Interview Questions.

Question 1. Explain What Is Apipa?

Answer :

APIPA-Automatic Private IP Addressing:

in case of dhcp server if now not discovered then the apipa assigns ip address routinely for the customer with the already configured ip addresses degrees from 169.254.0.1-169.254.255.254. It searches for dhcp server robotically after every 5 minutes, if found then it replaces the dhcp dynamic address.

Question 2. What Is Soa Record?

Answer :

Start Of Authority(SOA) Records indicate that Name Server is authoritative server for the domain.

System Administration Interview Questions
Question 3. What Is Exclusion Range In Dhcp Server?

Answer :

Exclusion Range is used to reserve a financial institution of ip addresses so laptop that require simplest static ip cope with which include DNS servers, legacy printers can use reserved assigned addresses .These are not assigned by using DHCP server.

Question four. What Is Virtual Directory In Iis?

Answer :

A digital server may have one domestic listing and any variety of other publishing directories. These other publishing directories are called digital directories.

Hyper SQL Database Tutorial
Question five. Specify The Port Number For Ad, Dns, Dhcp, Http, Https, Smtp, Pop3 & Ftp?

Answer :

AD- uses LDAP Udp 389 and 

UDP a hundred thirty five,

DNS- 53,

DHCP-sixty seven,68,

HTTP-eighty,

HTTPS-,SMTP-25,

POP3-a hundred and ten & 

FTP-20,21.

Exchange Server 2010 Interview Questions
Question 6. Explain The Functionality Of Ftp Server?

Answer :

The FTP server is to simply accept incoming FTP requests. Copy or pass the documents which you want to make to be had to the FTP publishing folder for get entry to.

The default folder is pressure:InetpubFtproot, in which pressure is the power on which IIS is established In the consumer-server model, a file server is a pc accountable for the critical garage and management of records files so that different computer systems at the equal community can access the files.

A document server permits customers to share records over a network while not having to physically switch files by floppy diskette or a few other outside garage device.

Question 7. Explain How To Publish Printer Through Ad?

Answer :

The organization policy placing ‘Automatically publish new printers in AD' when disabled, prevents the Add Printer Wizard from routinely publishing shared printers. In addition, Group policy putting ‘Allow printers to be posted' need to be enabled(default) for printers to be posted on that computers.

Hyper-V Interview Questions
Question eight. Explain Backup Methodology?

Answer :

The specific sorts of backup methodologies are:

Normal Backup:- This is default backup in which all files are subsidized up even if it become subsidized up before.

Incremental Backup:- In this form of backup simplest the documents that have not been subsidized up are sorted or sponsored up.

Differential Backup:- This backup is just like incremental backup as it does not take backup of those files subsidized up with the aid of regular backup but special from incremental because it will take backup of differentially subsidized up files at subsequent time of differential backup.

Copy Backup:- This kind of backup is that is used in the course of machine country backup and asr backup. It is used in special situations only.

Daily Backup:- This type of backup takes backup of simplest the ones documents which are created on that specific day.

System Backup:- This kind of backup takes backup of documents specifically, Boot report, COM+Class Registry, Registry. But in server it takes backup of ads.

ASR Backup:- This sort of backup takes backup of whole boot partition such as OS and user information. This need to be the closing troubleshooting method to recover an os from catastrophe.

Question nine. What Is Quotas?

Answer :

Disk Quota is a function or service of NTFS which helps to limit or control the disk utilization from the normal user. It can be implemented in line with person user according to volume foundation.By default it is disabled. Administrative privilege is needed to perform the task. In 2003server we are able to manage handiest pressure however in 2008server we can set up quota in folder level.

Active Directory Interview Questions
Question 10. How Will Map A Folder Through Ad?

Answer :

Navigate domain consumer houses->supply course in profile tab within the layout servernamesharename.

Question eleven. What Can You Do To Promote A Server To Dc?

Answer :

Start->Run->DCPROMO

Red Hat Linux System Administration Interview Questions
Question 12. How Can You Restrict Running Certain Applications On A Machine?

Answer :

The Group Policy Object Editor and the Software Restriction Policies extension of Group Policy Object Editor are used to restriction running positive packages on a gadget. For Windows XP computer systems that aren't participating in a domain, you can use the Local Security Settings snap-in to get right of entry to Software Restriction Policies.

