Interview Questions.

Q1. Mention The Requirements For Importing Natural Gas, Oil And Petroleum Into The Us?

For uploading petroleum or petroleum products to U.S, you don’t need a license to import those items, but you want to document a form known as EIA 814 with the EIA (Energy Information Administration).

Q2. What Is The Purpose And Integration Feature Of Sap Oil And Gas?

SAP Oil & Gas (TSW - Trader's and Scheduler's Workbench) 

Purpose:

Trader's and Scheduler's Workbench (TSW) gives functions for stock projection and for making plans and scheduling bulk shipments using nominations. TSW affords the relevant grasp records to version the deliver chain. The inventory projection, making plans, and nomination techniques allow the scheduler to time table bulk shipments whilst taking into account supply, demand, and available transportation.

Prerequisites:

To use the issue TSW, you need to prompt TSW within the modern-day device and customer. To do this, in Customizing for Industry Solution Oil & Gas (Downstream) select TSW (Trader's and Scheduler's Workbench) Specify TSW control parameters and select the TSW lively indicator. 

Integration:

To make certain complete integration with the SAP Oil & Gas solution, the underlying file go with the flow of a scheduled goods movement is initiated through the TSW person. This entails the automatic advent of shipments using the Transportation and Distribution (TD) factor, and the introduction of all TD-relevant and subsequent fabric motion files.

The Oil Quantity Conversion characteristic supplied in the SAP Oil & Gas solution is also included with TSW. In order for the Quantity Conversion Interface (QCI) to work well in TSW, the essential conversion statistics ought to be described for the cloth, plant, garage place, and batch.

Features

Master Data

The following grasp data gadgets within the TSW application:

Transport device (TS)

Location (enterprise area) and fabric

Partner function

Master information objects inside the R/3 System, which includes client, seller, or plant are connected to the places and delivery gadget using TSW accomplice roles. 

Processes and Functions

The following planning gear are supplied by way of the TSW application: 

Planning (Replenishment Proposals and Safety/Target Stock Calculation) 

Stock Projection Worksheet (SPW) 

Location Balancing

Worklist

The following scheduling tools are supplied with the aid of the TSW utility: 

Three-Way Pegging (3WP) 

Berth Planning Board (BPB) 

Nomination

Ticketing

Worklist

The following sequence is usually recommended to properly version the deliver chain using TSW master statistics items: 

You define you transport system inside the TSW grasp facts transaction. 

You define places or enterprise places in the TSW master statistics transaction.

You assign substances to locations. 

You assign places to the shipping machine. 

You create partner roles for the delivery system and/or locations. 

The following series is recommended to correctly installation making plans records: 

You generate the Stock Projection Worksheet. 

You use the Stock Projection Worksheet to carry out stock projection. 

Generating the Stock Projection Worksheet is needed, before using the Planning features or Worklist for the primary time. 

You generate the replenishment proposals based totally at the demand facts from the Stock Projection Worksheet. 

You generate the Worklist.

        The following series is an instance of a scheduling scenario: 

You create a nomination and assign documents to nomination line gadgets. 

You ship the nomination for your partner, consisting of a carrier. 

You affirm or reject nomination line gadgets, based on statistics from the provider. 

You enter the price ticket info based totally at the provider price tag and bodily items actions.

You validate the price ticket towards the nomination line objects. 

The machine routinely creates the underlying cargo documents and posts documents.

Q3. How Production Allocation And Planning Will Be Done?

Production allocation features in SAP UOM take information from various resources and make it visible to production accountants through a easy-to-use work middle interface. This interface makes it highly clean for the production accountants to decide hydrocarbon and water volumes, loads, and electricity content material. The machine is loaded into a user-defined network item through MII and policies carried out to allocate oil, fuel, water, and condensate. The manufacturing accountants can then complete custody switch to switch points or a target transport gadget. Users can easily decide what become produced; what may be produced; and perform in addition analysis for longer range making plans; plan vs. Real, and practice chemical analysis records to carry out allocations at both the element or full product stream level.

Key manufacturing allocation-associated skills encompass:

Top-down and backside-up allocation of hydrocarbons together with oil, gas, water etc. Determining commingled properly of entirety and intra-month shape.

Handling thru gathering structures/pipelines, as well as through the hole of gasoline processing centers.

Chemical evaluation as a method to capture fuel components.

Network modeling to copy subject configurations.

