Interview Questions.

Question 1. What Is Cq5? Give Some Points About Cq5?

Answer :

Adobe Communique five, or CQ5, is a java based totally huge-scale net content control system. It combines web content control, virtual asset control, and social collaboration to deliver a solution that lets in to manage exquisite quantities of facts, a couple of internal and outside web sites, a myriad of media assets, and unique workflow.

CQ5 is about of content management offerings constructed on a content-centric Web application framework on pinnacle of a Java Content Repository.
The product has been absolutely redesigned from Communiqué 4, permitting Adobe to apply new architecture and technology.
The Graphical User Interface has been absolutely re-engineered using AJAX and the contemporary browser technologies. This ends in an unprecedented person enjoy.
Question 2. Why Cq5? What Are The Advantages Of Using Cq5?

Answer :

Building web sites via a rich graphical interface, company design and person get entry to manipulate of modifying and publishing rights.
Implementation of workflows for creating, editing and publishing of content material.
 Managing a repository of digital belongings like pictures, documents and integrating them to the websites.
Usage of search queries to find content material regardless of where it is stored to your corporation.
Setting up effortlessly the social collaboration blogs, corporations.
Tagging software to organize the digital assets which includes pictures.
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Question three. Explain The Cq5 Technology Stack?

Answer :

JCR – Java specification for gaining access to a content repository, CQ5 makes use of its personal implementation of JCR called CRX. Apache Jackrabbit is an open-supply implementation of JCR 2.Zero specification.
Apache Sling – RESTful framework to access a JCR over http protocol. It maps the request url to the node in JCR.
OSGi – framework for modular software improvement using java. Each module known as package can be independently started and stopped.
Question four. What Is A Content Repository?

Answer :

A content repository is a garage unit with an associated search and get right of entry to techniques permitting software-unbiased get admission to to the content material, the capability to store and modify content material in addition to searching and retrieving. A content material repository consequently typically bureaucracy the technical underpinning of a content material application, like a Content Management System or a Document Management System. It capabilities because the logical storage facility for content.

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Question 5. What Is The Contribution Of Servlet Engine In Cq5?

Answer :

The Servlet Engine acts as the server inside which every CQ (and CRX if used) example runs as a web software.
Any Servlet Engine assisting the Servlet API 2.4 (or higher) can be used.
Although you can run CQ WCM without an application server, a Servlet Engine is needed.
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Question 6. What Is Meant By Jcr (java Content Repository)?

Answer :

A Java Content Repository uses the JSR-170 API to access the content repository the usage of Java, unbiased of the physical implementation. JCR is the Java Content Repository preferred, additionally known as JSR-170 after its Java Specification Request. Later revised version 2 as (JCR-283). A repository correctly consists of  elements:

 A Web utility that gives the JSR-170 compliant API and temporary information storage (within the form of the consultation).
 A Persistence Manager with persistent facts garage, including the file system or a database.
Question 7. Give A Note About Apache Sling?

Answer :

Apache Sling is an internet application framework for content-centric applications, the use of a Java Content Repository, such as Apache Jackrabbit or CRX, to keep and manage content.

Sling:

 is primarily based on REST ideas to provide clean development of content-oriented programs.
 Is embedded within CQ5.
 Is used to system HTTP rendering and data-storage requests which gather, render and ship the content material to a purchaser (i.E. The new  shipping).
 Maps Content objects to Components (which render them and system incoming information).
 Comes with both server-facet and AJAX scripting support.
 May be used with a range of scripting languages, together with JSP, ESP and Ruby.
 Commenced as an internal task of Day Management AG.
 Has been contributed to the Apache Software Foundation.
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Question 8. What Are The 7 Rules Given By David Model?

Answer :

Rule #1: Data First, Structure Later. Maybe.
Rule #2: Drive the content material hierarchy, do not permit it manifest.
Rule #3: Workspaces are for clone(), merge() and update().
Rule #4: Beware of Same Name Siblings.
Rule #five: References considered dangerous.
Rule #6: Files are Files are Files.
Rule #7: IDs are evil.

Question nine. What Is Osgi In Cq5? Explain?

Answer :

OSGi stands for "Open Systems Gateway initiative"

“is the dynamic module gadget for Java™.”
comes beneath the category Universal Middleware.
“gives the standardized primitives that permit programs to be created from small, reusable and collaborative additives. These additives may be composed into an software and deployed.”
OSGi bundles can incorporate compiled Java code, scripts, content this is to be loaded in the repository, and configuration or extra documents, as wanted.
Permits the bundles to be loaded, and installed, throughout everyday operations. In the case of CQ5, this is managed through the Sling Management Console.
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Question 10. What Is Rest? What Is A Restful Framework?

