Interview Questions.

Q1. What Are The Different Configuration Steps In Sap Fiori?

Configurations of SAP Fiori Apps are divided into  parts:

Configuration of Transaction Apps and Fact sheets,

Configuration of Analytical Apps.

Before configuring anything, the entire infrastructure for SAP Fiori apps should be established. Once that is finished there might be sports to configure on again-quit and the front-stop servers.

Q2. What Is Embedded Hub Deployment And Where It Is Used?

Embedded hub Deployment: Development in SAP Business Suite Backend System

Advantages:

Easy reuse of content in SAP Business Suite backend gadget. We can reuse structures from the backend device and get right of entry to local enterprise common sense.

Reduced overall price of ownership (TCO) as we do no longer require a separate SAP NetWeaver Gateway gadget.

Considerations:

The lifestyles cycle of SAP NetWeaver Gateway content is dictated with the aid of the frequency of updates within the SAP Business Suite backend device.

We must integrate the eating utility or infrastructure with the SAP Business Suite machine on a point-by way of-factor basis. Cross-gadget composition is not really helpful.

Central SAP NetWeaver Gateway content isn't always available. Backend-specific content is used inside the SAP Business Suite backend system.

Cons:

If multiple SAP Business Suite structures are used Gateway might should be configured multiple instances.

Note: Embedded hub deployment isn't always endorsed via SAP especially for a patron with a couple of backend. This situation is used for sandbox purposes best.

Q3. What Are The Components That Are Configured In Sap Front End Server?

Configure ABAP Front-quit server includes- Configure SAP NetWeaver Gateway, Configure the Central UI Add-On, Configure SAP Fiori Launchpad.

Q4. What Is Vdm In Hana Live? What Are The Different Types Of Views In Vdm?

A digital statistics version (VDM) is a structured representation of HANA database perspectives used in SAP HANA Live for SAP Business Suite and follows consistent modeling guidelines.

It affords direct get admission to to SAP commercial enterprise records the use of trendy SQL or OData requests. Business records is uncovered through nicely-defined database perspectives, operating without delay on the tables of the SAP Business Suite structures and reworking them into regular and without difficulty comprehensible views.

VDMs will let you get right of entry to facts in a single factor and use it in some other without having to persist the facts a second time.

A Virtual information version consists of the subsequent forms of perspectives:

Query views are designed for direct intake by means of an analytical software (primarily based on HTML5, as an instance) or a widespread analytical tool (for example, BusinessObjects tools). They are always the pinnacle view in a hierarchy of views and aren't designed for reuse in different views. However, the virtual records version also includes question views to aid (show off) programs primarily based at the digital statistics version.The interface of the query perspectives is saved solid. The name of a question view ends with Query and presents output fields in a format consumable with the aid of UIs.

Reuse perspectives are the hearts of the virtual statistics model. They reveal the business information in a properly-established, steady and comprehensible way, covering all applicable business information in SAP Business Suite structures. They are designed for reuse by way of different views and ought to now not be fed on without delay with the aid of analytical gear.

Private views encapsulate certain SQL variations on one or several database tables or even other perspectives. They aren't categorised as reuse perspectives, as they might not bring clear business semantics, but are as a substitute meant to be reused in different views. They are similar to subroutines or (personal) strategies in programming languages. A non-public view may be based on database tables, other personal perspectives, or on reuse views.

Value assist views (VHVs) provide the value list for a selected commercial enterprise entity that is utilized in a cost help in a query view. Relevant enterprise entities are specified by using an identifier or code. A most of one VHV is described for every business entity in keeping with package deal. A VHV is covered either in an underlying package deal to the enterprise question perspectives that make use of it, or inside the identical package deal. In SAP HANA, for every primary bundle a particular VHV exists for a particular commercial enterprise entity.

Q5. Note Down The Steps That Are Required To Configure Sap Fiori Analytical Apps?

Step 1 Configure SAP Web Dispatcher:

Needs to be configured to specify routing guidelines mentioning which URL is forwarded to which request

Step 2

Configuring authentication and SSO desires to be executed inside the HANA database.

Step 3 configuring the front-stop server:

Configuring NetWeaver Gateway

Central UI add-Ons

Product precise upload-Ons

Step four (Only wished for Smart enterprise apps):

Enable consumer get entry to to KPI facts

Model KPIs

Configure navigational goals for KPI catalogs

Q6. What Are The Different Rfc Authorization Objects In Sap Fiori?

