Interview Questions.

Question 1. Differences B/w Conditional Forwarding And Stub Zones?

Answer :

Both do the equal issue like forwarding the requests to suitable call servers who are authoritative for the domain names within the queries. However, there's distinction in both, Stub Zone are Dynamic and Conditional forwarder are static.

Conditional Forwarding –   Where you need DNS clients in separate networks to resolve every others’ names while not having to query DNS servers on the Internet, together with inside the case of a employer merger, you should configure the DNS servers in each network to ahead queries for names within the different community. DNS servers in one community will forward names for clients within the different network to a particular DNS server that will increase a large cache of information about the other community. When forwarding on this way, you create a direct point of touch between two networks’ DNS servers, lowering the need for recursion.

Stub Zone– Stub-Zones are dynamic -A stub area is sort of a secondary zone in that it obtains its aid data from other name servers (one or greater grasp call servers). A stub region is likewise study-only like a secondary zone, so directors can’t manually upload, do away with, or modify useful resource statistics on it. But the variations cease here, as stub zones are pretty extraordinary from secondary zones in multiple tremendous approaches.First, whilst secondary zones incorporate copies of all of the aid facts in the corresponding region on the master name server, stub zones comprise only three kinds of aid information:

A replica of the SOA record for the region.
Copies of NS records for all call servers authoritative for the area.
Copies of A records for all name servers authoritative for the zone.
Question 2. What Is Gpt And Gpc?

Answer :

A GPO (Group Policy Object) is a set of Group Policy settings, it consists of GPC and GPT.

GPC (Group Policy Container): Contains the information of assets of GPO like Security Filtering, GPO Status, GPO GUID and so on.

GPT (Group Policy Template): Contains the facts of GPO in Sysvol folder that may be checked after the configuration of the GPO that what settings had been configured to the client.

Networking Interview Questions
Question 3. What Is Majority Node Set?

Answer :

A majority node set is a single quorum resource, from a server cluster perspective; however, the records is genuinely saved on a couple of disks across the cluster. Each cluster node stores the configuration on a local disk it is able to have get entry to to when it starts offevolved up. By default, the location is pointed to %systemrootpercentclusterResourceGUID

Further Explained :- http://www.Yourcomputer.In/windows-cluster-interview-questions-and-solutions/

If the configuration of the cluster modifications, that change is replicated across the distinctive disks

Question 4. What Is Nlb?

Answer :

NLB (Network Load Balance)  is a Microsoft implementation of clustering and cargo balancing this is supposed to provide high availability and high reliability, as well as excessive scalability.

Http://technet.Microsoft.Com/en-us/library/cc779570(v=ws.10).Aspx

Networking Tutorial
Question five. Difference Between Unicast And Multicast ?

Answer :

Unicast:

Unicast is a one-to 1 connection between the consumer and the server. Unicast uses IP shipping strategies which includes Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP), that are session-based totally protocols. When a Windows Media Player purchaser connects the use of unicast to a Windows Media server, that client has a right away dating to the server. Each unicast consumer that connects to the server takes up additional bandwidth. For instance, when you have 10 customers all gambling 100-kilobits according to 2d (Kbps) streams, those clients as a set are taking over 1,000 Kbps. If you have got best one consumer gambling the 100 Kbps movement, most effective 100 Kbps is getting used.

Multicast:

Multicast is a real broadcast. The multicast supply is based on multicast-enabled routers to ahead the packets to all customer subnets which have clients listening. There is no direct dating among the customers and Windows Media server. The Windows Media server generates an .Nsc (NetShow channel) report when the multicast station is first created. Typically, the .Nsc report is introduced to the patron from a Web server. This file contains information that the Windows Media Player desires to pay attention for the multicast. This is much like tuning right into a station on a radio. Each patron that listens to the multicast provides no extra overhead on the server. In fact, the server sends out only one move according to multicast station. The identical load is experienced on the server whether most effective one customer or 1,000 clients are listening

http://assist.Microsoft.Com/kb/291786

System Administration Interview Questions
Question 6. What Is New In Windows 2008 Ad?

