Interview Questions.

Question 1. What Is Active Directory?

Answer :

Active Directory gives a centralised control for community administration and protection. Server computer systems configured with Active Directory are known as area controllers. Active Directory stores all data and settings for a deployment in a imperative database, and lets in directors to assign rules and installation and update software program.

Question 2. What Is A Domain?

Answer :

A domain is described as a logical institution of community objects (computers, users, gadgets) that proportion the equal Active Directory database. A tree may have more than one domain names.

Networking Interview Questions
Question 3. What Is Domain Controller?

Answer :

A area controller (DC) or community area controller is a Windows-based totally computer system that is used for storing user account information in a principal database. It is the centrepiece of the Windows Active Directory provider that authenticates customers, shops person account records and enforces safety policy for a Windows area.

A domain controller permits gadget administrators to provide or deny users get entry to to system assets, which includes printers, documents, folders, network locations, and many others., via a single username and password.

Question 4. What Is Group Policy?

Answer :

Group Policy allows you to put into effect unique configurations for users and computer systems. Group Policy settings are contained in Group Policy objects (GPOs), which might be related to the following Active Directory carrier containers: websites, domain names, or organizational gadgets (OUs).

Networking Tutorial
Question 5. What Are Gpos (group Policy Objects)?

Answer :

A Group Policy Object (GPO) is a collection of settings that manage the running surroundings of user bills and pc bills. GPOs define registry-based totally policies, protection alternatives, software set up and protection options, script options, and folder redirection alternatives.

There are  forms of Group Policy objects:

Local Group Policy objects are saved on individual computer systems.
Nonlocal Group Policy items, which can be stored on a site controller, are available handiest in an Active Directory environment.
Network Security Interview Questions
Question 6. What Is Ldap?

Answer :

A GLDAP (Light-Weight Directory Access Protocol) determines how an item in an Active Directory should be named. LDAP is the industry popular listing get entry to protocol, making Active Directory extensively on hand to management and question packages. Active Directory supports LDAPv2 and LDAPv3.

Question 7. Where Is The Ad Database Stored?

Answer :

The AD database is stored in C:WindowsNTDSNTDS.DIT.

Network Security Tutorial Active Directory Interview Questions
Question eight. What Is The Sysvol Folder?

Answer :

The SYSVOL folder stores the server copy of the domain’s public documents that should be shared for not unusual access and replication at some point of a site.

All AD databases are stored in a SYSVOL folder and it’s only created in an NTFS partition. The Active Directory Database is saved inside the %SYSTEM ROOTpercentNDTS folder.

Question 9. What Is Garbage Collection?

Answer :

Garbage series is the web defragmentation of the Active Directory which happens every 12 hours.

Windows Administration Interview Questions
Question 10. When Do We Use Wds?

Answer :

Windows Deployment Services is a server position used to deploy Windows operating systems remotely. WDS is particularly used for network-primarily based OS installations to set up new computer systems.

Question 11. What Are Main Email Servers And Which Are Their Ports?

Answer :

Email servers can be of two kinds:

Incoming Mail Server (POP3, IMAP, HTTP): The incoming mail server is the server associated with an e mail cope with account. There cannot be multiple incoming mail server for an e mail account. In order to download your emails, you should have the perfect settings configured for your electronic mail consumer software.

Outgoing Mail Server (SMTP): Most outgoing mail servers use SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) for sending emails. The outgoing mail server can belong to your ISP or to the server in which you setup your e-mail account.

The predominant e mail ports are:
POP3 – port one hundred ten
IMAP – port 143
SMTP – port 25
HTTP – port 80
Secure SMTP (SSMTP) – port 465
Secure IMAP (IMAP4-SSL) – port 585
IMAP4 over SSL (IMAPS) – port 993
Secure POP3 (SSL-POP) – port 995

Red Hat Linux System Administration Interview Questions
Question 12. What Do Forests, Trees, And Domains Mean?

Answer :

Forests, trees, and domains are the logical divisions in an Active Directory community.

A area is described as a logical organization of community items (computers, customers, devices) that proportion the equal energetic listing database.

A tree is a collection of 1 or more domain names and area timber in a contiguous namespace related in a transitive trust hierarchy.

At the pinnacle of the structure is the wooded area. A forest is a collection of bushes that proportion a commonplace international catalog, directory schema, logical structure, and listing configuration. The forest represents the security boundary within which customers, computers, businesses, and other gadgets are on hand.

Networking Interview Questions
Question thirteen. Why Do We Use Dhcp?

Answer :

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol assigns dynamic IP addresses to network gadgets letting them have a one of a kind IP deal with each time they may be linked to the community.

Question 14. What Are Lingering Objects?

Answer :

A lingering object is a deleted AD item that also remains at the restored domain controller in its nearby reproduction of Active Directory. They can occur when modifications are made to directories after system backups are created.

When restoring a backup record, Active Directory generally calls for that the backup report be no more than one hundred eighty days antique. This can manifest if, after the backup became made, the item became deleted on any other DC greater than a hundred and eighty days ago.

Question 15. How Can We Remove Lingering Objects?

Answer :

Windows Server 2003 and 2008 have the ability to manually dispose of lingering items using the console software command REPADMIN.EXE.

HP-ux 11iv3 gadget administration Interview Questions
Question sixteen. Why Should You Not Restore A Dc That Was Backed Up 6 Months Ago?

Answer :

When restoring a backup file, Active Directory typically requires that the backup document be no greater than 180 days antique. If you try and repair a backup this is expired, you can face problems due to lingering items.

Question 17. How Do You Backup Ad?