Authorization Object S_RFCACL

Definition:

Authorization take a look at for RFC customers, specially for trusted structures

Defined Fields:

This authorization object includes the following fields:

RFC_SYSID: ID of the calling machine or the area of the satellite tv for pc system.

RFC_CLIENT: Client of the calling system.

RFC_USER: ID of the calling consumer.

RFC_EQUSER: Flag that shows whether the person may be referred to as by a person with the identical ID (Y = Yes, N = No)

RFC_TCODE: Calling transaction code.

RFC_INFO: Additional records from the calling gadget (currently inactive).

ACTVT: Activity

Q7. How Can You Download Newly Created Themes That Are Published?

You can use transaction /UI5/THEME_TOOL to download newly created subject and you will locate css in one of those folders.

You also can transport subject matters from one gadget to some other (Eg: from Test to Production system) the usage of the device for Customer Themes Maintenance.

Start the tool the usage of transaction: /UI5/THEME_TOOL

Navigate to the subject matter you want to move.

Select Transport and select.

Q8. How Data Flow Happens In Sap Fiori Launchpad? Explain The Steps.?

Sequence of steps:

LPD_CUST

Launchpad Designer – Add a catalog, upload a group

Target mapping – semantic object, movement

Static/Dynamic Launcher

PFCG – Catalog, organization

Q9. How Do You Identify A Workflow Template In Sap Fiori?

Workflow templates are prefixed with “WS”.

Q10. What Is Sap Hana Xs Engine? How It Is Used For Business Suite And Kpi?

For Analytical apps you need SAP Hana as underlying database, no exceptions. SAP Fiori leverages.

XS engine by way of the usage of virtual records fashions. Within XS engine there are 2 components: the HANA Live App content material for respective enterprise suite and Smart enterprise component with the KPI modeler. Within the HANA live content material the VDM reuse content material exists which can be modified.

In beneath Pic, you have ABAP front end server which contains the UI Add-Ons for respective products used, NetWeaver Gateway with OData enablement, the important UI add-on and the KPI framework. These front stop components have study get entry to to the backend facts through a trusted RFC connection.

Q11. Which Routing Rules Has To Be Defined In Sap Hana Studio To Configure Web Dispatcher To Use Https Request?

Three routing regulations want to be described in SAP NWG machine:

Default_host/sap/public

Default_host/sap/bc

Default_host/sap/opu

Two routing policies want to be defined in the HANA studio:

Content/sap/hana

Content/sap/hba

Q12. To Be Able To Use The Ui Theme Designer, Which Internet Communication Framework Icf Nodes Should Be Activated?

To be able to use the UI Theme Designer, Activate the following Internet Communication Framework (ICF) service nodes:

/sap/public/bc/issues

/sap/bc/theming

To be able to use SAP UI5 and NWBC preview pages, following ICF services need to be activated:

/sap/bc/ui5_demokit

/sap/public/bc/ui2

Q13. What Is Launchpad Designer Tool? Why Do We Need It?

We can use SAP Fiori Launchpad clothier for configuring and developing businesses and catalogs that can then be accessed from SAP Fiori Lauchpad that's a unmarried access point to all apps. We can search these days launched apps thru seek functionality of Launchpad. Tiles which can be to be had on Fiori Launchpad home web page are configured using Launchpad Designer Tool.

Q14. What Are The Configuration Tasks That Need To Be Performed On Front End Server As Per Different App Types?

We need to perform certain configuration responsibilities on the front cease server which might be specific to app kind. We want to Activate OData Services for transactional apps and Factsheets but no longer for Analytical apps. For analytical apps we need to configure get entry to to SAP HANA facts.

Q15. Note Down The Steps That Are Required To Configure Sap Fiori Transactional Apps?

Step 1 Configuring SAP Web Dispatcher specifies routing rules to define which URL is forwarded to which gadget is done for each Transactional Apps and Factsheets.

Step 2 best desires to be configured for Factsheets. If we simply ought to configure Transactional Apps we can skip step 2.

Step 3 is configuring the the front-give up server and that is accomplished for both Transactional Apps and Factsheets.

