Interview Questions.

Question 1. What Is Application Packaging?

Answer :

Process of making an installer for an application is known as software packaging. Usually in it binary files provided by means of developers are packaged to form a package. The Main distinction between packaging and re-packaging is that the supply documents does not come inside the form of bundle in packaging wherein as in re-packaging they come in a shape of a package, which is probably MSI or legacy bundle (along with executable, batch files, and so forth).

Question 2. What Is Application Repackaging?

Answer :

Repackaging (Customized Installation) is the method of taking pictures the changes made through an Installation Program (Package) and it's far customized to assist company standards and distribution strategies.

It isn't essential to do setup capture to call it repackaging, even growing ought to files or is files can be referred to as utility repackaging.

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Question three. What Are The Steps Of Repackaging?

Answer :

Review the packaging necessities (User Requirement Review).
Analyze the seller package (Tech Review).
Repackage the utility (Setup seize).
Customize the bundle (Scripting).
Test the bundle (Testing & UAT).
Release the bundle to quit users (Deployment).
Question four. Why Repackaging Is Required & What Are The Problems In Legacy Installation?

Answer :

Most common motives for Re-packaging are as follows:

Customized Installation.
Reduce Support Costs.
Self Repair.
Source Resiliency.
Unattended Install.
The issues with Legacy Installations:

High Support Costs.
Fragile Installs & uninstalls.
Difficult & hard work Intensive to set up.
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Question five. Name Few Msi Packaging Tools?

Answer :

Wise for Windows Installer.
Wise Package Studio.
Install Shield.
SMS Installer.
Marimba.
WIX (It cannot be used for re-packaging).
Sharpdevelop.
Visual Studio.
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Question 6. Name Few Msi Re-packaging Tools?

Answer :

Wise Package Studio
Install Shield
SMS Installer
Marimba.
Question 7. Name Few Deployment Tools?

Answer :

 Radia
 CA DSM
 Altiris Client Management Suite
 Altiris Notification Server Console
 Microsoft Systems Management Server (SMS)
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Question eight. What Is Windows Installer?

Answer :

Windows Installer (previously known as Microsoft Installer) is a built-in Operating System service for Installing and Managing Applications. It gives a standard method for growing, customizing, installing and updating programs. It is an engine for the set up, renovation, and elimination of software on contemporary Microsoft Windows systems. The installation records, and regularly the documents themselves, are packaged in set up packages, loosely relational databases dependent as OLE COM Structured Storages and typically called “MSI documents”, from their default document extension. Windows Installer incorporates good sized modifications from its predecessor, Setup API.

New functions include a GUI framework and automatic era of the uninstallation collection. It is placed as an alternative to stand-on my own executable installer frameworks together with older variations of InstallShield and Wise Package Studio (later versions of both helps Windows Installer) and NSIS.

Question 9. Benefits Of The Windows Installer?

Answer :

Advertising
Installation on Demand
Repair (Self-healing)
Rollback (Transactional operations)
Managed Shared Resources
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Question 10. Msi Installation Mechanism (heritage Mechanism)?

Answer :

Acquisition: The Installer first installs the feature and then progresses via the movements targeted inside the series tables of the set up database. These actions query the set up database and generate a script that offers a step-by using-step system for performing the set up.

Execution: The installer passes the statistics to a technique with increased privileges and runs the script.

Rollback: If an set up is unsuccessful, the installer restores the authentic state of the computer. When the installer processes the set up script, it simultaneously generates a rollback script. In addition to the rollback script, the installer saves a duplicate of every report it deletes all through the installation. These files are saved in a hidden,device listing. Once the installation is complete, the rollback script and the stored files are deleted.

Question 11. What Is A Msi?

Answer :

MSI is “Microsoft Windows Installer”. It is an set up, in the shape of a single document. It is actually a database that carries several tables (eighty+). Each of those tables includes instructions and set-up statistics.

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Question 12. Structure Of Msi?

Answer :

Products (Collection of Features)
Features (Collection of Components)
Components (Collection of files and Registries)
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Question 13. What Is Product?

Answer :

A single, mounted, running software (or set of programs) is a product. A product is diagnosed through a unique GUID (the ProductCode belongings). A product is not similar to a package: a unmarried MSI package may set up more than one one-of-a-kind products. For example, an MSI might deploy French and English variations of a application, each of that's a exceptional product.

Question 14. What Is Feature?

