing is the only one handy the use of the TYPO3 File module.

Typo3/

TYPO3 Backend listing. This directory includes maximum of the files coming with the TYPO3 Core. The documents are organized logically within the unique device extensions in the sysext/ directory, according to the software area of the specific report. For instance, the "frontend" extension among other things contains the "TypoScript library", the code for generating the Frontend website. In each machine extension the PHP files are positioned in the folder Classes/. Additionally, typo3/ can incorporate a few international extensions within the ext/ listing (which is not used by the TYPO3 core itself).

Typo3conf/

TYPO3 configuration directory

typo3conf/ext/

Directory for TYPO3 extensions. Each subdirectory incorporates one extension.

Typo3temp/

Directory for brief files. It includes subdirectories for transient documents of extensions and TYPO3 components.

Uploads/

Default add directory. Extensions can use the uploadfolder setting in ext_emconf.Personal home page to specify a subdirectory of uploads/ for this extension.

Q10. What is using Log module?

Ans: Log module maintains log of a number of moves executed by way of customers. For instance: login, cache clearing, database entries (introduction, replace, deletion), settings adjustments, record movements and errors.

Q11. Explain imgResource feature

Ans: The imgResource characteristic relates to changes of pictures. With this characteristic we are able to resize the image, we can set minimal or most dimensions o the photograph and we are able to have direct access to ImageMagick/GraphicsMagick features.

Q12. Explain TypoScript syntax.

Ans: TypoScript is parsed in a totally easy way; line by way of line. This approach that every line generally includes 3 components primarily based on this formulation:

[Object Path] [Operator] [Value]

item direction: The item direction (in this case myObject.MyProperty) is just like the variable call in a programming language. The item route is the primary block of non-whitespace characters on a line till one of the characters =<>( or a white area is found. The dot (.) is used to split objects and houses from every different creating a hierarchy. Here we've the object myObject with the belongings myProperty. Use most effective A-Z, a-z, 0-nine, "-", "_" and intervals (.) for object paths!

Dots in the item path may be escaped the use of a backslash.

Operator: The operator (in the example it's far =) can be one of the characters =<>(. The diverse operators are described under.

Value: The fee (in case of the above example "fee 2") is anything characters observe the operator until the give up of the line, however trimmed for whitespace at each ends. Notice that values aren't encapsulated in rates! The cost begins after the operator and ends with the line wreck.

Comments: When a line starts with / or # it's miles taken into consideration to be a comment and might be left out.

Comment blocks: When a line starts offevolved with /* or */ it defines the beginning or the end of a comment phase respectively.

Q13. What opportunities are supplied by way of TYPO3 CMS templates

Ans: Here is a short listing of the opportunities supplied with the aid of TYPO3 CMS templates:

1. You can enforce any layout you like, the manner you like.

2. You can have any range of menu ranges.

Three. You could have more than one web sites, a couple of templates.

Four. You will have pages in any number of languages.

Five. You can have a couple of content material regions (columns) on a web page.

6. You can combine all forms of outside statistics sources through plugins written in PHP.

7. You can add any quantity of internet programs to run on various pages in TYPO3.

Eight. You can expand quite a lot some thing with PHP.

Q14. What is Page tree?

Ans: The web page tree represents the hierarchical structure of your pages. In most instances this corresponds precisely to the navigation structure of your internet site. The page tree can be elevated with the aid of clicking the little arrows on the left of the gadgets.

 Q15.What is File Mount?

Ans: "File Mounts" comes underneath the "Mounts and Workspaces" tab in which you may mount sure directory to the person's Filelist module.

Q16. What are the benefits of TYPO3 CMS?

Ans: Advantages of TYPO3 CMS:

1. Modularity: Probably the principle aim for which Typo3 become created, become its modularity and variety. That is why it's high-quality as a script for a enterprise page in addition to a base for a large news website online.

2. Extensions: The device offers numerous hundreds extensions that may be quickly and easily set up. You can make bigger functionalities through extra photo galleries, discussion boards, net shop, and many others.

