Interview Questions.

Q1. Explain The Cq5 Technology Stack?

JCR – Java specification for accessing a content repository, CQ5 makes use of its own implementation of JCR known as CRX. Apache Jackrabbit is an open-source implementation of JCR 2.0 specification.

Apache Sling – RESTful framework to get entry to a JCR over http protocol. It maps the request url to the node in JCR.

OSGi – framework for modular application improvement the use of java. Each module known as bundle may be independently started and stopped.

Q2. What Is A Content Repository?

A content material repository is a garage unit with an related seek and get right of entry to techniques allowing application-independent access to the content, the capacity to store and regulate content similarly to looking and retrieving. A content repository accordingly usually bureaucracy the technical underpinning of a content material utility, like a Content Management System or a Document Management System. It capabilities as the logical garage facility for content.

Q3. What Is Cq5? Give Some Points About Cq5?

Adobe Communique five, or CQ5, is a java primarily based massive-scale web content material control gadget. It combines internet content material control, digital asset management, and social collaboration to deliver a solution that permits to control superb amounts of information, a couple of internal and external websites, a myriad of media property, and special workflow.

CQ5 is ready of content control services constructed on a content material-centric Web software framework on top of a Java Content Repository.

The product has been absolutely redesigned from Communiqué 4, allowing Adobe to apply new structure and technologies.

The Graphical User Interface has been completely re-engineered the use of AJAX and the modern browser technologies. This results in an remarkable person experience.

Q4. How Clustering Is Done In Cq5?

CQ5 CRX is pre-loaded to run inside a cluster,even when strolling a unmarried example. Hence the configuration of multi-node clusters with little effort occurs in CQ5.

Q5. What Is A Component In Cq5?

Components:

• are modular devices which comprehend unique capability to provide your content on your internet site.

• are re-usable.

• are evolved as self-contained devices within one folder of the repository.

• have no hidden configuration files.

• can comprise other components.

• run anywhere within any CQ device.

• have a standardized consumer interface.

• use widgets.

Q6. What Is Dependency/dependencies In Client Library?

It is a list of other customer library categories on which this library folder depends. For instance, given two cq:ClientLibraryFolder nodes F and G, if a file in F calls for another record in G in an effort to feature properly, then at the least one of the categories of G need to be the various dependencies of F.

Q7. Sling Scripts Cannot Be Called Directly In Cq5- Why?

Scripts can not be referred to as immediately inside Sling considering that it's going to damage the strict idea of a REST server; you will mix resources and representations.

If you call the illustration (the script) immediately you disguise the aid inner your script, so the framework (Sling) not is aware of about it.

Q8. Difference Between Osgi Bundle And Normal Jar File?

OSGi bundles are jar files with metadata inner. Much of this metadata is in the jar’s appear, located at META-INF/MANIFEST.MF. This metadata, while examine with the aid of an OSGi runtime field, is what gives the package its power.

With OSGi, simply because a category is public doesn’t mean you may get to it. All bundles consist of an export listing of bundle names, and if a bundle isn’t in the export listing, it doesn’t exist to the out of doors global. This allows developers to construct an extensive inner elegance hierarchy and minimize the surface place of the package’s API with out abusing the notion of bundle-private visibility. A commonplace pattern, as an example, is to put interfaces in a single bundle and implementations in every other, and simplest export the interface package.

All OSGi bundles are given a model variety, so it’s feasible for an software to concurrently get admission to distinct versions of the identical package (eg: junit three.Eight.1 and junit four.0.). Since each package has it’s personal classloader, each bundles classes can coexist within the equal JVM.

OSGi bundles claim which different bundles they depend on. This lets in them to ensure that any dependencies are met earlier than the bundle is resolved. Only resolved bundles may be activated. Because bundles have variations, versioning can be covered in the dependency specification, so one package deal can depend upon model junit version 3.Eight.1 and another package depend upon junit model 4.@

In OSGi package, there could be an Activator.Java elegance in OSGi that is an optionally available listener magnificence to be notified of bundle start and prevent events.

Q9. How Good Is Cq5 When Compared To Other Cms?

CQ5 is perfect for massive content-pushed web sites.

Flexibility:

Even non-technical users can replace the content.

Duplicating the web page can be very smooth to create a cellular pleasant version.

Excellent at handling a couple of contact-factors.

It may be very easy to install and scale up or down.

Time control:

Very much less quantity of time to increase.

Relies on real open standards which aren't de facto requirements.

Best integration with 1/3 party structures.

Content reusability.

Adobe CQ5 affords automation, a completely intuitive interface and tremendous overall performance

Q10. What Is The Contribution Of Servlet Engine In Cq5?