Answer :

Features are buckets for Components. Windows Installer configuration instructions perform most effective on Features (putting in, advertising, Uninstalling). Self-recuperation, installon- demand and person profile restoration-up operate on the Feature stage.

Question 15. What Is Component?

Answer :

Components are collections of sources that are constantly hooked up or eliminated as a unit from a consumer's device. A resource may be a file, registry key, shortcut, or something else that may be established. Every issue is assigned a unique aspect code GUID.

Question sixteen. What Is Self-restoration?

Answer :

When an MSI-primarily based software is released (by using clicking on an marketed shortcut or record kind association), Windows Installer assessments the life of key course gadgets.

If there is a mismatch between the modern-day system state and the cost special in the MSI bundle (e.G., a key record or registry is lacking), then the associated characteristic is reinstalled. This procedure is likewise referred to as self-recovery or self-repair.

Question 17. What Is The Difference Between Self-restoration And Repair?

Answer :

Self Heal and Repair are two unique ideas in Windows Installer which humans often consider to be the equal element but there's difference in these two.

Self Heal is brought about through marketed shortcuts, or other advertising statistics within the bundle which sooner or later Repairs the software.

When the utility is released by marketed shortcut, it checks for all the key paths of the Current Feature, if any of the important thing paths is missing it's going to launch Repair.

Note that if there are more than one features then it's going to now not check the lacking key paths of the other features, however handiest the characteristic of which the advertised shortcut is released.

Repair of an MSI may be induced by way of:

Repair button in Add/Remove applications
Giving the command line msiexec /fother alternative MSI name
Self Heal by way of advertised shortcut or other advertising information
Active setup
Once the restore of the package is prompted, despite Self Heal, then the whole of the MSI is reinstalled. Then it does no longer see that only the feature which induced the self heal ought to be repaired, however the entire MSI, by way of which I mean, all its functions are reinstalled.

Question 18. What Is Registry, Tell The Structure & Types Of Registry?

Answer :

The Registry is a single area for storing records about the Windows OS (Hardware & Software):

Root Keys / Subtrees
Subkeys
Hives
Entries
Types of Registry keys:

Machine-Specific (HKCR, HKLM, HKCC, HKU)
User-Specific (HKCU, HKU)
Types of Registry Root keys:

HKEY_CLASS_ROOT (HKCR)
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE (HKLM)
HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG (HKCC)
HKEY_CURRENT_USER (HKCU)
HKEY_USERS (HKU)
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Question 19. What Are Shortcuts & Types?

Answer :

Shortcuts are the access factors to the applications established at the machine that's commonly points to a document:

Advertised (File must be Installed by the Application).
Non Advertised (File that isn't a part of Installation. It is also known as Command Line shortcuts).
 

Question 20. What Are Ini File & Its Format?

Answer :

INI files are simple-textual content files that incorporate configuration statistics. "INI" stands for:

initialization.
[Section]
Keyname=value.

Question 21. What Are Services & Its Types?

Answer :

A home windows provider is a historical past procedure which is loaded by the Service Control Manager of the OS.

Win32 Service (Win32 services are the services which is walking by using the executable report mounted with the aid of the Application).
System or Kernel Services (Kernel services are the services which might be used by the OS to speak to the hardware gadgets).
Question 22. Where Is Service Information Stored?

Answer :

Most of the Service data are saved below the windows registry hive “HKLMSystemCurrentControlSetName of the Service”.

Question 23. In The Msi, Which Tables Contain Information About The Service Details?

Answer :

Service Install (Service Details)
Service Control (Controlling the carrier during Installation & Un Installation)
Question 24. What Is Odbc & Dsn And Its Types?

Answer :

ODBC method Open Database Connectivity. The purpose of ODBC is to permit the person to get right of entry to data from any utility. The layer between the utility and the DBMS known as DSN.

System DSN (DSN could be available for all users)
User DSN (DSN may be available for that unique person)
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Question 25. What Is File Association?

Answer :

The Windows running gadget recognizes file types and associates them with packages based totally on their record extension. A report that carries no extension or no related application is called Orphaned.

Question 26. What Is Environment Variable & Its Types?

Answer :

Environment Variables are the variables which might be set via the Operating System & Application:

System Variable (Available for all users)
User Variable (Available for that particular person)
Question 27. What Is Property & Types Of Properties, Give Some Examples?