Three. Elastic administrators gadget: Many structures allow for simplest one administrator. Typo3 lets in for giving users all forms of permissions, so that a person can be a simple consumer who can browse through the web page content material or an administrator who can control it. What is greater the customers can be assigned to corporations like editor organizations.

4. Content sorts: There are many varieties of content you could outline in Typo3. This offers you quite a few control over the web page layout whilst you add photos, paperwork, tables, multimedia or just simple text.

Five. Support: Typo3 homepage has properly prolonged documentation in addition to a discussion board. You will locate plenty of records and help regarding use and amendment of the script.

6. Undoing modifications: The system consists of prolonged undoing changes module. In case of a large portal with numerous directors, this option is highly acceptable. You might be capable of repair previous version of your page nearly without any obstacles.

7. Changing a page structure: One of the most critical benefits is ability to set a page shape without pre-fixed order of blocks, sections or articles.

Eight. Internal TypoScript language: The script has an inner language called TypoScript that allows for advent of many elements like static HTML with dynamic content in it.

Q17. What are the general requirements for PHP files?

Ans: General requirements for PHP files:

PHP tags: Each PHP report in TYPO3 have to use the whole (rather than quick) starting PHP tag. <?Php

Line breaks: TYPO3 uses Unix line endings ( , PHP chr(10)). If a developer uses Windows or Mac OS X platform, the editor must be configured to use Unix line endings.

Line length: Very long lines of code should be avoided for questions of readability. A line length of about 130 characters (including spaces) is fine. Longer lines should be split into several lines whenever possible. Each line fragment starting from the second must - compared to the first one - be indented with four space characters more.

Whitespace and indentation: TYPO3 uses space characters to indent source code. Following PSR-2, one indentation level consists of four spaces.

There must be no white spaces in the end of a line. This can be done manually or using a text editor that takes care of this.

Character set: All TYPO3 source files use the UTF-8 character set without byte order mark (BOM)

Comments in the code are highly welcome and recommended. Inline comments must precede the commented line and be indented with the same number of spaces as the commented line.

Usage of opening and closing curly braces is mandatory in all cases where they can be used according to PHP syntax

Conditions: Conditions consist of if, elseif and else keywords.

Loops: The following loops can be used:

do

while

for

foreach

Q18. Explain Info and Functions modules.

Ans: The WEB > Info module shows a ramification of information associated with the pages in your web web page. It includes several features which may be accessed by means of the dropdown menu within the docheader. We can create numerous pages in one go.

Q19. Give the report structure used by TYPO3 documents.

Ans: TYPO3 files use the following shape:

1. Opening PHP tag

2. Namespace

3. Copyright be aware

four. Included documents

5. Class records block in phpDoc format

6. PHP class

7. Optional module execution code (as an instance, in eID classes)

Q20. How to manipulate users in Typo3?

Ans: We can create backend customers from the User Admin module by way of clicking the "Create new user" button inside the module's header. A pretty huge web page with many options will open, wherein you may pick for instance which modules the person can get right of entry to and lots of greater.

From "File Mounts" under the "Mounts and Workspaces" tab we are able to mount sure directory to the consumer's Filelist module.

The "DB mounts" points which web page from the entire page tree turns into the basis page for the person. A specific a part of the web page tree we are able to deliver to specific person .

For every page there is an proprietor consumer, an proprietor organization and then permission settings in 5 distinctive classes: examine web page, edit web page, delete page, new sub-web page and web page content material. We can set and examine permissions inside the "Access" module.

Q21. What is that if function?

Ans: TypoScript "if" feature does no longer paintings like the "if" assemble acknowledged from maximum programming language.

Generally the if characteristic returns genuine, if all situations are fulfilled. This resembles a boolean AND combination. If what we would really like again is a false price, we will use the :code`negate` option to negate the result.

With the use of if it's also possible to evaluate values. For this purpose we use fee property.

Q22. What is the usage of Report module?

Ans: In Report module we are able to have review of our web page's parameters as well as the issues detected with set up. It is advisable to check reports often as it will come up with the information about safety troubles, configuration trouble etc.

