Interview Questions.

Question 1. What Are The Post Troubleshooting Steps?

Answer :

AMI BIOS beep codes
Award BIOS beep codes
Dell beep codes
IBM BIOS beep codes
Macintosh startup tones
Phoenix BIOS beep codes
Motherboard help
Question 2. Explain About Laptop Battery?

Answer :

A battery is a hardware aspect that components power to a tool, allowing that tool to work with out a power cord. Batteries are often able to powering a computer computer for several hours relying on how a good deal energy it calls for. Today, many high-end gadgets inclusive of pc laptops and mobile phones use rechargeable batteries that permit a consumer to recharge the battery once depleted of electricity. In the image below, is an example of what a laptop battery may also seem like when removed from the computer with a near-up of the battery score.

Computer Hardware Interview Questions
Question three. What Is Cnr?

Answer :

Communication and Network Riser, CNR is a specification that supports Audio, Modem, USB, and LAN interfaces of center common sense chipsets. This technology and the CNR slot became first added via Intel February 7, 2000 and became specifically evolved by using main hardware and software program developers who helped launch the AMR (Audio Modem Riser) slot. In the image under is an instance of a CNR slot, that is categorized as “CNR_SLOT” on this motherboard.

Question 4. What Is The Term Scsi Mean?

Answer :

Small Computer System Interface, SCSI is stated as “Scuzzy” and is one of the most commonly used interface for disk drives that become first completed in 1982. Unlike competing requirements, SCSI is able to supporting 8 devices, or sixteen gadgets with Wide SCSI. However, with the SCSI host adapter placed on ID number 07 and boots from the ID 00. This leaves the availability of six tool connections. In the photograph underneath, is an instance of a SCSI adapter expansion card with an inner and outside connection. Once set up within the laptop this adapter could allow a couple of SCSI devices to be established within the laptop. More superior motherboard can also have available SCSI connections on the motherboard.

Software Engineering Tutorial
Question five. What Is The Term Vl Bus Mean?

Answer :

Alternatively abbreviated as VLB, VL Bus is short for VESA (Video Electronics Standards Association) Local Bus first brought by means of VESA in 1992. The VLB is a 32-bit laptop bus that had direct access to the gadget memory at the rate of the processor, generally the 486 CPU (33/40 MHz). VLB 2.0 was later released in 1994 and had a sixty four-bit bus and a bus pace of 50 MHz. Unfortunately, because the VLB heavily trusted the 486 processor, whilst the Pentium processor became added producers began switching to PCI.

Software Engineering Interview Questions
Question 6. What Is The Term Mca Mean?

Answer :

Micro Channel Architecture, MCA was introduced by means of IBM in 1987 as a competitor to the ISA bus. MCA offered numerous additional capabilities over the ISA inclusive of a 32-bit bus (further to a 16-bit bus), it ran at 10MHz, mechanically configured cards (similar to what Plug-and-Play is nowadays), and included bus learning for greater efficiency.

Question 7. What Is The Term Pci Mean?

Answer :

Peripheral Component Interconnect, PCI was brought via Intel in 1992. The PCI bus came in each 32-bit (133MBps) and 64-bit variations and changed into used to connect hardware to a laptop. Although normally used in computer systems from the past due 1990s to the early 2000s, PCI has for the reason that been changed with PCI Express.

Wireless Communication Tutorial Mac OS X Deployment Interview Questions
Question 8. List The Types Of Mini Pci?

Answer :

Type I:

Identical to type II, except calls for more cables for connectors like the RJ-eleven and RJ-forty five. However, gives greater flexibility to in which it may be placed inside the computer.

Type II:

Used while length is not critical. Type II can combine the RJ-11 and RJ-45 connectors and did away with more cables.

Type III:

SO-DIMM fashion connector that can be set up with a trifling 5 mm universal top above the gadget board. Cabling to the I/O connectors also allow kind III playing cards to be positioned anywhere in the machine.

Question nine. What Is Mini Pci?

Answer :

Mini PCI is a preferred utilized by leading pocket book manufacturers that measures 2.75-inches x 1.Eighty one-inches x 0.22-inches. This technology ought to allow manufacturers to lower their fees, as the motherboards could be less difficult to design.

Hardware and Networking Interview Questions
Question 10. What Is The Term Isa Mean?

Answer :

Industry Standard Architecture, ISA changed into added by means of IBM and headed by way of Mark Dean. ISA became at the start an 8-bit computer bus that was later multiplied to a sixteen-bit bus in 1984. When this bus was firstly launched it was a proprietary bus, which allowed best IBM to create peripherals and the real interface. However, in the early 1980’s other producers have been developing the bus.