The Servlet Engine acts because the server within which each CQ (and CRX if used) instance runs as an internet utility.

Any Servlet Engine assisting the Servlet API 2.4 (or higher) can be used.

Although you could run CQ WCM with out an utility server, a Servlet Engine is needed.

Q11. Explain Osgi[open Systems Gateway Initiative] In Cq5?

Dynamic module system for Java.

Universal Middleware Category.

Helps packages to be constituted of small, reusable and collaborative additives.

OSGi bundles can incorporate compiled Java code, scripts, or any contents to be loaded inside the repository.

Helps the bundles to be loaded, set up.

Q12. Slinghttpservletresponse, Explain?

“org.Apache.Sling.Api.SlingHttpServletResponse” interface extends the ”javax.Servet.Http.HttpServletResponse” interface and is presently empty.

It merely exists for symmetry with the SlingHttpServletRequest.

Q13. How Is Authentication Achieved In Cq5?

Authentication is the procedure of identifying, and verifying, a consumer. The system of authentication and login may be broken down as follows:

Authentication facts is extracted from the request. In CQ this is performed by way of an authentication handler.

The authentication information is then checked to decide whether it is enough and/or correct. In CQ that is carried out through the login modules.

The appropriate response is initiated.

For CQ, preliminary authentication uses a general HTML-login shape along with the Authorization Header Authentication Handler. The HTML-shape should have fields for the consumer name and password (the same field names need to then be utilized by the Authorization Header Authentication Handler).

You also can use a comparable shape for managed get entry to to numerous regions of your internet site. For example, CQ can interact with a LDAP server that stores consumer data centrally, getting rid of the want for duplication. This relevant server is then used to verify login records which allows you to realise Single Sign On, each with other in-residence applications and external Portals.

Q14. Sling Tag Library, Explain?

In order to make use of useful Sling functions, Sling Tag library must be declared. When you use the Sling Tag Library in your script, the script ought to begin with the subsequent code:

<%@ taglib prefix="sling" uri="http://sling.Apache.Org/taglibs/sling/1.0" %>

Q15. Specify Some Points On Cq Wcm?

The CQ WCM is the first display screen you'll see after logging in.

The left panel of the WCM represents the site hierarchy. Here, you'll discover a tree shape of the pages and different content material that can be extended or collapsed.

This shape is generated as you nest content material pages. This is also how URLs are generated.

Once you click on a web page from the web site hierarchy that carries child pages(i.E., pages nested beneath), the child pages will appear at the WCM right panel.

You can tell that a web page has toddler pages by way of the presence of a plus (+) or minus (-) sign beside its icon. In the proper panel, you may choose one or more than one pages on that you would love to perform moves, consisting of shifting, deleting, copying, activating or deactivating.

A double-click on at the page call expands the tree and opens the web page on the same time

Q16. Can You Explain Life Cycle Of Osgi Bundle?

Following are the lifestyles cycle states of OSGI:

Installed: The package deal has been effectively hooked up.

Resolved: All Java lessons that the package deal wishes are available. This country suggests that the package is both prepared to be commenced or has stopped.

Starting: The bundle is being started out, the BundleActivator.Start technique can be known as, and this technique has now not but returned. When the bundle has an activation coverage, the package will remain within the STARTING country till the bundle is activated in step with its activation coverage.

Active: The package has been effectively activated and is running; its Bundle Activator begin technique has been called and back.

Stopping: The package is being stopped. The BundleActivator.Stop approach has been referred to as however the prevent technique has now not but returned.

Uninstalled: The bundle has been uninstalled. It cannot pass into another kingdom.

Q17. Explain Multi Site Manager?

Multi Site Manager (MSM) permits you to without difficulty manage multiple net sites that percentage not unusual content material. MSM lets you define members of the family between the sites in order that content material modifications in one web site are robotically replicated in other sites.

For example, internet sites are regularly supplied in multiple languages for international audiences. When the number of web sites within the equal language is low (3 to 5), a manual method for synchronizing content material across sites is viable. However, as quickly as the wide variety of websites grows or when more than one languages are worried, it becomes greater efficient to automate the process.

Q18. Explain The Role Of Dispatcher In Cq5?

In CQ5 Dispatcher allows to cache and cargo-balance. The foremost responsibilities are,

Caching – Cache as a whole lot content as viable[ It helps to reduce the continuous functioning of layout engine frequently for generating content when in dynamic.]

Load-balancing – To growth the performance via load-balancing.

Q19. Role Of Dispatcher In Cq5?