At excessive degree we need to configure:

SAP NetWeaver Gateway

The Central UI Add-Ons (Launchpad Configuration)

Product Specific Add-Ons

Step 4 is configuring the returned-cease server and that is completed for both Transactional Apps and Factsheets.

Viewing from a high stage – Roles, Users and Authorizations

Note: Transactional Apps can run on any DB whereas the Factsheets must run on SAP Hana.

Q16. What Is The Use Of Pfcg Role Sap_ui2_user_700?

The Launchpad user must have the PFCG function SAP_UI2_USER_700 assigned.

With this position the consumer can run the SAP Fiori Launchpad at the Personalization level and has authorization to execute the subsequent OData offerings:

/UI2/PAGE_BUILDER_PERS

/UI2/INTEROP

/UI2/LAUNCHPAD

Q17. What Is Mvc?

The Model-view-controller sample defines domain modeling, GUI of utility and enter and actions based on devices.

MVC technique defines in SAP UI5 has following points:

Model:

A bridge between view and facts of the apps and it accepts the request from view and responds for this reason. It doesn’t rely upon any of instructions.

View:

It manages the show of records (GUI of the application) and it relies upon on Model.

Controller:

It concludes the input given by using gadgets and communicates to model/view to take proper action. It additionally depends on version. View and Controller have 1:1 courting. Controller entertains person requests received from View.

Q18. To Diagnose Workflow Errors, Which Transaction Do You Use?

SWI2_DIAG → to diagnose workflow errors.

Q19. What Are The Different Options In Sap Fiori Launchpad Design?

Configuration Layer: Contains all content as introduced to clients consisting of translation.

Customization Layer: Customers regulate content material for all customers within the gadget. We can use CUST layer for checking out or other motives. Content is portable thru customizing requests with the aid of customers. After customization, content is decoupled from configuration layer and no automatic synchronization after adjustments to introduced layer.

Q20. What Are The Different Authentication Methods That Can Be Configured In Sap Fiori For Internal And External Company Communication?

By imposing SAP Single Sign-On, your apps end up automatically to be had after simply one initial consumer authentication on the customers Windows computing device, and not using a need for in addition log-on procedures.

Kerberos generation is the approach of choice in intranet situations for SSO. It really re-makes use of your Windows domain authentication for unmarried sign-on.

X.509 certificates provide a viable alternative for growing a cozy SSO infrastructure if you're considering extending single signal-on to extranet or pass-corporation eventualities.

Q21. In Sap Netweaver 7.31 Ep1, Which Roles Should Be Assigned To Fiori Launchpad Administrator?

The Launchpad administrator have to have the PFCG position SAP_UI2_ADMIN assigned.

SAP_UI2_ADMIN is a composite role containing the following release-structured roles:

SAP_UI2_ADMIN_700 for SAP NetWeaver 7.0

SAP_UI2_ADMIN_702 for SAP NetWeaver 7.0 enhancement bundle 2

SAP_UI2_ADMIN_731 for SAP NetWeaver 7.Zero enhancement bundle 3 and SAP NetWeaver 7.3 enhancement package @

Q22. What Is A Fragment And Views In Sap Ui5?

Fragments are portions of a UI without their personal controller. The name of every view of fragment is important. A fragment should be named as <NAME>.Fragment.Xml and a view <NAME>.View.Xml

SAPUI5 Views: Views are not anything but the application pages. We define our person interface by means of growing Views. Views is fashioned or created by using the use of one or extra Controls in it say Page,SimpleForm,Dialog,Label,Input and so on. Every view has its personal controller.

SAPUI5 Fragments: Fragments are the portions of UI just like SAPUI5 Views. Whenever we need to use a few comparable UI components in many instances in our utility/perspectives we create Fragments of these UI parts due to the fact Fragments are reusable and are light weight as compared to VIews and Controls. Fragments are saved with within the application itself and may be utilized by that utility most effective. Fragments are defined as View handiest and calling Views controller is shared with Fragment as Fragments aren't having their own controllers.

Q23. In Ui5 Data Binding Supports, What Are The Different Model Implementations?

UI5 data binding supports three unique model implementations:

JSON Model helps statistics in a JavaScript Object Notation layout and It supports -way binding.

XML version helps XML data and it helps -way binding.

OData model supports OData compliant information. It creates OData requests and handles responses. It includes the open source library dataJS to address OData requests and data. It helps -manner experimental binding.

Q24. To Configure Enterprise Search In Back End, What Is Important Perquisite For This?

