Interview Questions.

Question 1. What Are The Characteristics Of Negative Feedback?

Answer :

Negative Feedback in a Control System has following Characteristics

Reduction inside the benefit on the expense of higher balance of the machine
Rejection of disturbance alerts in the system
Low Sensitivity to parameter variations
Accuracy in monitoring the constant nation price
Question 2. What Are The Basic Components Of The Feedback Control System?

Answer :

Basic additives of the remarks manage device are system machine (open loop device), feedback direction detail, blunders detector, and controller.

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Question 3. Define Transfer Function?

Answer :

Transfer Function of a manage machine is defined as:

Ratio of Laplace rework of Output to the Laplace transform of the Input with 0 initial situations
Transfer feature is defined as the Laplace remodel of Impulse response of the machine with zero initial situations
Question four. What Is Time Invariant System?

Answer :

Time Invariant System is one in which the input and output traits of the gadget does no longer alternate with time.

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Question 5. What Is The Basic Rule For Block Diagram Reduction Technique?

Answer :

The regulations of the Block Diagram discount Techniques are designed in this type of way that any modifications made in the diagram will no longer adjust the input and output relation of the system.

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Question 6. Where Servomechanism Is Used?

Answer :

Servomechanism is used in control device in which the output is pertained to vary the mechanical role of a device.

Servo Mechanism is widely utilized in Governor value role manipulate mechanism used inside the electricity flowers where pace of the turbine is taken and processed the usage of the transducers and  final control detail is brought as mechanical movement of the cost. Now a days Governor cost manipulate is carried out with Electronic controls using strength Thyristors. Servomechanism is also widely used inside the robotic hand moves.

Question 7. What Is Resonant Peak?

Answer :

Resonant height is defined as the most cost of the closed loop switch characteristic.A huge resonant height corresponds to massive overshoot inside the brief respose

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Question 8. What Is Resonant Frequency?

Answer :

The frequency at which resonant peak takes place is called the resonant frequency. Resonance frequency explains about the velocity of the transient reaction.

Question nine. What Is Cut-off Rate?

Answer :

The slope of the log-magnitude curve near the reduce-off frequency is called the reduce-off charge. The cut-off charge indicates the capability of the machine to distinguish between the sign and the noise.

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Question 10. What Is Phase Cross Over Frequency?

Answer :

The frequency at which the segment of the open loop transfer feature is 180o  is referred to as the segment go over frequency.

Question 11. What Is Gain Margin?

Answer :

The Gain Margin is described as the reciprocal of the magnitude of open loop switch characteristic at phase go over frequency. The benefit margin suggests the amount by means of which the advantage of the gadget can be increased with out affecting the stability of the device

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Question 12. Phase Margin?

Answer :

The phase margin is the quantity of additional phase lag at the gain cross over frequency required to carry the system to the verge of instability.

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Question thirteen. What Is Signal Flow Graph?

Answer :

A Signal Flow Graph is a diagram that represents a set of simultaneous linear algebraic equations. By taking Laplace rework the time area differential equations governing a manipulate system can be transferred to a hard and fast of algebraic equations in s-domain. The signal Flow graph of the gadget may be constructed using those equations.

Question 14. What Is S-area And Its Significance?

Answer :

By taking Laplace rework for  differential equation inside the time area equations in S-domain can be received.    LF(t)=F(s)

S domain is used for fixing the time area differential equations effortlessly via making use of the Laplace for the differential equations.

Question 15. What Are The Basic Properties Of Signal Flow Graph?

Answer :

The basic properties of the sign go with the flow graph are:

Signal Flow Graphs are applicable to linear structures
It includes nodes and branches. A node is a factor representing a variable or sign. A branch suggests the practical dependence of 1 sign on another
A node provides the signals of all incoming branches and transmits this sum to all outgoing branches
Signals journey alongside branches best in a marked path and is increased via the benefit of the branch
The algebraic equations ought to be inside the shape of reason and impact dating
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Question sixteen. What Is Mathematical Model Of A Control System?

Answer :

Control gadget is a collection of physical factors connected collectively to serve an objective. The output and input members of the family of numerous bodily gadget are ruled by differential equations. Mathematical model of a manipulate gadget constitutes set of differential equations. The reaction of the output of the device can be studied by means of fixing the differential equations for diverse input conditions.