Answer :

Properties are global variables that the Microsoft Windows Installer makes use of throughout an set up.

Private: The installer can be use handiest internally (values can’t be modified all through the run time).

Manufacture, ProductCode, ProductID, ProductName, ProductVersion ……

Public: The installer can be uses both internally & externally (values may be changed for the duration of the run time also).

INSTALLLEVEL, ….

Restricted Public: The user can’t alternate the price each internally & externally because of security functions. ALLUSERS, REBOOT, REINSTALLMODE.

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Question 28. What Is Merge Module?

Answer :

Merge modules are a mechanism in Windows Installer that permits agencies to prepackage and proportion preferred component definitions. Merge modules are used to deliver shared code, documents, sources, registry entries and setup good judgment to programs as a unmarried compound file.

Question 29. Name Few Merge Module Tables?

Answer :

 ModuleSignature,
 ModuleComponents,
 ModuleDependency,
 ModuleExclusion,
 ModuleIgnore,
 ModuleSubstitution,
 ModuleAdminUISequence,
 ModuleAdminExecuteSequence,
 ModuleConfiguration,
 ModuleAdvtUISequence,
 ModuleAdvtExecuteSequence,
 ModuleInstallUISequence,
 ModuleInstallExecuteSequence.
Question 30. Detail The Background Mechanism Of Merge Module?

Answer :

If there are a number of programs that require a particularly configured issue, it'd be feasible to create a merge module that installs and

configures that aspect. That merge module should then be added to the installation programs of every product that required that particular thing.

This saves the effort of having to individually upload the vital files, registry entries, and different components to each installation. It additionally saves time if updates are wanted, as as opposed to updating the installations for all five applications, most effective the merge module is up to date, and the installations handiest want to be rebuilt.

Question 31. How To Give Permission For Files, Folders & Registry Keys In Msi?

Answer :

In the MSI, we are able to give permissions through Lock Permission table. But the usage of subinacl.Exe custom motion is the high-quality way to set permissions.

Question 32. How To Give Permission For Files, Folders & Registry Keys Through Vb Script & What Is The Syntax?

Answer :

We can deliver permission for files & folders via VB Script by way of the usage of the CACLS & XCACLS commands:

CACLs must simplest run on NTFS partitions.
CACLS – Changes Access Control ListS
“Cacls <file name> [/T] [/E] [/C] [/G user: perm] [/R consumer [...]] [/P person: perm [...]]
[/D person [...]] “
/T Changes ACLs of special documents within the cutting-edge listing and subdirectories
/E Edit ACL in place of replacing it
/C Continue (ignore) get right of entry to denied mistakes
/G person: perm where get entry to rights granted may be: R C F (examine, trade, complete control)
/R person Revoke exact consumer's get entry to rights (most effective legitimate with /E)
/P consumer: perm Replace distinct person's get right of entry to rights. Permission can be: N R C F (none, examine, alternate, full manage)
/D user Deny certain person get right of entry to
E.G. “cacls c:myfile.Txt /E /G <user name>: F”

Question 33. How To Install Only One Particular Feature During The Installation Through Command Line?

Answer :

msiexec /i <msi> ADDLOCAL=<Feature Name>

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Question 34. How To Disable Arp (add/remove Programs) Details During The Insallation Through Command Line, Tell Some Arp Properties?

Answer :

msiexec /i <msi> ARPSYSTEMCOMPONENT=1

Following entries are various ARP residences:

a) ARPAUTHORIZEDCDFPREFIX
b) ARPCOMMENTS
c) ARPCONTACT
d) ARPINSTALLLOCATION
e) ARPNOMODIFY
f) ARPNOREMOVE
g) ARPNOREPAIR
h) ARPPRODUCTICON
i) ARPREADME
j) ARPSIZE
okay) ARPSYSTEMCOMPONENT
l) ARPURLINFOABOUT
m) ARPURLUPDATEINFO

Question 35. What Is Advertisement?

Answer :

It way that, the Availability of an software to customers or others with out actually the total Installation. There are two forms of Advertising

Assigning : 

An Application appears (shortcuts, documents & registries) to a person or others, when an Application is “assigned”. When the user tries to open, it's far established upon call for.

Publishing : 

No Entry factors appear to a user or others, whilst an Application “published” to the institution. It is activated simplest if the organization Application activates the posted Application i.E. Installation on Demand.

Question 36. What Is Advertised Feature & Component?

