Interview Questions.

Question 1. What Is A Protocol?

Answer :

When computer systems or networking gadgets (like routers, switches) talk, they use one-of-a-kind languages like humans do. The policies and policies observed through these devices to speak are known as as protocols.

Protocols are proposed and standardized with the aid of corporations like IETF, IEEE, W3C, ISO, ANSI, ITU etc.

Question 2. What Is Protocol Testing?

Answer :

Protocol checking out is a branch of software checking out which deals with the trying out of programs (protocols) used in networking and telecom devices.

When a protocol is established, a software program is advanced which obeys these regulations and paintings as referred to within the trendy. This software program program is then incorporated with different programs to form working system (of routers/switches/firewall and so on) . Verification of the guidelines noted in preferred, packet structure, functionalities, performance , use instances and so on of this software program program is known as as protocol checking out

This is sort of a Manager validating if the assistant has drafted the letter in a right format and with correct grammar and approves or rejects the communication.

Protocol trying out is likewise referred to as datacom checking out or L2 L3 conversation protocol trying out.

Switching Interview Questions
Question 3. What Are Protocol Categories?

Answer :

Category:

Routing or L3 Protocols
Switching or L2 protocols
Security protocols
VoIP protocols
Application layer protocols
Transport layer protocols
Wireless Protocols
Protocols:

OSPF, BGP, RIP, EIGRP, ISIS
STP, RSTP, MSTP, VTP, IEEE 802. 1q, LACP, LAGP
IPSec, GRE, IEEE 802.1x, SSL
SIP, H323, h348, MGCP, RTP, RTCP
DHCP, DNS, FTP, SNMP, SMTP, SSH, NTP
TCP, UDP, SCTP, DCCP, RSVP
IEEE 802.11g, 802.11n, 802.11ac
Question 4. Which Are The Different Types Of Protocol Testing?

Answer :

Conformance trying out
Functional trying out
Performance trying out
Scalability checking out
Load trying out
Negative checking out
User sceanario trying out
Interoperability checking out
Interoperability checking out
Competitive checking out
Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) Tutorial
Question 5. What Is The Difference Between Datacom Testing And Telecom Testing?

Answer :

Datacom trying out:

Datacom testing deals with testing of protocols and features of gadgets utilized in data conversation consisting of routers, switches, firewalls etc.

Telecom checking out:

Telecom testing offers with trying out of protocols utilized in telecommunication like 3G, 4G, and LTE and so forth.

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Question 6. What Is The Difference Between Manual Testing And Automation?

Answer :

In datacom trying out, if a tester is sporting out tasks like configuring the routers/switches, taking pictures packets using tools like wire shark, producing traffic the use of gear like Ixexplorer, router tester and so forth we will don't forget that as manual trying out.

Automated Testing is carried with the assist of scripting languages like TCL, Python, Perl or any automation software’s like I automate, Spirent Test Center and so forth.

Question 7. What Is The Difference Between Protocol Testing And Software Testing?

Answer :

Protocol testing and software checking out cannot be treated as  streams, protocol checking out is indeed a subdomain of software testing . Though the checking out kinds (purposeful, overall performance, negative and many others) are same, the equipment used and the approach of trying out are different.

When a tester is checking out a router or a switch, he /she is infact trying out a program that is part of the working device of that tool. So protocol checking out isn't the trying out of bodily device , but it's far testing of a software program in it.

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Question 8. Which Are The Testing Tools Used In Datacom Testing?

Answer :

Traffic turbines:

Traffic mills are used to create and send custom designed packets. Customization includes converting the contents of the headers, setting the size, speed, wide variety of packets, generating unique streams of packets and many others. IxNetwork, Spirent Smart Bits, Ostinato, Scapy, Hping, IPerf etc are some of the visitors mills used in the protocol checking out enterprise.

Capturing equipment:

Capturing tools are used to seize and examine the packets ship/acquired inside the interfaces. Tools like Wire shark, Tshark, Scapy, TcpDump can be used to test the header structure, size the contents of the captured packets.

Simulators:

Simulators are used to create digital routers/switches to setup topologies with many gadgets for you to be difficult to setup if we're the usage of bodily gadgets. IxNetwork, Spirent Test Center etc may be used to simulate virtual device.

Question nine. What Is Regression Testing?

Answer :

Regression testing is commonly finished when a program or software is modified; this is to test the changes are not creating new insects. Repeated execution of take a look at scripts is a common manner of doing regression trying out in most of the businesses. Regression checking out additionally had executed while a trying out venture starts offevolved and when it ends. Regression trying out the usage of take a look at scripts from automation framework at the beginning of mission helps in locating insects in preliminary phase.

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Question 10. What Is The Difference Between Unit Testing And System Testing?

Answer :

Unit testing is software program trying out approach by means of which individual devices of supply code is examined. This can also be checking out of a whole module or a hard and fast of features.

System checking out is executed at the complete device after integrating all the modules or capabilities. Protocol checking out is commonly done a part of machine trying out technique.

Question eleven. What Is Agile Testing Method?

Answer :

Rather than doing the trying out method after software program is completely evolved, Agile checking out process does testing together with improvement method. This helps in locating insects all through the development section itself and allows in reducing the overall time of the project.

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Question 12. What Is The Difference Between White Box, Black Box And Grey Box Testing?

Answer :

White box trying out involves checking out of internal working of an utility rather checking out the functionality or performance of the software. This requires programming competencies because the tester is supposed to walk thru the code and the test whole application flow.

Black field checking out is a software checking out method where the general capability of the software program is examined with out thinking about the inner working. A black container tester want no longer understand the internal shape and need no longer have programming skills.

In gray field testing, tester could be partly privy to inner running and average functionalities of the software. Tester will try to find bugs associated with improper inner structure or fallacious utilization of software.

Switching Interview Questions
Question thirteen. What Do These Acronyms Stand For Dut, Sut, Uut, Aut, Rut, Put, Pr, And Ut?

Answer :

DUT – Device underneath Test
SUT – System underneath Test
UUT – Unit beneath Test
AUT – Application under Test
RUT – Router below Test
PUT – Port below Test
PR – Problem Report
UT – Unit Test
Question 14. What Is A Test Plan?

Answer :

Test plan is a document detailing take a look at coverage, goal, features to be examined or not tested, method, check techniques, software program/hardware requirements and so on.

Question 15. What Is A Test Case?

Answer :

A test case is a record detailing a hard and fast of check inputs, preconditions, topology, execution steps and anticipated end result.

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Question sixteen. What Is Software Bug?

Answer :

A software program worm is coding mistakes or a flaw in pc software. If a bug is present in the code, take a look at case execution will fail and we will now not get expected results.

Question 17. What Is The Difference Between Bug Severity And Bug Priority?

Answer :

Bug severity represents how awful the bug has affected the code. It is expressing the depth of the impact of bug within the everyday operating of software.

When bugs are raised, builders will restore them in step with the malicious program priorities. Bug precedence represents how vital and urgent it's far to restoration a computer virus.

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Question 18. What Is A Functional Specification Document?

Answer :

Functional specification file (or simply Spec in quick) is file that describes the specified working of all functions, performance, skills and each characteristic that the utility ought to carry out.

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