System Administration Interview Questions
Question 13. What Is Sysvol Folder?

Answer :

The sysvol folder shops the server's reproduction of the domain's public files. The contents together with group coverage, customers and so on of the sysvol folder are replicated to all domain controllers in the area. The sysvol folder ought to be positioned on an NTFS quantity.

Question 14. What Is The Entire Problem If Dns Server Fails?

Answer :

If your DNS server fails, you cannot remedy host names. You can't remedy area controller IP Address.

Question 15. How Can You Forcibly Remove Ad From A Server?

Answer :

In run use the command ->dcpromo /forceremoval

Domain Name System(DNS) Interview Questions
Question sixteen. How Do You Change The Ds Restore Admin Password?

Answer :

Microsoft Windows 2000 uses the Setpwd software to reset the DS Restore Mode password. In Microsoft Windows Server 2003, that capability has been integrated into the NTDSUTIL tool. Note that you can't use the system if the goal server is going for walks in DSRM.

Question 17. How Do You Backup & Restore Ad?

Answer :

You can backup Active Directory by way of the usage of the NTBACKUP tool that comes integrated with Windows Server 2003. Backing up the Active Directory is carried out on one or extra of your Active Directory area Controllers, and is completed via backing up the System State on the ones servers. The System State contains the neighborhood Registry, COM+ Class Registration Database, the System Boot Files, certificate from Certificate Server (if it is installed), Cluster database (if it's hooked up), NTDS.DIT, and the SYSVOL folder. The tombstone is 60 days (Windows 2000/2003 DCs), or 180 days (Windows Server 2003 SP1 DCs).

You can use one of the 3 methods to restore Active Directory from backup media: Primary Restore, Normal Restore (i.E. Non Authoritative), and Authoritative Restore.

Primary Restore: This technique rebuilds the primary area controller in a domain when there may be no different way to rebuild the domain. Perform a number one repair only while all the domain controllers in the area are misplaced, and you want to rebuild the area from the backup. Members of the Administrators institution can perform the primary repair on nearby laptop. On a site controller, simplest members of the Domain Admins organization can perform this restore.

Normal Restore: This technique reinstates the Active Directory statistics to the country before the backup, after which updates the information thru the ordinary replication method. Perform a normal restore for a unmarried area controller to a previously known precise kingdom.

Authoritative Restore: You perform this approach in tandem with a everyday repair. An authoritative repair marks precise statistics as modern and forestalls the replication from overwriting that data. The authoritative information is then replicated through the area. Perform an authoritative restore for man or woman item in a domain that has multiple domain controllers. When you carry out an authoritative repair, you lose all adjustments to the repair object that passed off after the backup. You need to use the NTDSUTIL command line software to perform an authoritative restore. You need to use it for you to mark Active Directory items as authoritative, so they get hold of a higher model currently changed records on other domain controllers does no longer overwrite System State information in the course of replication.

DHCP Interview Questions
Question 18. Name three Benefits Of Using Ad-integrated Zones?

Answer :

1. We can supply easy name resolution on your clients.
2. By growing AD- incorporated region you can also hint hacker and spammer by means of creating opposite region.
3. AD integrated zoned inquisitive about incremental zone transfers which on switch changes and not the entire zone. This reduces region switch traffic.
Four. AD Integrated zones guide both at ease and dynamic updates.
Five. AD incorporated zones are saved as part of the energetic listing and help domain-wide or wooded area-wide replication via software partitions in AD.

Exchange Server 2010 Interview Questions
Question 19. How Do I Configure A Client Machine To Use A Specific Ip Address?

Answer :

Reservation the use of mac deal with in DHCP.

Question 20. What Ports Are Used By Dhcp And The Dhcp Clients?

Answer :

Requests are on UDP port 68, Server replies on UDP 67.

Hyper SQL Database Interview Questions
Question 21. What Is Hidden Share?

Answer :

Using hidden stocks in your community is useful if you do not want a shared folder or pressure on the network to be without problems on hand. Hidden shares can upload some other layer of protection for shared files against unauthorized human beings connecting on your community.

Using hidden stocks enables dispose of the threat for humans to bet your password (or be logged into a licensed Windows account) and then get hold of access to the shared resource.