Question 17. Explain Mechanical Translational System?

Answer :

Model of mechanical translational device may be acquired via the use of 3 primary elements Mass, Spring and Dash-pot.

Weight the mechanical device is represented by mass and is believed to be concentrated at the middle of body.

The elastic deformation of the body can be represented by means of the spring

Friction present in a mechanical device may be represented by dash-pot.

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Question 18. What Is Order Of The System?

Answer :

Order of the gadget is defined as the order of the differential equation governing the gadget. Order of the gadget may be determined from the switch function of the gadget. Also the order of the system helps in information the quantity of poles of the switch feature. For nth order machine for a particular switch feature includes 'n' quantity of poles.

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Question 19. What Is Time Response Of The Control System?

Answer :

Time response of the manipulate machine is defined because the output of the closed loop system as a feature of time. Time response of the device may be received by solving the differential equations governing the machine or time reaction of the machine also can be received by using switch function of the device.

Question 20. How Time Response Of The System Is Divided?

Answer :

Time reaction of the device includes two elements: 1.Transient state response 2. Steady kingdom reaction. Transient reaction of the device explains about the reaction of the device while the input changes from one kingdom to the alternative. Steady nation response of the machine suggests the reaction because the time t, strategies infinity.

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Question 21. What Are Test Signals And Their Significance?

Answer :

The know-how of the input sign is needed to expect the reaction of the system. In maximum of the systems input indicators are not known in advance of the time and it is also difficult to express the enter alerts mathematically by means of simple equations. In such instances determining the overall performance of the device is not viable.Test alerts helps in predicting the overall performance of the gadget because the input indicators which we deliver are recognized hence we will see the output response of the gadget for a given input and may apprehend the conduct of the control gadget. The typically used take a look at alerts are impulse, ramp, step signals and sinusoidal alerts.

Question 22. What Is Pole Of The System?

Answer :

Pole of a function F(s) is the fee at which the characteristic F(s) turns into countless, wherein F(s) is a feature of the complex variable s.

Question 23. What Is Zero Of The System?

Answer :

Zero of a characteristic F(s) is a cost at which the feature F(s) turns into zero, wherein F(s) is a feature of complex variables.

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Question 24. What Is A System?

Answer :

When some of factors or components are linked in a sequence to perform a selected characteristic, the group of factors that all constitute a System.

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Question 25. What Is Control System?

Answer :

In a System the output and inputs are interrelated in this kind of manner that the output amount or variable is managed by enter quantity, then the sort of system is known as Control System.

The output quantity is known as managed variable or response and the enter amount is known as command sign or excitation.

Question 26. What Are Different Types Of Control Systems?

Answer :

Two foremost varieties of Control Systems are 

Open loop Control Systems: The Open loop Control System is one wherein the Output Quantity has no effect at the Input Quantity. No feedback is gift from the output quantity to the enter quantity for correction.
Closed Loop Control System: The Closed loop Control System is one wherein the comments is furnished from the Output amount to the enter amount for the correction for you to maintain the desired output of the machine.
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Question 27. What Is A Feedback In Control System?

Answer :

The Feedback in Control System in a single wherein the output is sampled and proportional sign is fed back to the enter for automated correction of the mistake ( any trade in favored output) for futher processing to get again the desired output.

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Question 28. Why Negative Feedback Is Preferred In The Control System?

Answer :

The position of Feedback on top of things system is to take the sampled output again to the enter and compare output sign with input signal for blunders ( deviation from the desired end result). 

Negative Feedback results within the higher stability of the system and rejects any disturbance signals and is much less touchy to the parameter versions. Hence in control systems bad feedback is taken into consideration.

Question 29. What Is The Effect Of Positive Feedback On Stability Of The System?

Answer :

Positive feedback isn't always used typically in the manage device because it will increase the error signal and drives the gadget to instability. But high quality feedbacks are utilized in minor loop manipulate systems to expand sure internal indicators and parameters.

Control Systems Interview Questions
Question 30. What Is The Use For Cable Entry In Control Room?

Answer :

In the procedure plant Control room built considering the non-hazardous vicinity. So in case if fire/Explosion takes location in the plant than that has to be constrained from entering Into the control room. So MCT(Multiple cable transient) blocks are used.