Answer :

REST stands for Representational State Transfer. REST-style architectures encompass clients and servers. Clients initiate requests to servers; servers manner requests and go back appropriate responses. Requests and responses are built across the transfer of representations of assets. A resource may be basically any coherent and meaningful idea that can be addressed. A representation of a resource is commonly a report that captures the modern-day or supposed kingdom of a aid.Apache Sling is RESTful framework to get admission to a java content repository over http protocol.

Question 11. How Is Authentication Achieved In Cq5?

Answer :

Authentication is the procedure of figuring out, and verifying, a consumer. The procedure of authentication and login can be damaged down as follows:

Authentication records is extracted from the request. In CQ that is done by an authentication handler.
The authentication information is then checked to decide whether it's far enough and/or correct. In CQ this is performed via the login modules.
The appropriate response is initiated.
For CQ, initial authentication makes use of a fashionable HTML-login shape at the side of the Authorization Header Authentication Handler. The HTML-form must have fields for the user call and password (the same subject names should then be used by the Authorization Header Authentication Handler).

You also can use a comparable form for controlled access to diverse regions of your website. For instance, CQ can have interaction with a LDAP server that stores consumer statistics centrally, putting off the need for duplication. This relevant server is then used to verify login facts which enables you to understand Single Sign On, both with other in-house applications and external Portals.

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Question 12. What Is A Template?

Answer :

A template is the basis of a web page. A template is used to create a page and defines which components may be used inside the selected scope. A template is a hierarchy of nodes that has the equal shape as the page to be created, but with none actual content.

Each template are built up of additives available for use.

To create a page, the content of the template should be copied (/apps /[application] /templates /[template-name]) to appropriate function in the website online tree. This is one of the essential and interesting capabilities of CQ5.

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Question 13. Sling Scripts Cannot Be Called Directly In Cq5- Why?

Answer :

Scripts cannot be referred to as without delay inside Sling on account that it'll wreck the stern concept of a REST server; you'll blend sources and representations.

If you name the illustration (the script) immediately you disguise the resource internal your script, so the framework (Sling) not is aware of approximately it.

Question 14. What Is A Component In Cq5?

Answer :

Components:
• are modular gadgets which recognise specific functionality to offer your content material on your website.
• are re-usable.
• are developed as self-contained units inside one folder of the repository.
• haven't any hidden configuration documents.
• can incorporate different additives.
• run everywhere inside any CQ gadget.
• have a standardized person interface.
• use widgets.

Question 15. Sling Tag Library, Explain?

Answer :

In order to utilize helpful Sling functions, Sling Tag library should be declared. When you use the Sling Tag Library in your script, the script should begin with the subsequent code:

<%@ taglib prefix="sling" uri="http://sling.Apache.Org/taglibs/sling/1.0" %>

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Question sixteen. How Does Cq Work? Speciality?

Answer :

CQ is an internet content material management system. This manner that authors do now not need to install unique software program for you to use CQ; handiest a browser is wanted.
In CQ, authors create, adjust and delete content material on an authoring surroundings.
Basic authoring activities in CQ including including text, photographs, and primary layouts, do not require the information of HTML.
Changes to content in CQ are not made visible to the general public till authors set off them (i.E., put up the content). Authors also can deactivate (i.E., unpublish) content if vital
Question 17. Specify Some Points On Cq Wcm?

Answer :

The CQ WCM is the first display you may see after logging in.
The left panel of the WCM represents the web site hierarchy. Here, you will find a tree shape of the pages and other content that can be expanded or collapsed.
This shape is generated as you nest content pages. This is likewise how URLs are generated.
Once you click on on a web page from the website hierarchy that consists of baby pages(i.E., pages nested beneath), the kid pages will appear on the WCM proper panel.
You can tell that a web page has child pages with the aid of the presence of a plus (+) or minus (-) signal beside its icon. In the proper panel, you may pick one or a couple of pages on which you would love to perform actions, which include shifting, deleting, copying, activating or deactivating.
A double-click at the web page call expands the tree and opens the page on the equal time
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Question 18. Digital Asset Manager (dam) In Cq5, Explain?

Answer :

The DAM is in which authors can add documents (apart from HTML) for publishing on their websites. Examples encompass images and PDF documents. The interface is much like the WCM.