Answer :

If a Feature or Component is advertised, only the interfaces required for loading and launching the software are established to the consumer or others. If a user turns on an advertised interface the installer then proceeds to install the essential Components & Features.

Question 37. What Is Installation On Demand?

Answer :

When a person or software turns on an advertised function or product, the installer proceeds with set up of the wanted components.

Question 38. What Is Transform?

Answer :

A rework is a windows installer document with the extension (.MST). It need to be used in conjunction with a MSI to customise or change the set up package deal with out editing the MSI. The installer can most effective apply transforms all through an set up.

Question 39. What Are The Types Of Transform?

Answer :

a) Embedded transform

Embedded transforms are saved in the .Msi document of the bundle.

B) Secured remodel

Secured transforms are stored domestically at the user's laptop in a vicinity where, on a comfortable file device, the user does not have write access. Such transforms are cached on this location for the duration of the set up or advertisement of the package. During subsequent set up-on-call for or upkeep installations of the package deal, the installer makes use of the cached transforms.

C) Unsecured rework

Transforms which have now not been secured are known as unsecured transforms. To apply an unsecured remodel, pass the remodel file names within the TRANSFORMS assets or command line string for the duration of the set up.

Question forty. How Many Transform Can Be Created For One Vendor Msi?

Answer :

There is no restrict on the numbers of transforms which can be created for one Vendor MSI.

Question 41. How Many Transforms Can Be Supplied In The Command Line?

Answer :

There isn't any restrict at the numbers of transforms which may be furnished in the command line.

Question 42. What Is Custom Action?

Answer :

The Microsoft Windows Installer gives many built-in moves for performing the set up system. For a few instances the developer writes an action to execute his very own installation is referred to as custom motion.

Question 43. What Are The Types Of Custom Actions?

Answer :

 DLL file stored in a Binary desk stream
 DLL file this is hooked up with a product
 EXE file stored in a Binary table circulate
 EXE file that is mounted with a product
 Displays a targeted blunders message and returns failure, terminating the set up
 EXE report having a direction specified through a assets price
 EXE record having a course referencing a listing
 JScript record stored in a Binary desk flow
 JScript report this is set up with a product
 JScript text specific by way of a assets price
 JScript textual content stored in this collection desk
 VBScript file saved in a Binary desk stream
 VBScript document this is installed with a product
 VBScript textual content exact by way of a assets price
 VBScript textual content stored on this collection desk
 Property set with formatted textual content
 Directory set with formatted textual content
 Installation of a package nested inner of the primary bundle. See Nested Installation Actions
 Installation of a package deal that resides inside the first software’s source tree. See Nested Installation
 Actions
 Installation of an utility that is marketed or already hooked up. See Nested Installation Actions.
Question forty four. What Are The Types Of Sequences In The Custom Actions?

Answer :

Normal User Interface
Normal Execute Immediate / Deferred
Administrative User Interface
Administrative Execute Immediate / Deferred
Question forty five. What Are The Types Of In Script Options In The Custom Actions?

Answer :

a) Immediate Execution

Immediate custom actions, may be sequenced anywhere within any of the sequence tables. It has get admission to to the set up database (study & set set up houses, adjust characteristic & component states, add transient columns, rows, and tables).

B) Deferred Execution – User Context

Deferred custom actions can most effective be sequenced between the Install Initialize and Install Finalize actions in execute sequence tables. It doesn’t have access to the installation database. Deferred custom moves are not carried out right away. Instead they're scheduled to run later in the course of the execution script. The execution script isn't processed until the Install Execute, Install Execute Again, or Install Finalize motion is run. If the Current User doesn’t have the accelerated privileges (Custom movements make changes inside the gadget directly), the custom actions have to run in Deferred Execution in User Context simplest.

C) Rollback handiest

This Action ought to be carried out during the Installation of the Rollback script or if the Installation is Unsuccessful.

D) Commit handiest

This Action should be achieved all through the Installation of the Commit script.

E) Deferred Execution – System Context

Deferred custom actions can best be sequenced among the Install Initialize and Install Finalize moves in execute series tables. It doesn’t have access to the set up database. Deferred custom movements aren't done immediately. Instead they are scheduled to run later throughout the execution script. The execution script isn't processed till the Install Execute, Install Execute Again, or Install Finalize movement is run. If the Current User have the accelerated privileges (Custom actions make adjustments in the device at once), then it must run in Deferred Execution in System Context only.