To configure Enterprise seek in lower back give up, we ought to have Embedded Search Technology setup.

Q25. What Is The Use Of Defining Workflow Scenarios In Workflow Engine?

Workflow scenario aggregates one or extra workflow responsibilities in workflow engine and is represented via a unmarried access in the purchaser utility. The service /IWPGW/TASKPROOCESSING is furnished within the preferred.

Q26. For Write Access To The Ui Theme Designer (create, Update, Delete Themes), Which Authorization Object Should Be Assigned?

Authorization object: /UI5/THEME

ACTVT(Activity):02(Change) and

/UI5/THMID (Theme Id):* = all themes

Q27. What Are The Different Odata Services That Are Required For Sap Fiori Launchpad?

OData offerings must be enabled in SAP Net Weaver gateway to set up mapping among technical OData call and the corresponding lower back-cease service. In order to setup SAP Fiori Launchpad and Launchpad designer, we have to prompt 5 unique OData Services.

/UI2/PAGE_BUILDER_CONF

/UI2/PAGE_BUILDER_PERS

/UI2/PAGE_BUILDER_CUST

/UI2/INTEROP

/UI2/TRANSPORT

Q28. The Add-on Components In Back End That Require No Down Time For Installation Are Known As?

Product particular UI Add-Ons

ERP − UI for EHP 7 for SAP ERP 6.Zero

SRM − UI for EHP3 for SAP SRM 7.Zero

SCM − SAP SNC USABILITY 1.0

CRM − UI for EHP3 for SAP CRM 7.Zero

PORTF and PROJ MGMT − UI for SAP PORTF PROJ MGMT 6.Zero

GRC − UI for SAP ACCESS CONTROL 10.1 SP3

Q29. Transaction Apps, Factsheets And Analytical Apps Require Which Of The Sap System To Run?

Transaction Apps are simplest apps that don’t have to run on Hana machine. They can run on any Database. All factsheets, Analytical apps and Small Business Apps run on SAP Hana. Only Fact sheet requires Search Models. Only Analytical Apps requires Hana XS Engine and KPI Framework is wanted for Smarts Business Apps.

Q30. To Expose Our Gateway Service To Outside World, Where Do An Entry Must Be Created?

In order to show our Gateway service to outdoor world, we have to create an entry within the Service Catalogue on which ever server is acting because the Gateway hub.

Q31. What Is The Function Of Sap Web Dispatcher In Sap Fiori Architecture?

SAP Web Dispatcher (Reverse proxy) is access factor for HTTP(s) request in SAP Fiori Architecture. It can accept or reject connections as according to user request.

Q32. Which Service Is Used By Sap Fiori Launchpad Designer To Read And Assign Transport Request?

/UI2/TRANSPORT- Used with the aid of SAP Fiori Launchpad clothier to study and assign delivery request.

Q33. What Is The Use Of Ui Theme Designer? What Are The Benefits?

Using UI topic fashion designer you may create your very own subject matters to evolve the visual look of programs.

One single device for theming and branding SAP’s key consumer interfaces:

Apply your corporate branding and look to programs built with SAP UI technology. The UI topic clothier is a browser-based totally tool for pass-theming eventualities.

The tool is focused at different user businesses, including developers, visible designers, and directors.

Key Features and Benefits:

Browser-based, graphical WYSIWYG editor:

Change the values of theming parameters and right now see the way it affects the visualization of the selected preview web page.

Build-in preview pages:

 

Select built-in preview pages to see what your custom subject will appear like while it's miles implemented to an software −

Application previews (as an instance, Purchase Order Approval, SAP Fiori Launchpad)

Control previews
 

Different tiers of theming:

 

Quick theming (fundamental move-generation theme settings)

Expert theming (generation-specific subject settings)

Manual LESS or CSS editing
 

Color palette for reuse:

Specify a set of parameters with the primary color values defining your corporate branding.

Cross-generation theming:

Create one constant subject matter that applies to numerous SAP UI clients and technologies −

SAPUI5 general libraries (which includes SAP Fiori applications and SAP Fiori launchpad)

Unified Rendering technologies (together with Web Dynpro ABAP and Floorplan Manager)

SAP NetWeaver Business Client:

Multiplatform and Multi UI technology help.

Low Total Cost of Ownership.