DAM Left Panel : The folder structure is on the left panel, and can be extended or collapsed by way of clicking the precise plus (+) or minus (-) symbols. For your first time using the DAM, you may want to navigate in your branch’s Digital Assets through the tree, beginning with SFU. Contact your Site Administrator in case you cannot see your department’s Digital Assets space. You can best see those that you had been authorized to.

DAM right Panel : The proper panel will show the folders and their contents, which include thumbnails of snap shots. A double-click on at the picture will display a larger version and info such as its length, description, tags, and dimensions.

While determining the folder shape of the contents within the DAM is absolutely to the authors’ discretion, maintaining it similar to the website shape in the WCM is recommended. This will provide a visual reference between the relationship of the documents in the DAM and the pages in the WCM. All documents should be uploaded to the DAM earlier than they can be used; the gadget cannot access on line files. Each must be activated (the same manner as activating a content page), in any other case it will no longer seem on the published web page, and it'll most effective be within the authorrsquo;s editing window.

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Question 19. Clustering In Cq5?

Answer :

In computing, a cluster is a set of computer systems linked collectively to paintings, in a few respects, as a single laptop. Every Cq5 CRX instance comes pre-configured to run within a cluster,even if running a unique example. This design characteristic permits the configuration of multi-node clusters with little effort.

Question 20. How Good Is Cq5 When Compared To Other Cms?

Answer :

CQ5 is ideal for big content-pushed sites.

Flexibility:
Even non-technical customers can replace the content.
Duplicating the website can be very smooth to create a cell friendly version.
Excellent at coping with multiple touch-points.
It could be very smooth to set up and scale up or down.
Time management:
Very less quantity of time to increase.
Relies on real open requirements which are not de facto requirements.
Best integration with third celebration structures.
Content reusability.
Adobe CQ5 offers automation, a totally intuitive interface and remarkable performance
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Question 21. What Is Authoring?

Answer :

An author in CQ generates the fabric with a purpose to, at some point, be posted in your website. Depending on how your instance and your personal get admission to rights are configured you may perform many duties, which include amongst others

generate new content, 
Edit present content,
create new pages the use of predefined templates,
pass, replica or delete pages,
Activate (or deactivate) pages,
Participate in workflows that manage how adjustments are managed.
When authoring a cellular page, the page is displayed in a manner that emulates the mobile device, called an emulator. When authoring the page, you could switch among numerous emulators to get a actual view of what the end-person will see when accessing the web page.

Question 22. Slinghttpservletrequest, Explain?

Answer :

“org.Apache.Sling.Api.SlingHttpServletRequest” interface defines the basic records to be had from the customer request to both action processing and response rendering. The SlingHttpServletRequest extends the javax.Servlet.Http.HTTPServletRequest.

Question 23. Slinghttpservletresponse, Explain?

Answer :

“org.Apache.Sling.Api.SlingHttpServletResponse” interface extends the ”javax.Servet.Http.HttpServletResponse” interface and is currently empty.

It simply exists for symmetry with the SlingHttpServletRequest.

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Question 24. Cq Workflow Engine, Explain?

Answer :

CQ encompasses several packages which might be designed to interact and supplement each different. In particular, the Workflow Engine can be used in tight conjunction with numerous of the opposite applications. 

Workflows are at the center of the way shape submissions in CQ WCM are typically processed. When creating a new shape, the shape submission may be effortlessly associated with a workflow version, for instance to store the content material in a specific location of the repository or to inform a consumer about the form submission and its content.

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Question 25. Cq Widgets, Explain?

Answer :

 Are the surprisingly polished person interface elements that paintings throughout all of the most important browsers and permit the advent of computer-grade UI reports. 
These widgets are included within CQ and, similarly to being used by CQ itself, can be utilized by any internet site constructed the use of CQ.
Question 26. What Are The Benefits Of Osgi Application Framework?

Answer :

Aplications are portable, less difficult to re-engineer, and adaptable to converting requirements.
It helps management of utility package deal dependencies and versions, simplifying and standardizing third-birthday party library integration.
The framework provides isolation for organization packages which might be composed of a couple of, versioned bundles with dynamic lifestyles cycles.
OSGi packages can get entry to outside bundle repositories. The framework reinforces service-orientated layout on the module degree.
Question 27. Difference Between Design Dialog And Edit Dialog>?

Answer :

Both conversation and design dialog defines the UI interface for permitting the user to configure the element.
Design Dialog of a element can be visible/edited in layout mode of the page. Design conversation is at template stage so all the page of the template will proportion same layout dialog and it's miles saved below /and many others/designs folder.
Where as Dialog of a factor is at web page stage so each factor example will have its very own conversation and statistics entered in conversation may be saved beneath /content material folder.
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Question 28. What Is The Purpose Of Clientlibs?