Question 46. What Is The Difference Between “immediately Execute / Deferred Execute”?

Answer :

Immediate custom movements, may be sequenced anywhere inside any of the series tables
Deferred custom movements can only be sequenced between the Install Initialize and Install Finalize movements in execute collection tables
Immediate custom movements have get entry to to the Installation database
Deferred custom actions doesn’t have access to the Installation database
Immediate custom moves can most effective run inside the User Context
Deferred custom actions can run both within the context of the person and accelerated using the device context.
Question 47. What Is The Difference Between “deferred In System Context / Deferred In User Context”?

Answer :

If the Custom movement which installs or alter a report beneath the INSTALLDIR or Installation must be run in “Deferred in User Context”.
If the Custom action which installs or modify the device file without delay need to be run in “Deferred Execution in System Context”.
Question 48. What Are The Types Of Processing Options In The Custom Actions And What Is The Use?

Answer :

A) Synchronous: Windows Installer runs the custom motion synchronously to the main set up. It waits for the custom action to finish successfully earlier than continuing the principle set up.

B) Synchronous, forget about exit code: Windows Installer runs the custom motion synchronously to the primary set up. It waits for the custom movement to finish before persevering with the main installation; the movement may be either achievement or fail.

C) A synch, wait at quit of sequence: Windows Installer runs the custom motion concurrently with the principle installation. At the stop it waits for the go out code from the custom movement before persevering with.

D) A synch, no wait: Windows Installer runs the custom movement concurrently with the main installation. It doesn’t await final touch of the custom movement and doesn’t test the exit code also.

Question forty nine. What Are The Types Of Scheduling Options In The Custom Actions And What Is The Use?

Answer :

Always Execute: This movement execute in all sequences
Run first time: This movement execute best the first time Windows Installer encounters it.
Run as soon as consistent with system:This action execute best one time both Execute collection that should no longer run if the set up is strolling in silent mode.
Run best if UI series become run: This movement execute simplest if either Execute series is run following User Interface series.
Question 50. What Is Launch Condition?

Answer :

Launch Condition is used to check device necessities on the destination laptop.

Question 51. What Is App Search?

Answer :

App Search action is used to search for existing variations of products (Files, Registry, INI, Directory & Component)

Question fifty two. What Is Isolated Component, Why We Are Using And Its Types?

Answer :

It approach that to save you overwriting of preceding variations of shared additives, and ensures that different applications do now not overwrite your version of shared components.

A) Manifest record concept
b) Local report idea

Question fifty three. What Is The Use Of Msi Assembly Tables?

Answer :

It is used for the registration of .Net Assembly documents

Question fifty four. What Is The Latest Version Of Windows Installer?

Answer :

The modern day model of Windows Installer is 4.5

Question 55. What Is The Latest Version Of Wise Package Studio & Install Shield Admin Studio?

Answer :

Will trade with time.

Question 56. What Is Conflict Management?

Answer :

When two or extra packages installation the equal gadget files (DLLs, .VBXs, and .OCXs), Windows registry, and different objects. To stumble on, Conflict Management ought to be use and for resolve the software conflicts, Application Isolation idea should be use.

Question fifty seven. What Are The Types Of Deployment (software program Distribution)?

Answer :

Group coverage (Active Directory)
Software Update Services (SUS)
Windows Update Web website online
Systems Management provider (SMS)
Question 58. What Is Software Distribution?

Answer :

One of the more crucial components to handling a Windows environment is the capacity to installation new applications, updates, enhancements & patches. Distributing new or up to date software is called as Software Distribution.

Question fifty nine. What Is Group Policy (gpo) & How To Set It?

Answer :

Administrators use Group Policy to outline options for dealing with, configuration of servers, desktops, and organizations of customers. It is used to set guidelines throughout a given web page, area, or variety of organizational units. Use “gpedit.Msc” inside the run command to set the coverage.

Question 60. What Is Elevated User & How To Create It?

Answer :

If the consumer having the privileges of MSI capabilities (Windows Installer) is called as Elevated User You can create via “gpedit.Msc” in the run Command or registry keys HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESOFTWAREPoliciesMicrosoftWindowsInstaller

Type: DWORD Key: Always Install Elevated Value: 1

Question sixty one. What Is Wrapper Msi?