In 1993, Intel and Microsoft delivered a PnP ISA bus that allowed the computer to robotically hit upon and setup laptop ISA peripherals, which includes a modem or sound card. Using the PnP technology, an stop-person could have the capability of connecting a device and not having to configure the device using jumpers or dip switches.

All current computers today no longer included the ISA slots and as a substitute are the usage of more PCI, AGP, and different slots. Below is a image of what an ISA growth card may appear to be as well as the slot it connects into at the motherboard.

Question 11. What Is The Term Eisa Mean?

Answer :

Short for Extended Industry Standard Architecture, EISA or Extended ISA is a general first introduced in September of 1988 for IBM compatible computer systems that competed with the MCA bus. The EISA bus is found on Intel 80386, 80486 and early Pentium computers and became designed by way of 9 competition. These competition have been AST Research, Compaq, Epson, Hewlett Packard, NEC, Olivetti, Tandy, WYSE, and Zenith Data Systems.

The EISA bus provided 32-bit slots at an eight.33 MHz cycle rate for use with 386DX or better processors. EISA also can accommodate a 16-bit ISA card within the first row.

Desktop Support Interview Questions
Question 12. What Is Amr?

Answer :

Released September 8, 1998, AMR is short for Audio/Modem Riser and lets in OEMs to make one card that has the functionality of either Modem or Audio or each Audio and Modem on one card. This specification permits for the motherboard to be manufactured at a lower price and free up enterprise fashionable growth slots in the machine for different extra plug-in peripherals. The image an instance of what the AMR slot looks like on the Motherboard. This slot is frequently on the a long way edge of the motherboard, next to a PCI slot.

Computer Hardware Interview Questions
Question 13. What Is Agp Pro?

Answer :

AGP Pro is an AGP interface extension specification for advanced workstations. This specification offers extra electricity to video cards, consists of extended connector, thermal envelope, mechanical specs, I/O bracket, and motherboard format necessities.

Question 14. Described About Agp Channel?

Answer :

The AGP channel is 32-bits wide and runs at 66 MHz, which is a total bandwidth of 266 MBps and plenty greater than the PCI bandwidth of up to 133 MBps. AGP also helps two optional quicker modes, with a throughput of 533 MBps and 1.07 GBps. It also permits 3-D textures to be stored in foremost reminiscence in place of video reminiscence.

Each computer with AGP help will either have one AGP slot or on-board AGP video. If you wished multiple video card in the pc, you could have one AGP video card and one PCI video card or use a motherboard that supports SLI.

AGP is available in three distinctive versions, the authentic AGP model cited above, AGP 2.Zero that was delivered in May of 1998, and AGP three.0 (AGP 8x) that become introduced in November of 2000. AGP 2.0 added 4x signaling and was capable of running at 1.5V and AGP three.0 changed into capable of double the switch speeds.

Question 15. What Is Bus?

Answer :

When regarding a computer, the bus additionally known as the deal with bus, statistics bus, or nearby bus is a data connection between two or more devices linked to the computer. For example, a bus enables a laptop processor to talk with the reminiscence or a video card to talk with the reminiscence.

DTP(Desktop publishing) Interview Questions
Question sixteen. What Laptop Bus Contains?

Answer :

The bus includes a couple of wires (sign lines) that include addressing records that describes the reminiscence region of where the information is being sent or where it's far being retrieved. Each cord inside the bus contains a single little bit of information, this means that the extra wires a bus has the greater records it could deal with. For instance, a pc with a 32-bit deal with bus can cope with 4GB of memory, and a computer with a 36-bit bus can cope with 64GB of reminiscence.

Question 17. What Is Agp?

Answer :

Short for Accelerated Graphics Port, AGP is a complicated port designed for Video cards and 3-D accelerators. Designed by Intel and delivered in August of 1997, AGP introduces a dedicated factor-to-point channel that allows the graphics controller direct get right of entry to to the gadget memory. Below is an illustration of what the AGP slot can also appear to be for your motherboard.

LanDesk Interview Questions
Question 18. Define Computer Post And Beep Codes?

Answer :

The laptop POST (energy-on self-take a look at) assessments a pc’s inner hardware for compatibility and connection before starting the remainder of the boot procedure. If the pc passes the POST, the computer might also provide a unmarried beep (some computer systems may additionally beep twice) because it starts and preserve to boot. However, if the laptop fails the POST, the laptop will either now not beep or generate a beep code that tells the user the source of the hassle.