Answer :

Read-Only Domain Controllers
Fine-Grained Password Policies
Restartable Active Directory Service
Backup and Recovery
SYSVOL Replication with DFS-R
Auditing Improvements
UI Improvements
Question 7. What Is Strict Replication?

Answer :

Strict Replication is a mechanism developed by using Microsoft developers for Active Directory Replication. If a site controller has the Strict Replication enabled then that domain controller will not get “Lingering Objects” from a site controller which became isolated for greater than the TombStone Life Time. TSL is one hundred eighty days by using default on a Forest created with Windows Server 2003 SP1. A domain controller shouldn’t be outof sync for greater than this period. Lingering Objects may also seem on other domain controllers if replication happens with the outdated area controllers. These domain controllers will not mirror with the previous area controllers if you have set the underneath mentioned registry key.You must set the following registry setting on all of the domain controllers to allow the Strict Replication:

  KEY Name:HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESYSTEMCurrentControlSetServicesNTDSParameters

  Registry Entry: Strict Replication Consistency

  Value: 1 (enabled), zero (disabled)

  Type: REG_DWORD

Unix/Linux Tutorial Exchange Server 2010 Interview Questions
Question 8. What Is Super Scope In Dhcp?

Answer :

A superscope is an administrative feature of Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) servers walking Windows Server 2008 that you may create and control by means of using the DHCP Microsoft Management Console (MMC) snap-in. By the use of a superscope, you could institution more than one scopes as a single administrative entity. With this option, a DHCP server can:

Support DHCP customers on a unmarried physical community segment (along with a unmarried Ethernet LAN segment) wherein multiple logical IP networks are used. When a couple of logical IP community is used on each physical subnet or network, such configurations are frequently known as multinets.
Support far flung DHCP customers positioned on the a long way side of DHCP and BOOTP relay marketers (wherein the community at the far aspect of the relay agent makes use of multinets).
In multinet configurations, you could use DHCP superscopes to institution and prompt character scope stages of IP addresses used to your community. In this way, the DHCP server can spark off and offer rentals from a couple of scope to customers on a single physical community.

Superscopes can solve unique forms of DHCP deployment problems for multinets, including conditions in which:
The to be had address pool for a presently energetic scope is almost depleted, and extra computer systems need to be delivered to the network. The authentic scope includes the whole addressable variety for a single IP community of a certain address elegance. You need to use every other range of IP addresses to extend the deal with space for the same physical network section.
Clients must be migrated through the years to a new scope (which includes to renumber the current IP network from an deal with range used in an existing lively scope to a brand new scope that incorporates another variety of IP addresses).
You want to apply two DHCP servers at the same bodily community phase to control separate logical IP networks.
Question 9. What Is The Requirement To Configure Full Memory Dump In Windows?

Answer :

To generate a complete reminiscence unload report:

Click Start > right-click Computer and select Properties within the menu.
Click Advanced > Settings > Startup and Recovery > Settings > Write debugging statistics > Complete memory unload.
Click OK twice.
Hyper-V Interview Questions
Question 10. Which Dns Record Is Required For Replication?

Answer :

Host A facts of replication companions (Domain Controllers), Srv Records to discover the Domain Controllers  GUID in _msdcs sector (DC Locator)

Question eleven. Tools To Analyze Memory Dump?

Answer :

Windows Debugger (WinDbg.Exe) tool

Dumpchk,exe

Active Directory Interview Questions
Question 12. Tools To Troubleshoot Group Policy Issues?

Answer :

You can use AD inbuilt functions to troubleshoot group coverage trouble like RSOP.Msc or can run RSOP by way of deciding on customers in Active Directory users and computers, gpresult -v, gpt.Ini in sysvol under Group Policy GUID folder can be checked to find out the GPO settings configured.

Networking Interview Questions
Question 13. How To Troubleshoot Ad Replication Issues?

Answer :

It may be troubleshooted by way of repmon command that generates the mistake bring about eventvwr. DNS may be checked between two destination. Network/Firewall problem

Question 14. Booting Sequence In Windows 2008?