Answer :

When an Executable is wrapped inside an MSI then that msi is known as wrapper msi.

Question 62. What Is Lock Down Environment?

Answer :

Software restrict regulations provide administrators with a Policy-pushed mechanism to discover software program jogging on computers in a website, and manage its ability to execute. This coverage can be used to block malicious scripts, help lockdown a pc, or save you unwanted packages from running.

Question sixty three. What Is Intellimirror?

Answer :

Intelli Mirror management technology are a fixed of powerful features for trade and configuration management. It ensures that users’ facts, software program, and personal settings are available once they move from one computer to another, and persist whilst their computers are related to the network.

Question 64. What Is Active Directory?

Answer :

Deploying packages through the Active Directory is done via using group policies, and therefore programs are deployed either on a consistent with user foundation or on a in step with computer basis.

Question sixty five. What Are The Other Tools Which Are Used During The Testing & Finding Solving The Issues In The Application Packaging?

Answer :

Picture Taker
Windows Install Master
InstallRite
RegMon
FileMon
procmon
Process Explorer
CsDiff
Icon Extractor & Icon Builder
RegExtractor
WiLogUtl
WiseComReg
Question 66. What Is Orca Tool & What Is The Purpose And Advantages?

Answer :

Microsoft utility to view, update, validate MSI & MST files.

Question sixty seven. What Is Package Code?

Answer :

The Package Code is a GUID figuring out a particular Microsoft Windows Installer bundle. It pals an .MSI file.

Question sixty eight. What Is Product Code?

Answer :

The Product Code is a GUID identifying a specific Application or product.

Question sixty nine. What Are The Disadvantage/drawbacks Of Msi?

Answer :

Resiliency: Resiliency may be inconsistent with repackaged programs due to the fact the repackager application may not completely apprehend the aspect dependencies or what the important thing paths of the software have to be. Therefore, an utility may be packaged into one large function that receives totally reinstalled if a element keypath is missing. If it have been damaged up into a couple of smaller features it might permit a greater conceivable resiliency. COM/ActiveX

Registration: Component Object Model (COM) and ActiveX controls won't be nicely registered. Prior to Windows Installer, COM and ActiveX registration was a black field. Except for the exported functions DLLRegisterServer and DLLUnregister server, COM and ActiveX controls offered only a few suggestions in their registration manner. RegSvr32.Exe turned into accountable for calling the formerly stated features after which the DLL become liable for registering itself. There is not any application that can view a DLL, an OCX, or an EXE and determine out what is going on interior DllRegisterServer and DllUnregisterServer for that file. There are standard registry entries that most COM and ActiveX controls sign in, inclusive of HKCRCLSID, HKCRProgID, and HKCRTypeLib. Information on COM registration may additionally or won't get entered into the proper MSI tables by using the repackager.

Shortcuts: Shortcuts won't be created as Windows Installer descriptor shortcuts, which permit resiliency. Legacy setup shortcuts were .Lnk documents that pointed to an executable in most instances. Sometimes while the repackager runs, all it is aware of is that an .Lnk report was copied to a listing. For instance, a legacy Setup.Exe installed a shortcut to C:WindowsProfilesUser1Desktop. The repackager might copy the .Lnk report immediately to the listing indexed previously. Therefore, the repackager isn't always honestly copying a Windows Installer shortcut, but as a substitute it is copying a report without any resiliency abilities blanketed.

Isolated Components: The most effective manner to take gain of isolated components is to creator a brand new MSI package. Repackagers presently do now not help this feature. Application Removal:When uninstalling a repackaged application, it's miles possible that the AllUsers profile.

Question 70. What Is Advertisement And Command For Advertisement?

Answer :

It manner that, the Availability of an utility to customers or others with out truly the overall Installation. There are two kinds of Advertising.

Assigning: An Application seems (shortcuts, files & registries) to a person or others, whilst an Application is “assigned”. When the user attempts to open, it's miles mounted upon demand.

Publishing: No Entry factors seem to a consumer or others, while an Application “published” to the organization. It is activated simplest if the organization Application activates the published Application i.E. Installation on Demand.

Syntax

Ø msiexec /j [u] package
Ø msiexec m package deal /t TransformList
Ø msiexec u package /g LanguageID

Parameters

Ø /j : Advertises a product.
Ø u : Advertises to the present day person.
Ø m : Advertises to all customers of the pc.
Ø package deal : Specifies the Windows Installer bundle report.
Ø /g LanguageID : Identifies the language.
Ø /t TransformList : Applies transform to advertised bundle.