Q23. What is ChangeLog document?

Ans: The TYPO3 center comes with a ChangeLog report in which all changes are recorded.

Q24. What are the most interesting new functionalities in TYPO3 CMS 6.2 LTS?

Ans: The new Install Tool simplifies set up and offers a view of all of the specific opportunities, at once upon set-up of the solution.

Responsive pics are available: now not simplest can web sites be responsive, however their snap shots may be, as nicely. To set this up, the consumer selects an photo length from his/her constant notebook, for every desired terminal type (cellular devices mainly). The appearance of these pics? Diversifications to other screen sizes may be previewed in the returned office.

Another new feature of TYPO3 CMS 6.2 is its File Abstraction Layer (FAL), which makes it viable to keep, in a single location, a file (particularly an photo) this is shared among unique content elements. This optimized storage prevents duplication and yields gains in garage area. Additionally, when a document is replaced in one spot, it's miles simultaneously changed across all the content material stored inside the CMS.

We might additionally like to point out the brand new distribution gadget, way to which customers can create their personal TYPO3 CMS distribution, i.E. They are able to bundle a website or a site model and roll it out quickly and easily.

Also worthy of observe is the improved security provided by using the default activation of the ?Salted password? Extension and its inclusion in Install Tool. Protection in opposition to CSRF assaults has also been implemented for the duration of the backend of TYPO3 CMS.

Q25. Explain typolink function.

Ans: Typolink characteristic Wraps the incoming fee with a link. Typolink is the TYPO3 CMS characteristic that allows us to generate all styles of hyperlinks. If viable one have to always use this function to generate links as they will be processed through TYPO3 CMS. This is a prerequisite, as an instance, for the "realurl" extension to generate speakme URLs or for the anti-unsolicited mail protection of email addresses.

Q26. What is tt_content?

Ans: tt_content is the database desk in which all content material factors are stored.

Q27. How does migration work from the sooner versions?

Ans: Migrating from variations 6.0 and 6.1 is a seamless method. Migrations from TYPO3 four.5 LTS are performed thru Migration Tool.

Q28. What is prerequisite for installation of TYPO3 CMS?

Ans: For trying out TYPO3 CMS you want to have a totally configured and geared up to use web server which meets the minimal gadget necessities.

If you do no longer have an internet server and you're jogging a MS Windows on nearby your machine, you would possibly need to attempt the TYPO3Winstaller, in an effort to install an internet server and TYPO3 CMS to your computer.

Make sure to have your database credentials equipped.

Q29. Explain stdWrap(wellknown wrap) function.

Ans: The stdWrap feature is one of the maximum powerful and maximum broadly used of all TypoScript. Most properties without a doubt assist stdWrap. This function is frequently introduced as a property to values in TypoScript.

Heed the order: The unmarried most vital element to recognise approximately stdWrap is that each one properties are parsed/accomplished precisely inside the order wherein they appear inside the TypoScript Reference, regardless of in which order you have set them on your TypoScript template.

Modify the order: There is a manner round this ordering restriction. StdWrap has a assets called orderedStdWrap wherein numerous stdWrap homes can be referred to as in numerical order.

The records kind: While writing TypoScript, it's far important to know what kind of information type you're dealing with.

CObject: The stdWrap property "cObject" can be used to update the content material with a TypoScript item. This can be a COA, a plugin or a text like in this example:

10.Typolink.Identify.CObject = TEXT

10.Typolink.Identify.CObject.Fee = Copyright

10.Typolink.Name.CObject.Case = upper

Q30. What is List module?

Ans: The List view commonly shows the listing of facts present on the contemporary page, grouped by means of type. The name which seems for each document relies upon on which area is used as label. For "pages", the field is "Pagetitle".

Q31. What is TypoScript?

Ans: TypoScript is a configuration language. TypoScript is the glue that joins content and layout together. TypoScript reads content that's saved inside the database, prepares it for show after which renders it inside the frontend.

Q32. Explain Backend and Frontend of TYPO3 CMS?