Mass, electricity, and extent size allocation.

Determining capacity and planned vs. Actual allocation.

Q4. What Are Offshore Installations?

Oil and gas offshore installations are business cities at sea, carrying the personnel and system had to get right of entry to reservoirs lots of ft below the seabed, and preserve continuous hydrocarbon production. The maximum important functions are drilling, preparing water or fuel for injection into the reservoir, processing the oil and gas earlier than sending it ashore, and cleaning the produced water for disposal into the sea. 

Big fixed structures may have most of these capabilities in a single place, but smaller structures can be devoted to simply one characteristic, which include drilling or gas compression. Some installations can be moved from one region to another, for instance cellular drilling rigs and production FPSOs.

Q5. What Is Api Gravity?

API approach American Petroleum Institute; it's far the primary association for the oil and herbal gasoline industry in U.S. The API denotes approximately 400 companies inside the petroleum industry and allows to set the same old for manufacturing, refinement and distribution of petroleum product.

Q6. Explain What Is Power Shares Db Energy Fund?

In the power commodities, this fund is the maximum rounded funding inside the strength commodities. This fund is invested within the electricity futures settlement like heating oil, Brent crude oil, RBOB gas and natural gasoline.

Q7. How Upstream Operations Works?

Upstream Operations Management:Gaining an common picture of a global electricity corporation's upstream operations can be noticeably hard. This is because every business line will generally tend to control complex resources with a focus on its own records and overall performance desires. Nevertheless, so that you can optimize a couple of (often interactive) variables, a corporation calls for a grasp view.

Q8. How In-memory Computing Supports In Transformation Of The Traditional It Stack?

SAP Business Information Warehouse (BW) is a center detail to the UOM solution. SAP now uses a new in-reminiscence computing era known as HANA. According to SAP, this has converted the modern BW IT stack to aid reporting and analytics.

In contemporary rapid-paced surroundings, people anticipate instantaneous response whilst attempting to find statistics on the Internet. Workers assume the identical reaction from enterprise structures. The amount of corporation records usually doubles each 18 months and, according to SAP, HANA era is capable of providing three,six hundred instances faster analytics to allow deeper information interrogation. This can increase the number of times a person can analyze the information within a given time frame. In-reminiscence computing actions the computing assignment from the pc disk power to the local reminiscence in order that consequences of complex evaluation and transactions are to be had on the person's fingertips, both on his or her computing device or telephone.

Recent upgrades in hardware and the economics of memory have spread out new opportunities to create a shift within the computing structure. In addition to developing hardware structures based totally on eight x 8 cores consistent with blade, software has additionally been redesigned to offer row and column store, compression, and insert most effective on delta. Microprocessors historically sit down idle for long intervals and statistics aren't stored the way that commercial enterprise customers ask questions. Eighty percentage of the enterprise gadget inquiries use simplest 20 percent of the records. 

SAP currently has over forty packages that assist HANA generation, which include SAP BW.

Q9. How Sap Solution Integrates Upstream Oil & Gas Operations?

Upstream oil & fuel production entails particular requirements and business techniques which can be specific to this enterprise. Unlike within the downstream zone, business strategies inside the upstream oil & fuel zone aren't well incorporated. This is partially because of organizational issues and partially because of the fact that upstream businesses typically use a handful of great-in-breed programs and severa Excel spreadsheets, in preference to a well-integrated answer. 

These enterprise methods consist of paintings-over control, manufacturing planning and allocations, contractor management and renovation scheduling, manufacturing reporting, and others. Without clean visibility into discipline variables and constraints, operations planners don't have the facts they want to make the fine decisions. This frequently outcomes in sub-choicest making plans, inefficient use of each physical and human assets, better expenses, and accelerated risk. 

As ARC Advisory Group discovered in a current briefing, SAP has targeted this trouble with the aid of developing an Upstream Operations Management (UOM) solution that the organisation has integrated with other SAP merchandise to provide interoperability throughout structures and tactics and visibility into upstream operations, protection, engineering, and planning. The last intention, of direction, is to assist maximize monetization of hydrocarbons.

Q10. How To Use Upstream Operations Reporting And Analytics?

Upstream oil & gas establishments can use SAP's integrated analytics technique to cope with key commercial enterprise questions. Production engineers can decide the performance fashion of the goal fuel and oil wells and higher recognize factors that effect production. The SAP UOM solution is also integrated with SAP Business Warehouse.