Q34. What Are The Different App Launched Tile Types In Sap Fiori?

Static: It shows predefined static content material (text, icon).

Dynamic: It indicates numbers that can be read dynamically.

News Tile: Flips through information messages in step with the configuration of the tile.

KPI Tile: It displays KPI’s in real time.

Q35. Explain Sap Netweaver Gateway Central Hub Deployment In Sap Fiori?

In NetWeaver Gateway Central Hub deployment − UI layer and SAP NetWeaver gateway is contained in ABAP Front-give up server. The ABAP returned stop server consists of commercial enterprise common sense and back end facts.

Separating commercial enterprise logic and again quit statistics from UI layer has beneath benefits:

Single Point of preservation for UI troubles- inclusive of browser support and updated model of SAP UI5 libraries.

Central vicinity for theming and branding SAP Fiori Apps.

Routing and composition of a couple of backend systems is supported.

Single Point of access to backend structures and improved security due to no direct access to backend machine.

SAP recommends Central Hub deployment specially for Productive environment. Separate NetWeaver Gateway system is required.

Q36. What Are The Components Of Sap Hana Extended Application Services?

SAP Hana XS engine includes 2 additives-Hana Live App Content and SMART Business additives with KPI modeler. Within Hana Live App Content VDM reuse content exist.

Q37. What Is The Use Of Component.Js File In Ui Extensibility?

The configuration is saved within the component.Js report of the custom application. The component of the custom utility desires to inherit from the principle component of the unique software. To make the region of the authentic utility or thing recognised to SAPUI5, it is able to be essential to apply register Module Path. The configuration inside the customizing section contains the extension metadata and describes the items that are replaced or extended.

Q38. What Is The Use Of Sap Solution Manager And Application Lifecycle Management?

SAP Solution Manager is the usual platform for Application Lifecycle Management (ALM), and performs a decisive function in the ALM equipment. Besides offering SAP capability itself, SAP Solution Manager integrates the opposite gear to make certain a complete approach.

Q39. In Netweaver Gateway Central Hub Deployment, What Are The Different Scenarios For Development? Which One Is Preferred And When?

Scenario A: Central Hub Deployment — Development in SAP Business Suite Backend System

Advantage:

It allows to reuse data stored within the SAP Business Suite system easily considering the fact that improvement takes vicinity in the gadget wherein records is saved.

Considerations:

To permit verbal exchange between the SAP NetWeaver Gateway gadget and the SAP Business Suite backend system, you have to set up IW_BEP in the backend device.

The life cycle of SAP NetWeaver Gateway content is dictated through the frequency of updates within the SAP Business Suite backend system.

Cons:

Requires separate NetWeaver Gateway system

Scenario B: Central Hub Deployment — Development in SAP NetWeaver Gateway System

Advantages:

Noninvasive deployment scenario for SAP Business Suite backend device.

The lifestyles cycle of SAP NetWeaver Gateway content material is loosely coupled to the lifecycle of the SAP Business Suite backend device.

To allow outside access and fulfill security requirements, you could locate the SAP NetWeaver Gateway system in a demilitarized zone (DMZ).

You want simplest a single installation of the SAP NetWeaver Gateway Add-Ons inside the system landscape.

Cons:

Requires separate NetWeaver Gateway system.

Considerations:

The SAP NetWeaver Gateway content implementation can't use most people of improvement gadgets inside the SAP Business Suite backend machine. Consequently we want to create copies of structures and records domain names.

We must pick this deployment state of affairs if we can't install the SAP NetWeaver Gateway Add-Ons within the SAP Business Suite backend gadget. We might not be capable of installation Add-Ons in the backend device for motives of protection, balance, or incompatibility (because of device launch).

Q40. Why Do We Need A System Alias If Gw_core And Iw_bep Components Are Installed On The Same Abap System?

You want to realize the device alias of the ABAP system in that you developed and configured the Gateway Service.

There are two opportunities right here:

If the GW_CORE and IW_BEP components are set up at the identical ABAP gadget, then the system alias will in all likelihood be “LOCAL”.

If they may be set up on specific systems, then even though machine aliases can be any name you want, they usually follow the naming convention of <SID>_<Client> So the device alias for connecting to client 200 of gadget C11 might normally be C11_20@

However that is best a convention, now not a rule.

Q41. What Are The Components That Are Configured As Part Of Configuration Of Kpi Data?