Windows routinely stocks tough drives with the aid of default for administrative functions. They are hidden shares named with the drive letter followed through a dollar sign (e.G., C$) and commented as Default Share.

Thus, certain networking and administrator functions and programs can work properly. Not that preventing Windows from growing those hidden or administrative stocks through default whenever your pc boots up takes a registry alternate.

Question 22. What Is The Default Time For Group Policy Refresh Interval Time?

Answer :

The default refresh c program languageperiod for rules is ninety mins. The default refresh c language for area controllers is 5 mins. Group policy object's organization coverage refresh intervals can be modified inside the group coverage object.

Question 23. Explain About Group Policy?

Answer :

Group regulations are utilized by administrators to configure and manipulate consumer environment settings. Group Policy Objects (GPOs) are used to configure group policies which might be carried out to web sites, domain names, and organizational units (OUs). Group policy may be blocked or set so it cannot be overridden. The default is for subobjects to inherit the coverage in their parents. There is a maximum of 1000 applicable organization policies.

Exchange Server 2007 Interview Questions
Question 24. Explain About Ad Database?

Answer :

Windows 2003 Active Directory data keep, the real database document, is %SystemRootp.CntdsNTDS.DIT. The ntds.Dit file is the coronary heart of Active Directory which include person bills. Active Directory's database engine is the Extensible Storage Engine ( ESE ) which is primarily based on the Jet database utilized by Exchange 5.5 and WINS.

The ESE has the functionality to develop to sixteen terabytes which could be huge enough for 10 million items.Only the Jet database can control statistics within the AD datastore.

Hyper-V Interview Questions
Question 25. What Is Apipa?

Answer :

A Windows-primarily based laptop this is configured to apply DHCP can mechanically assign itself an Internet Protocol (IP) deal with if a DHCP server is not available or does not exist. The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) has reserved 169.254.Zero.Zero-169.254.255.255 for Automatic Private IP Addressing(APIPA).

Question 26. How Will Backup Dhcp Server?

Answer :

The Backup listing inside the %SystemRootpercentSystem32DHCP folder consists of backup statistics for the DHCP configuration and the DHCP database. By default, the DHCP database is subsidized up each 60 mins automatically. To manually again up the DHCP database at any time, observe those steps:

1. In the DHCP console, proper-click on the server you need to again up, after which click on Backup.
2. In the Browse For Folder dialog container, pick out the folder with a view to contain the backup DHCP database, and then click OK.

Dns Server Interview Questions
Question 27. How Will You Backup Dns Server?

Answer :

If you are the use of Active Directory-incorporated DNS, then your DNS statistics is saved in Active Directory itself, and you will want to returned up the whole gadget state. If no longer, but, The Backup listing in the %SystemRootp.CSystem32Dns folder consists of backup information for the DNS configuration and the DNS database.

Active Directory Interview Questions
Question 28. Explain About Group Scopes?

Answer :

A DHCP scope is a valid range of IP addresses that are available for assignments or hire to patron computer systems on a specific subnet. In a DHCP server, you configure a scope to determine the cope with pool of ip which the server can provide to DHCP customers.

Scopes decide which IP addresses are furnished to the clients. Scopes need to be described and activated earlier than DHCP clients use the DHCP server for its dynamic IP configuration. You can configure as many scopes on a DHCP server as is needed for your network surroundings.

Question 29. What Is The Purpose Of Dhcp Server?

Answer :

A DHCP server is the server this is liable for assigning unique IP address to the computer systems on a network. No  computer systems (virtually, no  community cards1 [even if two are in one computer]) can have the equal IP address on a community on the equal time or there may be conflicts.

To that cease, DHCP servers will take a request from a computer that has simply been added (or is renewing) to the community and assign it a completely unique IP deal with this is to be had. These assignments generally handiest remaining for a confined time (an hour to per week commonly) and so that you are never guaranteed that the IP cope with for a selected laptop will remain the equal when the usage of a DHCP (some DHCP servers will let you specify that a laptop receives the same cope with all the time however).

Wintel Administrator Interview Questions
Question 30. What Is The Purpose Of A And Ptr Record?

Answer :

A (Host) file is used to solve name to ip cope with even as PTR (pointer) file is used to resolve ip deal with to name.