As an instance of a typical query, a production engineer can launch a file from the SAP UOM Portal to decide and evaluate the day by day manufacturing quantities of nicely completions across a network along side the relevant medium (hydrocarbons or water) and amount. This record also can show associated information along with downtime, nicely assessments, size statistics, and lifecycle repute for a specific community on a selected manufacturing date.

Q11. What Did Our Assets Produce? What Impact Will Specific Changes Have On Production?

To create the most accurate plans, upstream operators want whole visibility into all sports that impact delivery at the tailgate or custody transfer points. These encompass physical constraints, deliberate and unplanned logistic constraints, and deliberate renovation and paintings-over’s. SAP UOM helps three center features to facilitate workflow: discipline facts capture, manufacturing allocation and planning, and operations performance evaluation.

Field Data Capture:

Upstream oil & fuel working organizations can whole upstream allocations using SAP MII to integrate and validate area information from procedure historians. Field measurements, well take a look at downtime measurements, and production measurements from particularly instrumented fields are captured via industry first-rate practices. Well downtime records from a ramification of resources can also be integrated into SAP Plant Maintenance (PM) to improve protection planning activities. Since many onshore fields can have constrained automation structures, users can leverage the SAP mobility platform to capture records within the area.

Q12. How Integrated Data Architecture Drives Collaboration Across Processes And Operations Works?

For properly over a decade now, ARC has been intently following the controversy over the relative advantages of employing absolutely included, employer-degree data systems as opposed to more than one exceptional-in-breed software program structures.

While every approach has its execs and cons, the suitable selection will contain a number of factors, which includes specific software necessities, a business enterprise's hooked up base of software, inner IT and application guide resources, and corporate standards.

Q13. What Are The Different Kinds Of Oil Found Worldwide?

There are about 161 distinctive kinds of Oil determined worldwide. The exclusive categories of Oil discovered worldwide is classed into different forms of crude oil like Brent, Dubai Crude, West Texas, Intermediate, and many others. Classification is finished consistent with their sulphur content.

Q14. What Are The Taxes That Have To Pay On Gasoline?

There are State taxes and Federal taxes this is levied on your fuel, even though taxes adjustments from one state to some other. You are paying approx. 23% of nation taxes consistent with gallon of your gas which can range to forty% relying upon the state. While, federal government excises tax is ready 18 percentage per gallon.

Q15. Mention The Factors That Can Fluctuate Gasoline Prices?

The elements that may vary the fuel charge are:

Changes to the rate of crude oil.

Major supply disruption in any location of the united states of america.

Increased consumer call for.

Expected or surprising outages of any refinery.

Activity on the commodities market.

Q16. What Actually Happens Offshore?

The famous picture of offshore paintings regularly facilities on a muddy drill ground, wherein wells are drilled to goal the reservoirs of oil and gasoline beneath the floor - however this is best the start of the tale. 

The pinnacle quit of every production properly sprouts a branching collection of pipes, gauges and valves referred to as the 'Christmas tree'. At this point, crude oil is a hot, frothy, corrosive, excessive-pressure fluid containing gas, water and sand. 

After separation, the crude oil is metered and pumped into the pipeline, or saved till despatched ashore by tanker. 

The fuel separated from the oil can be used for fuel, or compressed and piped to shore or re-injected into the reservoir. Any gas that cannot be used is burnt inside the platform's flare, little or no gasoline is now flared. 

Processing structures for the gas fields of the southern North Sea are incredibly easy. The gasoline liquids are eliminated and then the gasoline is compressed, cooled, dehydrated and metered before being piped to shore. 

All production and drilling systems have to be monitored constantly for leaks, seeing that oil and gas are risky and extraordinarily flammable. 

There is not any mains strength offshore! Power needs to be generated at the installation to pressure production and drilling gadget, and to aid existence. 

In different phrases, offshore installations are full of complicated equipment and structures that want to be operated and maintained competently via relatively skilled people who apprehend the technology and the tactics worried, and who can paintings collectively in incorporated teams.

Q17. What Are Onshore Installations?

These are installations on land and generally close to the sea which get hold of oil and gasoline from offshore installations thru pipeline (or within the case of oil now and again via tanker). These installations prepare the liquid products for similarly refining - but they're no longer the refineries. They additionally take the herbal fuel and make it appropriate for piping into the National Grid. At some installations gasoline beverages are processed.