Interview Questions.

Q1. A User Is Able To Ping Ip Addresses On The Internet , But Unable To Access It Via Domain Names. Should The Dns Server Be Configured On The Gateway Or The Client.

The DNS server may be a public server or the gateway deal with. If it's miles the gateway address, the DNS server cope with have to be configured on the gateway. The DNS server have to also be configured on the customers TCP/IP adapter.

Q2. What Is The Difference Between Physical Address And Logical Address?

Physical Address: It’s referred to as as MAC Address (forty eight bit)

Logical Address :  It’s Called as Ip Address   (IPv4 -32 bit &  IPv6 -128 bit)

Q3. What Are The Types Of Lan Cables Used?

Straight Cable

Cross Cable

Q4. What Is A Cross Cable?

Its used to connect same form of gadgets with out the use of a switch/hub to be able to speak.

Q5. How Would You Troubleshoot Dhcp Server Related Issues.?

Check the IP connectivity with the DHCP server from a gadget configured at the network. Test if the DHCP client and server carrier is started out at the DHCP server and the purchaser. Test if the DHCP server carrier is handy using nmap.

Q6. What Is Ipconfig Command? Why It Is Used?

IPCONFIG command is used to display the IP statistics assigned to a laptop.

From the output we are able to discover the IP cope with, DNS IP deal with, gateway IP deal with assigned to that computer.

Q7. What Would You Use To Connect Two Computers Without Using Switches?

Cross cable.

Q8. What Is The Difference Between Public And Private Ip Addresses?

Public IP addresses:

A public IP cope with is any legitimate cope with, or wide variety, that can be accessed over the Internet.  Internet requirements businesses, such as the Network Information Center (NIC) or the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA), are the groups answerable for registering IP tiers and assigning them to organizations, including Internet Service Providers (ISPs).

Private IP addresses:

A private IP cope with is any range or cope with assigned to a device on a personal TCP/IP Local Area Network this is reachable simplest inside the Local Area Network.  For a resource within the Local Area Network to be handy over the Internet, a device within the Local Area Network ought to be linked to the Internet with a public IP address, and the networking have to be correctly configured. 

The same Internet standards businesses have reserved the subsequent three IP address ranges that will in no way be registered publicly:

First IP in block Last IP in block

10.0.0.0 10.255.255.255

172.Sixteen.Zero.0 172.31.255.255

192.168.Zero.Zero 192.168.255.255

Q9. A User Is Unable To Telnet Into The Router. Explain The Methodology Of Troubleshooting.?

Check the IP connectivity the usage of ping. Check if port 23 is open on the router using nmap.

Q10. Crimping Types & Colour Coding?

1.Straight Crimping  : Communication  bw the  Difference Devices 

   Ex.( System To Switch &  Switch to System or Modem)

 2.Cross Crimping : Communication  bw the  same Devices    

 Ex.( System To machine &  Switch to switch)

Straight:

Orange white  orange Orange white  orange

Green white    blue Green white    blue

Blue white       green Blue white       green

Brown white   Brown Brown white   Brown

Crosss:

Orange white  orange Green white  Green

Green white    blue Orange white    blue

Blue white       inexperienced Blue white      Orange

Brown white   Brown Brown white   Brown

Q11. Name Three Steps Which You Would Use To Troubleshoot Internet Related Problems.?

Check the connectivity with the default gateway. Check if the DNS server is configured on the PC. Check if the correct port number is active the use of nmap at the DNS server.

Q12. What Is The Range Of Addresses In The Classes Of Internet Addresses?

ClassA : 1-126         N.H.H.H  1.0.0.1 to126.255.255.254    - sixteen million hosts on each of 127 networks.

ClassB  : 128 -191   N.N.H.H  1 28.1.0.1 to191.255.255.254 - sixty five,000 hosts on every of 16,000 networks.

ClassC: 192- 223   N.N.N.H     192.Zero.1.1 to223.255.254.254 - 254 hosts on every of 2 million networks.

ClassD  : 224-239  - Reserved for multicast businesses.

ClassE:  240-254   - Reserved for future use.

Ranges 127.X.X.X are reserved for loopback or neighborhood host

Range of 169.254.X.X is APIPA, stands for computerized private IP addressing

Q13. What Are The Differences Among Router, Switch And Hub?

Hub (layer 1 Device):

Hubs, additionally called repeaters, are community devices which can function on layer-1 (I.E. The physical layer) to connect network gadgets for verbal exchange.

A not unusual connection factor for gadgets in a network (Physical Layer-Layer1). When a packet arrives at one port, it is copied to the other ports so that each one segments of the LAN can see all packets.

Switch (layer 2 Device)::

Switches are network devices that operate on layer-2 of OSI model of communique.

Switches are also known as sensible hubs.

 In networks, a tool that filters and forwards packets among LAN segments. Switches function on the information hyperlink layer (layer 2) and sometimes the network layer(layer 3) of the OSI Reference Model .

Router (layer 3 Device): 

Routers are the network devices that function at Layer-3 of OSI version of conversation.

As layer-three protocols have get admission to to logical deal with (IP addresses) so routers have the functionality to forward information across networks.

Sometimes routers are also known as layer-3 switches.

A tool that forwards information packets alongside networks. A router is connected to as a minimum  networks, generally two LANs or WANs or a LAN and its ISP [Network Layer (Layer3)]

Q14. What Is Subnet Mask?

Subnet mask is used for identify the Network.

Example:

For a category A deal with,  a wellknown subnet mask is 255.Zero.Zero.Zero,

For a category B cope with,  a trendy subnet mask is 255.255.0.0,

For a category C deal with,  a general subnet masks is 255.255.255.Zero.

Q15. Name Three Steps Which You Would Use To Troubleshoot Ftp Server Related Problems.?

Test basic connectivity with ping, Check with nmap if the ports are open (20 and 21). Check if a firewall is restricting site visitors to the server.

Q16. What Is Apipa Ip Address? Or What Ip Address Is Assigned To The Computer When The Dhcp Server Is Not Available?

When DHCP server isn't always available the Windows client computer assignes an automatic IP cope with to itself in order that it may talk with the network cmputers. This ip deal with is referred to as APIPA. ITs in the range of 169.254.Zero.Zero to 169.254.255.255

APIPA stands for Automatic private IP addressing.

Q17. What Is A Gateway?

A default gateway is a routing device used to ahead all traffic that isn't addressed to a vacation spot inside the nearby community or nearby subnet. If you don’t have a default gateway, it isn't always feasible to communicate with the network tool/host of various networks.

Q18. What Is A Domain? What Is The Difference Between A Domain And A Workgroup?

Domain is created whilst we deploy Active Directory. It's a safety boundary that is used to manage computer systems inside the boundary. Domain may be used to centrally administor computers and we are able to govern them the use of commonplace policies referred to as group rules. We cannot do the identical with workgroup.

Domain: Collecton of clients controlled by the server called Domain

Work Group : Colletion of Client network called Work Group

Q19. What Could Be The Maximum Length Of The Lan Cable?

The theoretical length is 100 meters however after 80 meters you may see drop in speed because of loss of sign.

Q20. How Would You Troubleshoot Dns Problems?

Ping the DNS server and check the response. Check with wireshark if DNS request and reaction packets are being despatched and acquired.

Q21. What Is Ping Utility?

PING: Packet Internet Gropper. It's a diagnostic application, which diagnose connectivitybetween computer systems. It use ICMP: Internet Control Messaging protocol to ship echorequests ( commonly 4 packets) and get hold of echo replies (4 packets)