Dispatcher is CQ5 caching and/or load balancing device. Dispatcher additionally helps to shield your AEM server from assault. It cache responses from post instance, to boom the responsiveness and safety of your externally dealing with published internet site

Q20. How Bundles Are Loaded And Installed In Cq5?

This is managed by the Sling Management Console of CQ5.

Q21. What Is Process Step In Workflow?

It is a workflow component which can be observed at:

“/libs/cq/workflow/components/version/method”, this is used for calling a java class in workflow.

Q22. What Is Difference Between Parbase And Parsys?

Parbase: The parbase allows additives to inherit attributes from different components, much like subclasses in item orientated languages including Java, C++, and so forth. For instance, while you open the /libs/basis/components/text node within the CRX Explorer, you notice that it has a assets named sling:resourceSuperType, which references the parbase element. The parbase right here defines tree scripts to render pix, titles, and so forth, so that every one components sub classed from this parbase can use this script.

Parasys (Paragraph System): The paragraph machine (parsys) is a compound aspect that lets in authors to add components of different types to a page and consists of all different paragraph additives. Each paragraph kind is represented as a element. The paragraph machine itself is likewise a element, which includes the opposite paragraph additives.

Q23. How You Can Inherit Properties Of One Dialog To Another Dialog?

For inheriting residences we have to create  additives with precise names inside the base factor dialog. For eg. If your plan is to have  wealthy text  wealthy text areas within the dialog of additives that inherit from the base, then you definately need to encompass  wealthy text regions with unique names within the base component conversation. In any case every input area of a dialog must have a unique name, else they'll point to the identical property course relative to the jcr:content material node of the issue when used on a web page.

Q24. Explain The Methods Of Caching Adopted By Dispatcher?

Dispatcher invalidates those pages whose content material has been up to date and replaces it with new content.

Auto-Inavidation robotically eliminates the contents which are not relevant.

Q25. Cq Workflow Engine, Explain?

CQ encompasses numerous programs which are designed to have interaction and supplement every other. In specific, the Workflow Engine can be used in tight conjunction with numerous of the other applications. 

Workflows are at the middle of the way shape submissions in CQ WCM are usually processed. When developing a brand new shape, the shape submission may be easily related to a workflow version, as an instance to shop the content material in a particular region of the repository or to inform a consumer about the shape submission and its content material.

Q26. What Is Replication? And What Are The Steps Involved In Replication?

Steps involved in replication:

The creator requests that positive content be posted (activated); this will be initiated via a guide request, or by way of computerized triggers which have been preconfigured.

The request is handed to the suitable default replication agent; an surroundings may have several default retailers with a view to usually be selected for such movements.

The replication agent “applications” the content and locations it inside the replication queue.

The content is lifted from the queue and trported to the put up environment the usage of the configured protocol; normally that is HTTP.

A servlet in the publish surroundings gets the request and publishes the obtained content; the default servlet is http://localhost:4503/bin/get hold of.

Q27. What Is Difference Between Live Copy And Language Copy?

Live Copy – Copy produced from current site or blue print is called Live Copy. Rollout configurations for this Live Copy may be configured from tools console.

Language Copy – Site which is created the usage of language tool is referred to as Language replica. Basically to create a website for distinct language.

Q28. What Is Authoring?

An creator in CQ generates the cloth with a purpose to, sooner or later, be posted in your website. Depending on how your instance and your personal get right of entry to rights are configured you may carry out many obligations, together with amongst others

generate new content material, 

Edit current content material,

create new pages the use of predefined templates,

circulate, replica or delete pages,

Activate (or deactivate) pages,

Participate in workflows that control how modifications are managed.

When authoring a cell page, the page is displayed in a manner that emulates the cell device, known as an emulator. When authoring the web page, you could transfer among numerous emulators to get a actual view of what the stop-consumer will see while having access to the web page.

Q29. Give A Note About Apache Sling?

Apache Sling is an internet application framework for content material-centric packages, the use of a Java Content Repository, which include Apache Jackrabbit or CRX, to store and manipulate content material.

Sling:

 is primarily based on REST standards to provide easy improvement of content-orientated programs.

 Is embedded within CQ@

 is used to process HTTP rendering and records-storage requests which gather, render and send the content material to a client (i.E. The brand new  transport).

 Maps Content items to Components (which render them and procedure incoming statistics).

 Comes with each server-facet and AJAX scripting assist.

 May be used with a number of scripting languages, which includes JSP, ESP and Ruby.

 Started as an inner venture of Day Management AG.

 Has been contributed to the Apache Software Foundation.

Q30. Difference Between Package And Bundle?

Package: A Package is a zipper document that carries the content inside the form of a file-device serialization (known as “vault” serialization) that shows th content from the repository as an clean-to-use-and-edit representation of documents and folders. Packages can include content material and challenge-associated records.