Answer :

Backing up Active Directory is essential to maintain the right fitness of the AD database.

Windows Server 2003: You can backup Active Directory by way of the use of the NTBACKUP tool that comes built-in with Windows Server 2003 or use any 3rd-birthday party tool that supports this feature.

Windows Server 2008: In Server 2008, there isn’t an choice to backup the System State records through the ordinary backup utility. We need to use the command line to backup Active Directory.

1. Open up your command activate by means of clicking Start, typing “cmd” and then hit Enter.
2. In your command prompt, kind “wbadmin start systemstatebackup -backuptarget:e:” and press Enter.
Three. Input “y” and press Enter to begin the backup process.

When the backup procedure has finished you have to get a message that the backup finished correctly. If it did now not entire well you'll want to troubleshoot.

Network Administrator Interview Questions
Question 18. What Experience Do You Have With Hardware Components?

Answer :

Installation and substitute are some of the maximum frequently performed operations with hardware. Sometimes a system administrator would possibly want to rebuild a hardware factor.

Network Security Interview Questions
Question 19. Give An Example Of Systems You Have Been Working With As An Administrator?

Answer :

These generally are: Windows and Linux, which guide either Asset Management or GIS. Typical duties encompass engineering, assist and renovation, and research for the cause of innovation and upgrading.

Question 20. What Are The Personal Characteristics Of A System Administrator?

Answer :

System directors are professionals at handling hardware and software. They are quick with both their fingers and their head. They can work by myself, however they recognise whilst and how to communicate with others, whether to report issues, research data had to restore troubles, or coach personnel regarding technical problems.

Database Administration Interview Questions
Question 21. What Role Do Characteristics Such As Assertiveness And Problem Solving Play In The Career Of A System Administrator?

Answer :

Analytical questioning and hassle fixing is important to have the ability to research software program or hardware malfunction. They also are vital so one can enhance or improve structures so they suit employer needs. Assertiveness also performs a function because directors have to make decisions. They decide on solutions, security features, and such things as gadget improvements.

Question 22. Is Team-paintings Part Of A System Administrator’s Typical Day?

Answer :

Administrators are commonly referred to as in to provide technical guide for groups running on a assignment. Support would possibly imply technical troubleshooting or the development and rationalization of technological strategy on the subject of the task goals and way.

Question 23. Differentiate Between Ntfs & Fat?

Answer :

NTFS is the current file device used by Windows. It offers functions like protection permissions (to limit different customers' get right of entry to to folders), quotas (so one user can't fill up the disk), shadowing (backing up) and many other functions that help Windows.

FAT32 is the older Microsoft filesystem, typically used by the Windows 9X line and Window will be hooked up on a FAT32 parition up to XP. In comparision, FAT32 gives none of what was referred to above, and also has a maximum FILE (now not folder) size of 4GB, that is form of small nowadays, particularly with regard to HD video.

Hadoop Administration Interview Questions
Question 24. What Is Voip?

Answer :

VOIP :Short for Voice Over Internet Protocol, a category of hardware and software that permits human beings to use the Internet because the transmission medium for telephone calls by means of sending voice information in packets the usage of IP in place of by using traditional circuit transmissions.

Active Directory Interview Questions
Question 25. What Is Loop Back?

Answer :

Loopback address is 127.Zero.Zero.1, An cope with that sends outgoing alerts lower back to the same computer for trying out. 

Question 26. What Is Proxy Server?

Answer :

A proxy server is a laptop that acts as a gateway between a local community (e.G., all of the computers at one enterprise or in one constructing) and a larger-scale community consisting of the Internet. Proxy servers offer accelerated performance and protection. In a few cases, they screen employees' use of out of doors assets.

Windows Server Support Interview Questions
Question 27. Differentiate Between Firewall/antivirus?

Answer :

Antivirus: The high task of an anivirus is defend your gadget from laptop viruses. Your computer can be standalone or part of network or related to Internet you want an antivirus application. It actively monitors whilst you are the use of your gadget for any virus risk from exceptional sources. If it located one it tries to smooth or quarantine the virus in the end retaining your gadget and facts safe.

Firewall: Firewall is in different hand a program which protects your system from outsider/intruder/hacker assaults. These assaults won't be virus kind. In a few instances hackers can take manage of your machine remotely and thieve your data or critical records from device. If your device is immediately related to internet or a large community than you could deploy a software firewall to your PC to protect yourself from unauthorized get entry to. Firewall is available both in software program or in hardware shape. For a single PC you may want a software firewall even as a massive company implements hardware firewall to guard all of their structures from such assaults.

Windows Administration Interview Questions
Question 28. What Is Apipa?

Answer :

Stands for Automatic Private IP Addressing

APIPA is a DHCP fail over mechanism for nearby networks. With APIPA, DHCP clients can acquire IP addresses while DHCP servers are non-purposeful. 

APIPA exists in all current variations of Windows except Windows NT. When a DHCP server fails, APIPA allocates IP addresses inside the personal range 169.254.Zero.1 to 169.254.255.254.

Question 29. What Is Wins Server?

Answer :

Windows Internet Name Service (WINS) servers dynamically map IP addresses to pc names (NetBIOS names). This permits customers to get entry to resources by pc call rather than through IP address. If you want this laptop to hold song of the names and IP addresses of other computer systems on your network, configure this pc as a WINS server.

If you do not use WINS in this type of network, you can not connect to a far off network resource by way of the use of its NetBIOS name.

Windows Server Administration Interview Questions
Question 30. What Is The Windows Registry?

Answer :

The Windows Registry, generally referred to as "the registry," is a set of databases of configuration settings in Microsoft Windows running structures.