Interview Questions.

Question 1. What Are Solar Water Pumps?

Answer :

A solar water pump or a solar photovoltaic water pumping machine is a gadget powered by solar energy. It is similar to the conventional electric pump with the only exception that it uses solar electricity in place of fossil fuel or power. It includes one or greater sun panels, also referred to as solar photovoltaic modules, a motor pump set, digital controls or a controller tool to operate the pump, the specified hardware and in a few instances, different items like inverters, batteries, and so forth.

Question 2. What Is The Use Of Solar Water Pumps?

Answer :

A sun water pump is used for extracting water from ponds, rivers, bore wells or different sources of water that are then used to fulfill the water necessities for irrigation, network water deliver, cattle and other purposes.

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Question three. How Does Solar Water Pump Work?

Answer :

As mentioned earlier, it works like another pump set with the most effective difference being the solar electricity used as opposed to nonrenewable power for its operation. When sunlight falls on the solar panels it produces direct modern (DC) which then feeds the motor to pump out the water. However, inside the case in which the motor requires an alternating current (AC), the DC produced through solar panels is converted to AC the usage of an inverter.

Question four. How Are Solar Water Pumps More Useful Than Conventional Electric Pumps?

Answer :

The advantages of sun water pumps over conventional electric powered pumps are given underneath:

Solar water pumps do now not require any fuel or power to function. Once installed, solar water pumps do no longer incur the habitual costs of power or gasoline.
Does no longer get affected by power cuts, low voltage, single phase problems or the motor burning.
Can be set up in remote regions wherein power is unavailable or diesel is hard you obtain.
Incurs low renovation costs as solar water pumps have fewer shifting components as compared to a diesel-powered pump and consequently, fewer chances of damage and tear.
No lubricants are required for operation and subsequently no possibilities of water/soil infection due to the lubricants.
Easy to perform.
Question five. What Are The Different Types Of Solar Water Pumps?

Answer :

There are numerous distinctive types of sun-powered pumps relying on how they were categorized. But basically there are four varieties of solar water pumps--submersible pumps and surface pumps, direct modern (DC) pumps and change present day (AC) pumps.

Submersible pumps: As the name suggests, a submersible pump is located deep under the ground degree and remains submerged beneath water. The suction head of the submersible pump is beyond a depth of 10 metres. The set up of those pumps is completed by means of digging a borewell, which ends up in an boom in its set up and maintenance cost. 

Surface pumps: The surface pumps stays out of water and within the open. They are set up in which the water table is inside a intensity of 10 metres. As they need to be on the surface, these pumps are less difficult to install and hold. They are, but, now not apt for deep water desk.

DC pump: This pump runs on a motor which operates on direct present day, consequently no battery or inverter is needed on this kind of pump. 

AC pump: The motor of this pump operates on alternating cutting-edge, this means that the direct present day produced through the solar panels gets converted to AC using the inverter. The conversion from DC to AC results in loss of strength from era and consumption.

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Question 6. How Does One Know If They Should Use A Submersible Or A Surface Pump?

Answer :

The choice is based at the groundwater degree and the water supply. In the case of a borewell with a water table deeper than 10-15 metres, a submersible pump is used. If it is an open properly, pond, and many others, then the usage of a floor pump is higher. Also, the floor pump is installed whilst the water degree is less than 10 metres. 

Based on the type, the subsequent kinds of motor pump sets are to be had:

Surface installed motor pump set
Submersible motor pump set
Floating motor pump set
Any different form of motor pump set after approval from check centres of the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy.
Question 7. Which Is Better--a Dc Or An Ac Pump?

Answer :

Although DC pumps have an advantage over AC pumps in phrases of higher efficiency and no requirement of an inverter for operation, the cost of DC pumps is higher. Also, the restore and upkeep of DC pumps are hard in rural and far off areas due to loss of carrier centres in these regions.

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Question 8. Are There Any Criteria For Selecting Where To Install The Solar Water Pump Sets?

Answer :

Yes, there are positive standards for deciding on the region for both the sun panels and the pump. In the case of the solar panels, they should be established in a place that's coloration free and has no dust or dirt, has a low prevalence of fowl droppings and which could provide area for unrestricted tracking motion (preserving the orientation of the solar panels inside the path of maximum sun irradiation). Also, the surface where the panels are installed should be even. Panels ought to be without problems reachable for cleaning and ought to be as near as possible to the pump and water source. 

The pumps ought to be placed near the solar panels however inside the vicinity to be irrigated. The suction raise for the pump must be low. If there are more than one water sources, the source with the very best water desk must be selected for putting the pump.

Question nine. How Much Area Can A System Irrigate?

Answer :

Generally, it is said that a 2 HP pump can cater to about  acres of land and a 7.Five HP is said to cater to ten acres of land, but this data vary depending at the groundwater levels and the kind of irrigation required for a particular crop.

Question 10. What Are The Capacities At Which Solar Water Pumps Are Available And What Is The Average Discharge?

Answer :

The motor pump set for irrigation and domestic drinking water should have a potential within the variety of zero.1 HP to five HP. Although, municipal and rural network programs could pick out a better ability solar pump. 

For a DC motor pump set, the discharge varies from 14 - one hundred litres of water in keeping with watt peak of PV array even as for AC motor pump, the release varies from thirteen - 19 litre of water according to watt peak of PV. The average discharge, however, depends on solar depth, region, season and different elements.

Question 11. Once Installed, Is It Possible To Relocate The Solar Pump System?

Answer :

Relocation of the solar pump device is not recommended. However, the system may be relocated the use of a mobile mounting platform however the process is high-priced and might additionally motive harm to the machine.

Question 12. Does Solar Water Pump Work During Cloudy And Foggy Days?

Answer :

No. Lack of sunlight affects the working of sun water pumps. On such days, but, a hybrid power supply may be given to the pump. The pump can be connected to the nation strength grid or a diesel generator set after making right changes inside the controller. But such an arrangement need to be made only after consulting the producer of the solar water pump.

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Question 13. Can Hail Storm And/or Lighting Lead To The Damage Of The Panels? What Precautions Should Be Taken During Cyclones/storms To Save The Panels?

Answer :

The present day day sun panels have good enough safety functions and are very unlikely to be damaged by way of a hail storm. However, in rare cases, an immediate lightning strike would possibly reason considerable damage to the solar panels. But the hazard of a lightning strike may be mitigated by means of the mixing of an external lightning protection device with the solar array. 

During a hurricane or a cyclone, the panel gets damaged handiest if the floor on which it is set up collapses. In regions susceptible to cyclones and storms, special attention must receive to constructing strong foundations for the set up of a hard and fast panel. Also, as a precaution at some point of storms or cyclones, the array need to be saved horizontally at one hundred eighty levels in order that minimal resistance is offered to the wind.

Question 14. What Maintenance Is Required For A Solar Powered Pump? Does The Performance Of The Solar Water Pumps Get Affected Over The Years Of Use?

Answer :

The system needs very minimal preservation which incorporates cleaning of the panels on a normal foundation. Cleaning keeps the efficiency of the panel with out which the panel’s surface gets reduced exposure to irradiation from the dirt and dirt on it. 

In evaluation to diesel pumps, sun water pumps have a substantially longer lifestyles expectancy and maintain to supply strength for even longer than 25 years.