Question 31. Why Dns Server Is Required For Active Directory?

Answer :

The key reason for integrating DNS and AD is efficiency. This is in particular genuine wherein you have got masses of replication site visitors. You cannot clear up host names. You cannot locate services, like a site controller.

Question 32. What Is Dns Server?

Answer :

Domain Name System (or Service or Server), a carrier that resolves domains into IP addresses and vice versa. Because domains are alphabetic, they may be less difficult to remember.

The Internet but, is genuinely based on ip addresses. Every time you operate a site call, consequently, a DNS provider must translate the name into the corresponding IP address. For example, the domain call www.Instance.Com would possibly translate to 198.One zero five.232.4.

The DNS gadget is, in fact, its very own community. If one DNS server does not recognise how to translate a selected domain name, it asks every other one, and so on, till the best IP deal with is lower back.

Windows Server Dns Interview Questions
Question 33. Explain Different Edition Of Windows 2003 Server?

Answer :

Windows Server 2003, Web Edition :- is in particular for constructing and website hosting Web programs, Web pages, and XML Web Services.

Windows Server 2003, Standard Edition :- is aimed towards small to medium sized businesses. Flexible yet versatile, Standard Edition helps file and printer sharing, offers cozy Internet connectivity, and allows centralized computing device application deployment

Windows Server 2003, Enterprise Edition :- is aimed toward medium to large corporations. It is a complete-characteristic server operating system that helps up to 8 processors and gives employer-magnificence functions together with 8-node clustering the usage of Microsoft Cluster Server (MSCS) software program and guide for as much as 32 GB of reminiscence.

Windows Server 2003, Datacenter Edition:- is the flagship of the Windows Server line and designed for tremendous infrastructures disturbing high safety and reliability.

Windows Server 2003, Compute Cluster Edition:- is designed for working with the most hard computing problems that might require excessive overall performance computing clusters.

Windows Storage Server 2003:- is optimised to provide dedicated report and print sharing services. It is most effective available thru OEMs while purchased pre-configured with community attached storage gadgets.

Red Hat Linux System Administration Interview Questions
Question 34. What Is Ou? Explain Its Uses?

Answer :

An object is a fixed of attributes that represents a community useful resource, say a person, a pc, a set policy, and so on and object attributes are characteristics of that item stored inside the directory. Organizational gadgets act as a container for gadgets. Objects can be arranged in keeping with security and administrative requirement in an agency. You can without difficulty manipulate and locate items after arranging them into organizational units. Administrator can delegate the authority to manipulate exclusive organizational units and it is able to be nested to different organizational gadgets. Create an OU if you want to:

? Create a organization's shape and employer inside a site - Without OUs, all users are maintained and displayed in a unmarried list, the Users box, no matter a user's branch, area, or role.

? Delegate administrative manipulate - Grant administrative permissions to users or agencies of customers at the OU level.

? Accommodate capability adjustments in a agency's organizational shape - Users can easily be reorganized between OUs, even as reorganizing customers between domain names commonly requires greater time and effort.

? Group items with comparable community assets - This way it is simple to perform any administrative obligations. For example, all user accounts for temporary employees may be grouped in an OU.

? Restrict visibility - Users can view handiest the gadgets for which they have got get admission to.

Question 35. What Is The Purpose Of Sysvol?

Answer :

The sysvol folder shops the servers reproduction of the domain names public documents. The contents which include institution policy, users and so forth of the sysvol folder are replicated to all area controllers in the area. The sysvol folder need to be positioned on an NTFS volume.

Question 36. How Will You Restrict User Logon Timing In Domain?

Answer :

Start->dsa.Msc->double click on users->proper click on any customers->houses->click on account->click on logon hours->logon denied->pick time (via dragging mouse)->click on logon permission->adequate.

Domain Name System(DNS) Interview Questions
Question 37. How Will Assign Local Administrator Rights For Domain User?

Answer :

To assign a site user with local administrative proper in any patron of area we have to log in to the respected consumer device then, Start->control panel->person bills->provide username, password and name of area->upload->advanced->places->find now->pick others(in that select administrator person)->good enough->subsequent->adequate.

Question 38. What Is The Different Between Workgroup And Domain?