Software Engineering Interview Questions
Question 19. List The Different Kinds Of Battery Technologies?

Answer :

There are specific battery technology that permit a battery to work. Below is a listing of a number of the fundamental sorts you’re maximum likely to encounter.

LI-ION (Lithium Ion)
Li-polymer (Lithium Polymer)
NICD (Nickel-Cadmium)
NIMH (Nickel-Metal Hydride)
Question 20. What Is Apm?

Answer :

Short for superior electricity management, APM is an Application Program Interface (API) evolved by way of Microsoft and Intel to permit laptop and BIOS producers to encompass Power Management.

Citrix Xen Desktop Interview Questions
Question 21. What Is Laptop Screen?

Answer :

It is possible for a faulty display electronics to result in the backlight failing to light up. This is uncommon but can take place and if you have eradicated the preceding objects is the best possibility left.

Question 22. Described About Motherboard?

Answer :

The motherboard sends a signal to the inverter board telling it while to switch the backlight on. If there is a fault on the motherboard then the inverter board will now not acquire a sign and consequently not switch the backlight on. It may be possible to check the input voltages to the inverter board with a multimeter however if you have eliminated the preceding items I actually have observed this to be pretty a commom fault. NB If you connect your computer to an external screen and get a great image this best proves that the video card is OK, there may want to nonetheless be a fault on the motherboard that is preventing your screen from illuminating.

Question 23. Define Lcd/inverter Cable?

Answer :

Check this cable carefully for harm specially within the hinge vicinity and make sure the connectors have now not labored unfastened. It is feasible for the wires to interrupt internally without a obvious signs and symptoms of harm so take a look at the continuity of the cables. A faulty LCD cable can even bring about your laptop not switching on.

Dell Oracle Interview Questions
Question 24. A Question I Am Often Asked Is “how Can I Tell If The Back Light Or Inverter Has Failed On My Laptop/reveal As I Can Only Just Make Out An Image?

Answer :

The solution is that there are numerous causes of a dim show or the failure of a backlight to illuminate the screen. As most of the people are conscious, inverter and backlight failure are the maximum commonplace. Other causes are:- a defective or broken LCD/Inverter cable, Faulty motherboard and a faulty screen.

Mac OS X Deployment Interview Questions
Question 25. What Are Inverters?

Answer :

We now come to an object which could only be examined by a certified electronics engineer or definitely substituted. There is usually a small fuse positioned near the input connector. Check this for continuity. Depending on the inverter there may be numerous inputs however it is really worth checking the enter voltages. Basically you'll have a effective and terrible feed plus a switching voltage and a brightness connection.

The basic voltage for powering the inverter is usually the same as you computer input voltage but the switching voltage may be as low as 5 volts DC. The brightness voltage may be some thing from 0 to five volts however normally full brightness is acheived with 0 volts so don’t worry about this. Unfortunately inverters regularly have up to twenty or greater connections and might comprise circuits which show battery rate popularity, on/off reputation and almost some thing else you care to call! As wiring diagrams are rarely to be had its not possible to know which connection does what. It is viable through a technique of elimination to work out the primary nice and poor terminals and you may frequently discover there are numerous of those but the relaxation is natural guesswork.

If you have an analogue multimeter, set it to the best AC studying (usually 1000V) and take a look at for an output from the inverter. Initial start up voltage will likely exceed 1000 volts however ordinary going for walks voltage have to be under 1000 volts relying on the size of your screen. Look for a voltage in the vicinity of four hundred – 900 volts. Obviously if you are getting a good voltage here then your backlight has failed. Otherwise I am afraid it's far a case of changing with a regarded accurate inverter to see if this healing procedures the problem. (If every person knows of a foolproof manner to check an inverter please enlighten me)

Question 26. How To Test Back Lights?

Answer :

Backlights may be examined by connecting them to a acknowledged accurate inverter. You can use one of the inverters they sell for case moding. Just offer a 12V input for it and join your backlight to one of the output sockets. If your backlight illuminates then it is OK and the fault lies somewhere else. A red or red hue to the display screen is sort of constantly a signal of a failing backlight and if this occurs it's far well really worth changing the backlight as the only other thing that can reason that is a faulty screen.

Remember backlights paintings on an AC Voltage of around 1000v and even though the wattage may be very small can give you an unpleasant surprise and could prove fatal if you have a pacemaker or comparable.

Dell Boomi Interview Questions
Question 27. Is It Possible To Replace The Usb Port/controller?