Ans: TYPO3 CMS is split into  regions - the backend and the frontend. The frontend is the website that is produced by using TYPO3 CMS. It is seen by means of all people accessible at the internet. The administrative place of the internet web page is known as the backend. A person name and a password are continually required to log into the backend.

To display the frontend, enter the URL of your internet website online within the cope with bar of your browser (e.G. Http://www.Your-website.Example.Org/).

The backend is accessed via including /typo3/ for your web site's URL (e.G http://www.Your-website online.Instance.Org/typo3/)

Q33. What is CType?

Ans: CType is a database discipline that each content material element has in which the sort of the content element is saved.

Q34. What is uid?

Ans: uid is the particular identification for every record in TYPO3 CMS table.

Q35. Explain parseFunc?

Ans: parseFunc function parses the primary a part of the content material, i.E., the content material which has been entered inside the Rich Text Editor. The feature is chargeable for the fact that the content isn't always rendered precisely because it changed into entered inside the RTE.

Q36. What actions icons are present in List module?

Ans: The List view gives quite a few motion icons:

1. Create a new file (a wizard seems to let pick out ?which sort)

2. View the modern page (inside the frontend)

three. Edit the present day page

four. Search inside the current web page

5. Clear the cache of the modern-day page

6. Refresh the List view

7. Bookmark this view

eight. Get entry to contextual help

nine. Create a brand new page file (mainly)

10. Action icons for the record. What icons seem right here relies upon at the report type. If the record is viewable in the frontend (as "pages" are), a "View" icon is displayed. All records could have the next 3 icons, respectively "Edit", "Hide/unhide" (i.E. Seen inside the frontend or not) and "Delete".

Eleven. The ellipsis icon (three consecutive dots) expands the icon listing to show additional movement icons (typically for having access to facts, shifting round, etc.)

Last come the reduce and paste icons.

 Q37. What is mass editing?

Ans: The List module additionally makes it possible to display greater information approximately every report and to edit numerous information at a time.

Q38.What are the two contexts where TypoScript is used?

Ans: Following are two contexts in which TypoScript is used:

templates, wherein TypoScript is used to surely define what's going to appear in the TYPO3 CMS frontend.

TSconfig, in which it is used to configure settings of the TYPO3 backend. TSconfig is further subdivided into User TSconfig (described for backend customers or user companies) and Page TSconfig (described for pages inside the web page tree).

Q39. What is Extension Manager?

Ans: Extensions are upload on features. TYPO3 CMS is product of extensions. With public extensions we will improve a characteristic or upload a new feature.

The Extension Manager is used to control available extensions or get new ones from the TYPO3 Extension Repository. To view mounted extensions Click ADMIN TOOLS > Extensions.

Q40. List hazards of TYPO3 CMS?

Ans: Disadvantages of TYPO3 CMS:

1. Installation and amendment: Typo3 isn't easy to install and installation. It takes time to learn how to use it, it simply takes greater time than you will want for WordPress or Joomla. That's why it's now not advocated for beginners, but for greater advanced programmers.

2. Server resources and efficiency: Modularity and expendability frequently way bigger needs on server parameters. This absolutely is the case. Still, if the website is not too big and there will not be lots of site visitors, there have to be no troubles, at the least no longer inside the beginning.

3. From easy to tough: While for editors content management in Typo3 is straightforward, and administrators are required to have extremely greater of the script's knowledge, it is a difficult nut to crack for programmers.

Q41. Give examples of TypoScript functions?

Ans: Examples of TypoScript features:

standard wrap", normally referred to as "stdWrap"

imgResource, choose, split, if, typolink, parseFunc

Q42. What makes new edition of TYPO3 CMS 6.2 an vital one?

Ans: TYPO3 CMS 6.2 is a long term aid (LTS) model, with no less than 3 years? Cowl, i.E. Via to at least March 2017.

Q43. Expalin split feature?

Ans: The break up feature may be used to cut up given facts at a predefined man or woman and system the unmarried portions afterwards. At every iteration, the modern index key SPLIT-COUNT is saved (beginning with 0).

By the use of split, we should, for example, study a desk field and wrap each single line with a certain code