Bundle: Bundle is a tightly coupled, dynamically loadable collection of classes, jars, and configuration documents that explicitly claim their external dependencies (if any).

Q31. Difference Between Cq5.4 And Cq5.5?

Versions of CQ before five.5 have been based on a servlet field (CQSE, through default, although others could be used) running with more than one webapps: One for the CRX content repository and one for the OSGi box which itself contained Sling and AEM. The Sling webapp became bound to the root and treated most of the request processing.

With CQ 5.5 and AEM, the OSGi field is placed at the root and the OSGi HTTP service, sponsored by way of Sling appearing as the only request coping with quit factor. The CRX content material repository is now just another OSGi provider, along the numerous offerings that comprise the relaxation of the AEM unctionality. These adjustments do now not have an effect on packages constructed on pinnacle of AEM or Sling.

The new architecture me that the quickstart jar set up of AEM can not support different web applications jogging alongside AEM. However, the conflict model of AEM is designed to be deployed in an software server, wherein extra internet programs can be deployed alongside it.

Added three new connectors to key adobe merchandise – Creative Suite, Scene7, Search&Promote Authors can directly work on cell apps. Partnered with hybris software program to feature some best eCommerce competencies. Added Undo(Ctrl+z) and Redo(Ctrl+y) functionalities.

Q32. What Is Difference Between Parsys And Iparsys?

Parsys – It is known as “Paragraph System” issue wherein you can add other components at page stage.

Iparsys – It is inherited paragraph device, which inherits figure page “paragraph system”.

Q33. What Is The Purpose Of Clientlibs?

It is used for including web site unique js and css files to the page and additionally thridparty js and css documents.

Q34. What Is Meant By Jcr (java Content Repository)?

A Java Content Repository makes use of the JSR-170 API to access the content material repository the usage of Java, impartial of the bodily implementation. JCR is the Java Content Repository wellknown, additionally known as JSR-170 after its Java Specification Request. Later revised version 2 as (JCR-283). A repository correctly includes  parts:

 A Web application that gives the JSR-a hundred and seventy compliant API and temporary records storage (in the shape of the session).

 A Persistence Manager with persistent data storage, along with the document device or a database.

Q35. Difference Between Design Dialog And Edit Dialog>?

Both conversation and layout dialog defines the UI interface for permitting the consumer to configure the factor.

Design Dialog of a element can be seen/edited in layout mode of the web page. Design conversation is at template degree so all of the web page of the template will proportion equal design conversation and it's far saved below /and many others/designs folder.

Where as Dialog of a thing is at web page level so each factor example can have its very own dialog and statistics entered in dialog will be stored under /content folder.

Q36. What Is Rest? What Is A Restful Framework?

REST stands for Representational State Trfer. REST-fashion architectures consist of customers and servers. Clients initiate requests to servers; servers method requests and go back suitable responses. Requests and responses are built around the trfer of representations of sources. A aid can be basically any coherent and meaningful idea that can be addressed. A representation of a aid is generally a document that captures the current or meant kingdom of a useful resource.Apache Sling is RESTful framework to get admission to a java content material repository over http protocol.

Q37. Clustering In Cq5?

In computing, a cluster is a collection of computer systems related collectively to work, in a few respects, as a single laptop. Every Cq5 CRX instance comes pre-configured to run inside a cluster,even if going for walks a novel example. This layout function allows the configuration of multi-node clusters with little effort.

Q38. What Is A Template?

A template is the basis of a web page. A template is used to create a web page and defines which additives may be used within the decided on scope. A template is a hierarchy of nodes that has the same shape as the page to be created, however with none actual content.

Each template are constructed up of additives to be had for use.

To create a web page, the content of the template ought to be copied (/apps /[application] /templates /[template-name]) to appropriate function inside the website tree. This is one of the fundamental and interesting features of CQ5.

Q39. Cq Widgets, Explain?

 Are the noticeably polished user interface factors that paintings throughout all the maximum vital browsers and allow the introduction of desktop-grade UI reviews. 

These widgets are protected within CQ and, similarly to being used by CQ itself, may be used by any internet site constructed the use of CQ.

Q40. Slinghttpservletrequest, Explain?

“org.Apache.Sling.Api.SlingHttpServletRequest” interface defines the primary facts available from the patron request to each movement processing and reaction rendering. The SlingHttpServletRequest extends the javax.Servlet.Http.HTTPServletRequest.

Q41. Why Cq5? What Are The Advantages Of Using Cq5?

Building websites via a rich graphical interface, corporate design and person get entry to control of editing and publishing rights.