Question seventy one. What Is Admin Install And Command For It?

Answer :

The Windows Installer can perform an administrative set up of an utility or product to a community for use by way of a workgroup. An administrative installation installs a supply photograph of the utility onto the community this is just like a supply image on a CD-ROM. Users in a workgroup who've get entry to to this administrative photograph can then installation the product from this source. A user ought to first set up the product from the network to run the software. The user can choose to run-from-source while he installs and the installer uses most of the product's file without delay from the community. Administrators can run an administrative installation from the command line via the use of the /a command line option. The ADMIN action is the pinnacle-degree motion used to initiate an administrative installation. When this motion is performed the installer calls the actions within the AdminExecuteSequence and AdminUISequence tables to carry out the administrative installation.

Syntax: Msiexec /a bundle

Question seventy two. For Which Type Of Packages Admin Install Fail?

Answer :

Any MSI which installs documents primarily based on selection, be it from command line, System Search or selected alternatives while putting in.

Question seventy three. What Is Transaction Processing?

Answer :

One or more operations processed together as a unmarried indivisible entire called a transaction. All the constituent operations ought to be successful for the transaction to succeed, in any other case all of the operations are rolled lower back to the original nation.

Windows Installer 4.Five includes support for installing multiple packages the use of transaction processing. The applications are chained collectively and processed as a unmarried transaction. If one or extra of the packages in the transaction can not be set up efficaciously or if the give up user cancels the set up, the Windows Installer initiates rollback for all the applications to restore the gadget to its earlier state.

Question 74. What Is Dll Cache Folder?

Answer :

It is the folder in which Microsoft Windows stores included machine files.

Question seventy five. What Are The Addlocal And Addsource Properties?

Answer :

ADDLOCAL: It will installation the components (report resources) related to the characteristic locally at the client the bundle is hooked up on.

ADDSOURCE: The files may be “set up” on the source meaning where the MSI is originally placed. There will actually no longer be any set up of documents into the folder but they have to exists as “outside uncompressed”.

Question 76. Explain The Difference Between Property And Property?

Answer :

Property: Private Properties in MSI (Properties that cannot be changed during runtime).

PROPERTY: Public Properties (Properties that may be changed at some stage in runtime).

Question seventy seven. Use Of Installevel Property?

Answer :

The INSTALLLEVEL property is the preliminary degree at which features are decided on “ON” for installation by default. A feature is established best if the fee in the Level discipline of the Feature desk is much less than or identical to the present day INSTALLLEVEL fee. The set up degree for any set up is distinct via the INSTALLLEVEL property, and may be an necessary from 1 to 32,767.

Question 78. What Is The Difference Between Repair And Self Healing?

Answer :

Self Heal and Repair are  specific ideas in Windows Installer which people oftentimes do not forget to be the equal element however there may be difference in those . 

Self Heal is triggered by way of marketed shortcuts, or other marketing information within the package deal which ultimately Repairs the software.

When the software is launched by way of marketed shortcut, it checks for all of the key paths of the Current Feature, if any of the key paths is missing it'll release Repair.

Note that if there are a couple of features then it's going to not take a look at the lacking key paths of the other functions, but handiest the characteristic of which the advertised shortcut is launched.

Repair of an MSI can be induced by using:

• Repair button in Add/Remove applications

• Giving the command line msiexec /fdifferent choice MSI name

• Self Heal via advertised shortcut or other marketing statistics

• Active setup

Once the restore of the bundle is precipitated, inspite of Self Heal, then the whole of the MSI is reinstalled. Then it does now not see that best the characteristic which brought on the self heal ought to be repaired, but the complete MSI, by which I suggest, all its features are reinstalled.

Question seventy nine. Difference Between Run, Run Once, Active Setup?

Answer :

Active Setup:

It is used while your software requires set up of components which includes documents or registry keys on a in keeping with-user foundation, however utility has no marketed access factors or other triggers to initiate the installation technique.