Configure get admission to to KPI statistics (SAP Smart Business only) includes – permits person get admission to to KPI records, KPI modeler, Configure navigation objectives for KPI’s.

Q42. To Integrate Factsheets With Geographical Maps, Connection Is Set Up Between The Abap Back-quit Server And The Map Provider. What Is Communication Channel?

For fact sheets with included geographical maps, geographical coordinates and address records are transferred from the ABAP back-cease server to the map issuer using HTTP or HTTPS.

To make sure confidentiality and integrity of facts, we strongly propose defensive HTTP connections by using Transport Layer Security (TLS) or Secure Sockets Layer (SSL).

Q43. Explain Sap Netweaver Gateway Embedded Hub Deployment In Sap Fiori?

In Embedded Hub Deployment: NetWeaver gateway is deployed on equal server because the Business Suite. So more than one Business Suite structures requires Gateway to be configured multiple instances. It is not recommended by means of SAP specially for clients with a couple of again ends.

No extra separate NetWeaver Gateway device is required. It is generally used for sandbox purposes best.

Q44. To Enable Communication Between The Front-give up Abap And Back-cease Abap Server, Which Communication Type Is Used?

Trusted RFC:

Trusted RFC affords statistics from backend Business suite to the apps. SAP Business suite is found in ABAP back-give up server with all its modules- ERP, CRM, SRM, SCM. Fiori Apps are available in ABAP frontend server in Fiori Launchpad.

Q45. How Do You Extend An Odata Service (gateway Content Layer) In Sap Gateway?

Transaction code SE11 is ABAP dictionary. By the use of this transaction code, you could create, trade and show desk entries and systems. At the preliminary display, you could positioned any tables or structures to view, edit or maybe create a brand new one. Transaction code SE11 is typically used a ABAP programmer.

SAP Gateway Service Builder (transaction SEGW)) is a design-time environment, which provides builders an smooth-to-use set of gear for developing offerings. The Code-based OData Channel consumes it and helps developers all through the improvement lifestyles cycle of a carrier.

SE80 - Object Navigator

SE 80 is a device to develop and navigate applications and dd-obj.

SE80 Object Navigator → manner all the objects could be to be had there. In se80 in addition to viewing the gadgets associated with programming and training, there are more privileges to view consisting of some different repositories consisting of mime, object repository, object browser and all.

Q46. Which Components Has To Redefine While Extending Gateway Layer Of Sap Fiori Application?

IW_BEP on Business Suite

IW_FND on Gateway Layer

Q47. Kpi Framework Is Installed For Which Of The Following Apps?

Analytical apps and the SAP Smart Business apps share the setup of HANA XS engine and KPI Framework handiest (in Smart Business Apps). After setup of SAP Fiori System Landscape with SAP Hana XS engine we need to be following the KPI modeler on the front-give up server and respective SAP Smart Business Products on SAP Hana server.

Q48. To Enable Remote Logon For Users Who Use The Same User Data In Both Sap Netweaver Gateway Host And Sap System, Which Connection Type Needs To Be Configured?

To outline a trust courting among SAP gadget and SAP NetWeaver gateway host by way of configuring SAP gadget to be trusting machine and NetWeaver gateway host to be the relied on system. It enables far flung logon for customers who use the equal user records in each SAP NetWeaver Gateway host and SAP device.

To configure SAP gadget because the trusting device:

Create an RFC vacation spot for use in the consider configuration.

Define device to be trusting gadget the use of transaction SMT@

Configure the gadget to create and accept declaration tickets from SAP NetWeaver Gateway host using SSO2 wizard.

To configure SAP NetWeaver Gateway host as trusted system:

Create an RFC vacation spot for communicating with the trusting SAP system.

Q49. What Is Use Of Odata Protocol?

OData is a protocol used to trade statistics on net and turned into at the start evolved by using Microsoft.It is based on Atom Publishing and Atom Syndication requirements, which in flip, are based on XML and HTTPS(S).

The Atom publishing format doesn’t specify how Data must be encoded with in a feed consequently it fails to provide self-describing messages and fails to be completely RESTful. OData extends Atom via offering a metadata description of message.

OData affords definition for:

Simple sorts

Complex Types

Association in addition to Navigation path between entries.

Custom conduct

OData also adds an alternative illustration of statistics in the layout of JSON.