Answer :

Here’s the brief description of Windows Server 2008 Boot technique:

System is powered on
The CMOS masses the BIOS after which runs POST
Looks for the MBR on the bootable tool
Through the MBR the boot region is positioned and the BOOTMGR is loaded
BOOTMGR looks for active partition
BOOTMGR reads the BCD report from the boot directory at the energetic partition
The BCD (boot configuration database) carries diverse configuration parameters( this facts was formerly stored in the boot.Ini)
BOOTMGR switch manipulate to the Windows Loader (winload.Exe) or winresume.Exe in case the gadget changed into hibernated.
Winloader hundreds drivers which are set to start at boot and then transfers the manage to the home windows kernel.
Question 15. How To Edit Schema In Ad?

Answer :

Firstly, schmmgmt.Dll needs to be registered. Then ADSI Edit device can be used to edit schema.

Windows Administration Interview Questions
Question 16. Difference Between Windows 2003 & Windows 2008 Boot Process?

Answer :

Windows 2003 Boot Process:

POST
The MBR reads the boot sector which is the primary sector of the lively partition.
Ntldr looks course of os from boot.Ini
Ntldr to run ntdedetect.Com to get records approximately hooked up hardware.
Ntldr reads the registry files then pick a hardware profile, control set and loads tool drivers.
After that Ntoskrnl.Exe takes over and starts offevolved winlogon.Exe which starts offevolved lsass.Exe
Windows Server 2008 Boot manner.

System is powered on
The CMOS masses the BIOS and then runs POST
Looks for the MBR at the bootable device
Through the MBR the boot zone is located and the BOOTMGR is loaded
BOOTMGR looks for active partition
BOOTMGR reads the BCD record from the boot directory on the lively partition
The BCD (boot configuration database) consists of diverse configuration parameters( this data turned into previously stored in the boot.Ini)
BOOTMGR switch control to the Windows Loader (winload.Exe) or winresume.Exe in case the system was hibernated.
Winloader loads drivers which can be set to start at boot and then transfers the control to the windows kernel.
Question 17. Name Of Utilities That Is Being Used To Check Multipathing.

Answer :

FCInfo utility or Storage Explorer (home windows 2008) can be used to test the same.

Red Hat Linux System Administration Interview Questions
Question 18. How To Create Host A Record Remotely?

Answer :

dnscmd command can be used for developing a Resource Record on DNS server.

Below is the command:

dnscmd [<ServerName>] /recordadd <ZoneName> <NodeName> <RRType> <RRData>

System Administration Interview Questions
Question 19. What Is Glue Record?

Answer :

Name servers in delegations are identified by means of call, in place of through IP deal with. This manner that a resolving call server have to problem some other DNS request to discover the IP deal with of the server to which it's been referred. If the call given in the delegation is a subdomain of the area for which the delegation is being supplied, there's a circular dependency. In this example the call server supplying the delegation have to additionally provide one or greater IP addresses for the authoritative call server cited within the delegation. This facts is known as glue. The delegating call server offers this glue within the form of facts within the additional section of the DNS response, and affords the delegation within the solution phase of the reaction.

For example, if the authoritative name server for example.Org is ns1.Example.Org, a pc looking to clear up www.Example.Org first resolves ns1.Example.Org. Since ns1 is contained in instance.Org, this requires resolving example.Org first, which affords a round dependency. To smash the dependency, the name server for the top stage domain org consists of glue together with the delegation for instance.Org. The glue data are address data that offer IP addresses for ns1.Instance.Org. The resolver makes use of one or greater of those IP addresses to question one of the area’s authoritative servers, which permits it to complete the DNS question.

Question 20. What Is Loopback Group Policy?

Answer :

Group Policy applies to the user or computer in a way that relies upon on wherein both the user and the computer items are positioned in Active Directory. However, in a few cases, customers may additionally need coverage applied to them based totally on the vicinity of the computer item alone. You can use the Group Policy loopback function to apply Group Policy Objects (GPOs) that depend only on which pc the user logs on to.

Domain Name System(DNS) Interview Questions