Run:

The Run key is processed after each logon, both with the aid of the Explorer shell, if it's miles present, or by means of First Boot Agent (FBA), if a custom shell, Command shell, or Task Manager Shell is used. If FBA methods this key, it does so after each logon, no longer throughout first boot as it generally would. Typically, this flag is used to load Systray applications, release offerings in executables, hide autostart packages, or cover heritage tactics

Run Once:

The RunOnce key is processed simplest once, with the aid of FBA, after Plug and Play device enumeration and DLL registration processing have completed. The values of this

registry key are deleted from the registry after it is processed, that allows you to no longer run once more. Typically, this flag is used while a reboot is needed, inclusive of for a DLL or OCX registration, or for cleansing up a setup or an uninstall.

Question eighty. What Is The Logical Structure Of Package?

Answer :

A package describes the installation of a complete product (Windows Installer does no longer handle dependencies between merchandise) and is universally recognized through a GUID. A product is made up of additives, grouped into features.

Components:

A factor is the minimum part of a product—each factor is treated by using Windows Installer as a unit: the deploy developer can't, as an instance, use a

circumstance to specify to put in just part of a element. Components can contain files,companies of files, directories, COM additives, registry keys, shortcuts, and different data. The stop person does now not immediately have interaction with components.

Components are identified globally by GUIDs, accordingly the equal thing can be shared among several features of the equal bundle or more than one programs, preferably through the usage of merge modules (even though, for this to paintings successfully, one of a kind components should not proportion any sub-additives).

Key paths:

A key course is a selected report, registry key, or ODBC statistics source that the package deal writer specifies as vital for a given aspect. Because a file is the maximum commonplace type of key course, the term key report is typically used. A issue can comprise at most one key path; if a issue has no specific key route, the thing's vacation spot listing is taken to be the important thing path.

When an MSI-based totally utility is launched, Windows Installer tests the life of those critical files or registry keys (this is, the key paths). If there's a mismatch among the modern-day system kingdom and the value distinctive inside the MSI package deal (e.G., a key document is lacking), then the related characteristic is re-installed. This process is likewise known as self-recovery or self-restore. No two additives need to use the equal key course.

Features :

A feature is a hierarchical group of additives—a function can include any quantity of components and different features (a characteristic contained in another characteristic is referred to as a "subfeature"). Most set up programs show a "custom setup" conversation field at run time, from which the stop user can pick out which capabilities to put in or dispose of.

The package deal creator defines the product functions. A phrase-processing application, for instance, would possibly provide capabilities for the main program executable, this system's help documents, and optionally available spelling checker and stationery modules.

Question eighty one. Advantages Of Packaging (growing Msi Packages)?

Answer :

Customize Applications to suit the person wishes.
Simplify the Installation and Un-set up Procedures.
Saves Time in each Installation and Un-set up.
Once packaged, applications may be fast hooked up on quite a number desktops in more than one locations, saving administrative fees, simplifying the manage of licensing expenses and minimizing guide and repair expenses.
Saves Space of the product through doing apt adjustments to programs.
Has a extraordinary flexibility of acquiring the misplaced documents via a phenomenon known as Self Heal, this reduces the down time of application. If a crucial document (a .DLL or .EXE file, as an instance) this is a part of the distribution is corrupt or is deleted, the user can be caused to restore the installation by using supplying the unique .MSI distribution. Additionally, if the installation media is to be had (as an example, on a community proportion), the repair sincerely takes place robotically.
Can be advertised. So that on demand set up may want to take area.
Upgrading of the application can be accomplished without difficulty.
Clean installation and Un-Installation is completed by a procedure called Roll- Back.
Simplifies control of latest consumer set-up along side the revision and distribution of software program upkeep and new applications to current users. Application restoration can also be stepped forward.
Helps cast off uncontrolled software downloads and installation, enables packages to be safely removed and decreases non-enterprise visitors on a corporate community.
Using .MSI layout, can automate software distribution system and make sure that the installation doesn’t destroy other programs which have already been set up.
Application is set up through an OS service.
State control is maintained. In the past, it’s been hard to recognize whether an utility is installed on a system. You would should question for a .DLL with a particular version quantity or determine whether or not an .EXE document with a specific call become present. Windows Installer offers an application programming interface (API) that we could programmers and administrators see whether a selected software is mounted on a machine.
Scriptable API. This whips together a VBScript to assist us with the MSI file manipulations. The API to control MSI files is so effective that it could create, validate and update programs, cause installs and uninstalls, take a look at the MSI repository information on computers, and perform some custom actions.
Served installs. Because MSI documents can be housed in a proportion point and delivered thru a server, we will keep our set up files multi function place or circulate them around — closer to the users if essential.