Answer :

The USB ports appear totally lifeless, no strength at all. It is due to the fact a few soda become spilled on it (I presume, at least, can be randomly related with some thing else). I additionally corrupted my OS X install, need to reinstall freshly. Now, I haven’t reset the SMC or PRAM but, and that’s the first thing I’ll do (however as there’s is not any 5V strength, I doubt this may repair it, accurate me if I am incorrect). However, if that is going bitter, and won’t fix the problem, what are my alternatives? Here’s how I become wondering.

Firstly, can a person inform me all the devices I ought to be seeing in the machine profiler beneath USB? Also, isn’t it so that a primary USB controller also handles the internal keyboard and iSight which still paintings perfectly, which means that simplest the ports themselves are damaged. Let’s presume so, and that the USB controller chip continues to be okay. Should I just replace (desolder antique, solder new) the girl USB ports, or ought to the hassle lie inside the connection between them and the USB controller, and if the latter, how could one move about fixing it.

Hardware and Networking Interview Questions
Question 28. How To Fix A Dv6 With Power Problem. The Problem Of Machine Is It Cannot Power Up At All?

Answer :

Doing routine check:

device power: 3V, 5V all presented – ok
NBSWON sign: three.3V offered – adequate
press electricity button, NBSWON pull down to 0V, good enough
test DNBSWON while press strength button, no response. – hassle.
In right here I made a mistake, I didn’t pay attention of the voltage of DNBSWON, this error waste me the next few days time. It ought to be 3.3V, but only about 1V.

Change EC as normal, due to the fact I idea the EC has trouble. Then the large hassle comes – it automobile power up as soon as I plug inside the electricity but prevent in zero.04A contemporary. Check and locate no S5_ON signal, which imply south bridge has problem, so exchange south bridge. But nonetheless equal trouble and nevertheless no S5_ON. I locate that the EC I exchange is kb3926A in preference to kb3926C. In most case, this is no trouble but in very uncommon occation…

So I find a 3926C and placed on. Now the motherboard is again to the identical hassle at the same time as I first begin to check! So I trade a wrong EC and this time I trade a correct one, and additionally EC has no trouble!

Because EC will begin to examine bios once the power plug in(not as humans suppose, after you press strength button). I take a look at BIOS chip, BIOS_CS have to have a countinue wave shape but it simply one stright line. BIOS chip is faulty, I update the BIOS chip and it works best.

Question 29. Dell 1525 Inspiron That Says System Does Not Recognize The Installed Battery This System Will Not Charge The Battery?

Answer :

Charging battery in Dell laptop involves  important chips: EC(or a person call it awesome IO), PWM chip for battery charging. BIOS has no a part of charging. Battery talk with EC via SMB(system control bus??) and EC controls charging PWM. Fix charging trouble may be very hard in laptop restore, you have to absolutely apprehend schematics, in which all the signals come from and where to head.

Today’s laptops are much less and much less with programmed EC, Dell 1525 has no programmed EC so it is able to be replaced with equal model.

Desktop Engineer Interview Questions
Question 30. What Are Common Faults On Main Boards?

Answer :

Different maker/model has one-of-a-kind commonplace fault. Toshiba S1 is vga chip, and may’t be repaired(nicely, almost can’t be repaired due to the fact the pcb satisfactory isn't always very good so a success price may be very low).
HP DV2000, 6000, 9000, compaq v3000, v6000, dell 1210, all those use nvidia chips have hassle on vga chip or north bridge. Smooth to repair however must make fan preserve spinning after repaired, otherwise will destroy down in 1 or 2 week again.
Hp nx5000, cpu pwm chip dry joint. Acer 290, cpu pwm dry joint.
Hp dv1000, compaq m2000 protection circuit clean to blow up.
Ibm t40 vga dry joint trouble.
These are simply few of them. Each system has its very own commonplace fault. But dry joint is the common hassle for all machines. Motherboard restore isn't as tough as people concept, i suppose an awful lot easer than restore a television.
Question 31. Would You Love To Know How To Diagnose Motherboards On A Component Level. What Tools Do You Use?

Answer :

I find it's miles very difficult to give an explanation for this. Really, it is very simple and may be described in  phrases: contemporary and singal. Study the modern change at some stage in booting tells you wherein the system stopped. Check the singals on the distinctive part of motherboard tells what is incorrect or what may also missing.

Tools are: smd transform station, bga transform station, electricity deliver has modern-day meter. All the rest equipment you could discover in any radio tv repair store.Of direction all the datasheets for the components, particularly the schematic diagram, you may find it a whole lot difficult with out it.