Implementation of workflows for growing, editing and publishing of content material.

 Managing a repository of digital property like photos, documents and integrating them to the web sites.

Usage of search queries to discover content irrespective of where it is stored for your organization.

Setting up without problems the social collaboration blogs, agencies.

Tagging application to organize the digital belongings such as pix.

Q42. What Are The Benefits Of Osgi Application Framework?

Aplications are transportable, less difficult to re-engineer, and adaptable to converting necessities.

It supports administration of software package deal dependencies and versions, simplifying and standardizing 1/3-birthday party library integration.

The framework affords isolation for organization applications which might be composed of multiple, versioned bundles with dynamic lifestyles cycles.

OSGi applications can get admission to external package deal repositories. The framework reinforces service-oriented design at the module level.

Q43. State Various Strategies Used By Dispatcher?

Cache as plenty content material as feasible as static pages.

Accessing layout engine as little as possible.

Q44. What Is Osgi In Cq5? Explain?

OSGi stands for "Open Systems Gateway initiative"

“is the dynamic module gadget for Java™.”

comes under the type Universal Middleware.

“gives the standardized primitives that permit packages to be constructed from small, reusable and collaborative additives. These additives can be composed into an application and deployed.”

OSGi bundles can include compiled Java code, scripts, content material that is to be loaded in the repository, and configuration or additional documents, as wanted.

Allows the bundles to be loaded, and established, in the course of normal operations. In the case of CQ5, this is controlled by way of the Sling Management Console.

Q45. What Are The 7 Rules Given By David Model?

Rule #1: Data First, Structure Later. Maybe.

Rule #2: Drive the content hierarchy, do no longer allow it show up.

Rule #three: Workspaces are for clone(), merge() and replace().

Rule #4: Beware of Same Name Siblings.

Rule #five: References considered dangerous.

Rule #6: Files are Files are Files.

Rule #7: IDs are evil.

Q46. How To Customize Page Property Dialog?

Step 1 – Copy /libs/basis/components/web page/dialog node to template aspect’s node.

Step 2 – Modify conversation node 

Q47. Role Of Persistence Manager In Cq5?

The persistence manager saves the repository content material to a permanent garage solution, along with the document gadget or a database. By default, CRX saves repository content material to the Tar persistence supervisor. Following DB’s can be used for storing content – DB2, Oracle, SQL Server, MySQL.

Q48. Digital Asset Manager (dam) In Cq5, Explain?

The DAM is where authors can upload documents (other than HTML) for publishing on their websites. Examples consist of pictures and PDF files. The interface is similar to the WCM.

DAM Left Panel : The folder shape is at the left panel, and may be improved or collapsed by way of clicking the ideal plus (+) or minus (-) symbols. For your first time the usage of the DAM, you will need to navigate on your branch’s Digital Assets via the tree, starting with SFU. Contact your Site Administrator in case you can't see your branch’s Digital Assets area. You can most effective see the ones which you had been legal to.

DAM proper Panel : The right panel will display the folders and their contents, such as thumbnails of photos. A double-click at the photo will show a larger model and info which includes its size, description, tags, and dimensions.

While determining the folder structure of the contents inside the DAM is completely to the authors’ discretion, maintaining it just like the website online structure within the WCM is usually recommended. This will offer a visible reference among the relationship of the documents within the DAM and the pages in the WCM. All files have to be uploaded to the DAM before they may be used; the machine can't get admission to online files. Each should be activated (the equal manner as activating a content page), in any other case it'll no longer appear at the published page, and it'll best be inside the authorrsquo;s enhancing window.

Q49. Can We Restrict For Certain Users Not To Display Some Digital Assets?

You can continually restrict who can get admission to positive folders in CQ Digital Assets through making the folder a part of a CUG(closed person institution). Steps to make a folder part of a CUG:

In CQ DAM, proper-click the folder you want to feature closed person group residences for and select Properties.

Click the CUG tab.

Select the Enabled check box to make the folder and its assets available best to a closed consumer institution.

Browse to the login page, if there's one, to feature that facts. Add admitted companies by way of clicking Add object. If vital, upload the area. Click OK to shop your changes.

Q50. How Does Cq Work? Speciality?

CQ is an online content material control gadget. This me that authors do no longer need to install unique software program with a view to use CQ; handiest a browser is wanted.

In CQ, authors create, alter and delete content material on an authoring environment.

Basic authoring activities in CQ which include including text, pix, and primary layouts, do not require the know-how of HTML.

Changes to content material in CQ aren't made seen to the public till authors prompt them (i.E., put up the content material). Authors can also deactivate (i.E., unpublish) content if important