Answer :

A workgroup is an interconnection of some of structures that percentage assets consisting of documents &printers with out a devoted server .Each workgroup keeps a local database for user bills, security and so forth.

A domain, alternatively is an interconnection of systems that percentage sources with one or greater devoted server, which may be used to control security and permissions for all customers in the area. Domain keeps a centralized database and therefore a centralized control of consumer debts, guidelines and so on are established.

If you have got a user account on area then you can log on to any system without user account on that specific gadget.

Question 39. What Languages Can You Use For Log-on Scripts?

Answer :

JavaScript, VBScript, DOS batch documents (.Com, .Bat, or maybe .Exe)

Question 40. Where Are The Settings For All The Users Stored On A Given Machine?

Answer :

Document and Settings All Users

DHCP Interview Questions
Question 41. Where Are The Documents And Settings For The Roaming Profile Stored?

Answer :

All the files and environmental settings for the roaming user are saved locally on the gadget, and, when the consumer logs off, all adjustments to the locally saved profile are copied to the shared server folder. Therefore, the first time a roaming user logs directly to a new machine the logon manner may also make an effort, depending on how large his profile folder is.

Question forty two. What Remote Access Options Does Windows Server 2003 Support?

Answer :

Dial-in, VPN, dial-in with callback.

Hyper SQL Database Interview Questions
Question forty three. Anything Special You Should Do When Adding A User That Has A Mac?

Answer :

"Save password as encrypted clear text" have to be selected on User Properties Account Tab Options, since the Macs only save their passwords that manner.

Question 44. What Do You Do With Secure Sign-ons In An Organization With Many Roaming Users?

Answer :

Credential Management characteristic of Windows Server 2003 offers a constant single signal-on experience for users. This may be beneficial for roaming users who pass among computer structures. The Credential Management feature gives a relaxed keep of consumer credentials that consists of passwords and X.509 certificates.

Question forty five. If I Delete A User And Then Create A New Account With The Same Username And Password, Would The Sid And Permissions Stay The Same?

Answer :

No. If you delete a user account and attempt to recreate it with the equal consumer name and password, the SID could be exclusive.

Question 46. How Is User Account Security Established In Windows Server 2003?

Answer :

When an account is created, it's far given a completely unique get right of entry to wide variety called a protection identifier (SID). Every institution to which the user belongs has an associated SID.

The consumer and associated institution SIDs together form the consumer account's security token, which determines access tiers to gadgets in the course of the machine and network.

SIDs from the safety token are mapped to the get admission to manipulate listing (ACL) of any object the user attempts to get entry to.

Question forty seven. What Is Global Catalog?

Answer :

The Global Catalog authentication community user logins and fields inquiries about gadgets throughout a forest or tree. Every domain has as a minimum one GC this is hosted on a website controller. In Windows 2000, there has been typically one GC on every site with a purpose to save you user logon disasters across the community.

Question 48. How Do You Delete A Lingering Object?

Answer :

Windows Server 2003 presents a command called Repadmin that provides the ability to delete lingering gadgets in the Active Directory.

Question forty nine. What Types Of Classes Exist In Windows Server 2003 Active Directory?

Answer :

Structural elegance:

The structural class is crucial to the gadget administrator in that it's far the handiest kind from which new Active Directory objects are created. Structural classes are evolved from either the change of an present structural kind or the use of one or extra abstract lessons.

Abstract magnificence:

Abstract training are so named due to the fact they take the shape of templates that really create other templates (abstracts) and structural and auxiliary lessons. Think of abstract instructions as frameworks for the defining gadgets.

Auxiliary magnificence:

The auxiliary elegance is a listing of attributes. Rather than follow severa attributes whilst developing a structural class, it provides a streamlined alternative via making use of a combination of attributes with a single include motion.

88 elegance:

The 88 elegance consists of object classes defined prior to 1993, when the 1988 X.500 specification changed into adopted. This kind does no longer use the structural, abstract, and auxiliary definitions, nor is it in common use for the improvement of gadgets in Windows Server 2003 environments.

Question 50. What Snap-in Administrative Tools Are Available For Active Directory?

Answer :

Active Directory Domains and Trusts Manager, Active Directory Sites and Services Manager, Active Directory Users and Group Manager, Active Directory Replication (non-compulsory, available from the Resource Kit), Active Directory Schema Manager (non-compulsory, available from adminpak)

Question 51. How Can You Authenticate Between Forests?

Answer :

Four varieties of authentication are used throughout forests: 

(1) Kerberos and NTLM community logon for far off get admission to to a server in any other woodland; 
(2) Kerberos and NTLM interactive logon for physical logon outside the user's domestic wooded area; 
(3) Kerberos delegation to N-tier utility in some other wooded area; and 
(4) user essential call (UPN) credentials.

Question fifty two. When Should You Create A Forest?

Answer :

Organizations that operate on notably distinctive bases can also require separate timber with awesome namespaces. Unique exchange or brand names regularly supply upward push to split DNS identities. Organizations merge or are obtained and naming continuity is desired.

Organizations form partnerships and joint ventures. While get admission to to common sources is favored, a one by one defined tree can put in force greater direct administrative and security regulations.

Question fifty three. What Is New In Windows Server 2003 Regarding The Dns Management?

Answer :

When DC advertising occurs with an present woodland, the Active Directory Installation Wizard contacts an current DC to update the listing and replicate from the DC the specified portions of the directory.

If the wizard fails to find a DC, it performs debugging and reviews what brought about the failure and the way to restoration the hassle. In order to be positioned on a network, every DC should sign up in DNS DC locator DNS information.

The Active Directory Installation Wizard verifies a proper configuration of the DNS infrastructure. All DNS configuration debugging and reporting interest is performed with the Active Directory Installation Wizard.

Question fifty four. How Long Does It Take For Security Changes To Be Replicated Among The Domain Controllers?

Answer :

Security-related adjustments are replicated within a site at once. These adjustments consist of account and individual person lockout rules, adjustments to password guidelines, adjustments to computer account passwords, and changes to the Local Security Authority (LSA).

Question 55. Where Are The Windows Nt Primary Domain Controller (percent) And Its Backup Domain Controller (bdc) In Server 2003?

Answer :

The Active Directory replaces them. Now all domain controllers proportion a multimaster peer-to-peer study and write relationship that hosts copies of the Active Directory.

Question fifty six. What Is Active Directory?

Answer :

Active Directory is a community-based totally object save and provider that locates and manages resources, and makes those resources to be had to authorized users and agencies.

An underlying precept of the Active Directory is that the whole thing is considered an object-human beings, servers, workstations, printers, documents, and gadgets. Each item has certain attributes and its own safety access control list (ACL).

Question fifty seven. What Are The Windows Server 2003 Keyboard Shortcuts?

Answer :

Winkey opens or closes the Start menu. Winkey + BREAK presentations the System Properties dialog field. Winkey + TAB movements the point of interest to the following application in the taskbar.

Winkey + SHIFT + TAB actions the point of interest to the preceding software inside the taskbar. Winkey + B actions the focal point to the notification region. Winkey + D indicates the computing device. Winkey + E opens Windows Explorer displaying My Computer.

Winkey + F opens the Search panel. Winkey + CTRL + F opens the Search panel with Search for Computers module selected. Winkey + F1 opens Help. Winkey + M minimizes all. Winkey + SHIFT+ M undoes minimization. Winkey + R opens Run dialog. Winkey + U opens the Utility Manager. Winkey + L locks the pc.

Question 58. How Do You Get To Internet Firewall Settings?

Answer :

Start -> Control Panel -> Network and Internet Connections -> Network Connections.

Question fifty nine. If You Uninstall Windows Server 2003, Which Operating Systems Can You Revert To?

Answer :

Win ME, Win 98, 2000, XP. 

Note, however, that you can't upgrade from ME and ninety eight to Windows Server 2003.

Question 60. What Do You Do If Earlier Application Does Not Run On Windows Server 2003?

Answer :

When an utility that ran on an earlier legacy version of Windows cannot be loaded during the setup function or if it later malfunctions, you need to run the compatibility mode feature.

This is executed by proper-clicking the software or setup application and deciding on Properties -> Compatibility -> selecting the previously supported operating device.

Question 61. How Do You Double-boot A Win 2003 Server Box?

Answer :

The Boot.Ini file is about as study-best, system, and hidden to save you undesirable editing. To exchange the Boot.Ini timeout and default settings, use the System choice in Control Panel from the Advanced tab and choose Startup.