Answer :

It is used for adding site unique js and css documents to the page and also thridparty js and css documents.

Question 29. What Is Dependency/dependencies In Client Library?

Answer :

It is a listing of other purchaser library categories on which this library folder relies upon. For example, given  cq:ClientLibraryFolder nodes F and G, if a record in F calls for some other record in G so one can function properly, then as a minimum one of the categories of G ought to be a few of the dependencies of F.

Question 30. Difference Between Package And Bundle?

Answer :

Package: A Package is a zipper document that consists of the content material within the shape of a record-device serialization (called “vault” serialization) that presentations th content material from the repository as an clean-to-use-and-edit representation of files and folders. Packages can consist of content material and assignment-related information.

Bundle: Bundle is a tightly coupled, dynamically loadable series of classes, jars, and configuration documents that explicitly claim their external dependencies (if any).

Question 31. Can You Explain Life Cycle Of Osgi Bundle?

Answer :

Following are the existence cycle states of OSGI:

Installed: The package has been correctly mounted.
Resolved: All Java classes that the package deal desires are to be had. This country indicates that the package deal is either equipped to be began or has stopped.
Starting: The package deal is being started, the BundleActivator.Begin technique may be called, and this technique has not yet again. When the bundle has an activation coverage, the package deal will continue to be in the STARTING kingdom till the bundle is activated according to its activation policy.
Active: The bundle has been efficaciously activated and is going for walks; its Bundle Activator start method has been called and back.
Stopping: The package deal is being stopped. The BundleActivator.Stop approach has been referred to as but the forestall approach has now not yet back.
Uninstalled: The package deal has been uninstalled. It can't move into any other kingdom.
Question 32. What Is Difference Between Parsys And Iparsys?

Answer :

parsys – It is called “Paragraph System” issue in which you could add different components at web page stage.
Iparsys – It is inherited paragraph device, which inherits figure page “paragraph device”.
Question 33. What Is Process Step In Workflow?

Answer :

It is a workflow issue which may be discovered at:

“/libs/cq/workflow/components/version/manner”, this is used for calling a java magnificence in workflow.

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Question 34. Difference Between Cq5.4 And Cq5.5?

Answer :

Versions of CQ earlier than five.Five were primarily based on a servlet container (CQSE, via default, though others will be used) running with a couple of webapps: One for the CRX content repository and one for the OSGi box which itself contained Sling and AEM. The Sling webapp was sure to the basis and treated most of the request processing.

With CQ 5.5 and AEM, the OSGi container is located at the root and the OSGi HTTP service, subsidized by Sling appearing as the only request handling quit factor. The CRX content material repository is now just every other OSGi service, alongside the diverse services that incorporate the relaxation of the AEM unctionality. These modifications do now not affect applications built on pinnacle of AEM or Sling.

The new structure manner that the quickstart jar installation of AEM can not support other net applications jogging alongside AEM. However, the battle model of AEM is designed to be deployed in an utility server, in which extra internet packages may be deployed alongside it.

Added 3 new connectors to key adobe merchandise – Creative Suite, Scene7, Search&Promote Authors can without delay paintings on cell apps. Partnered with hybris software to add a few nice eCommerce abilties. Added Undo(Ctrl+z) and Redo(Ctrl+y) functionalities.

Question 35. Role Of Dispatcher In Cq5?

Answer :

Dispatcher is CQ5 caching and/or load balancing tool. Dispatcher also enables to defend your AEM server from attack. It cache responses from put up example, to growth the responsiveness and safety of your externally going through published internet site

Question 36. What Is Replication? And What Are The Steps Involved In Replication?

Answer :

Steps involved in replication:

The author requests that certain content material be published (activated); this could be initiated via a manual request, or with the aid of automatic triggers that have been preconfigured.
The request is passed to the correct default replication agent; an surroundings will have several default agents so as to constantly be decided on for such moves.
The replication agent “packages” the content material and locations it in the replication queue.
The content material is lifted from the queue and transported to the post surroundings the use of the configured protocol; usually that is HTTP.
A servlet in the publish surroundings gets the request and publishes the acquired content material; the default servlet is http://localhost:4503/bin/acquire.
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Question 37. What Is Difference Between Parbase And Parsys?

Answer :

parbase: The parbase lets in additives to inherit attributes from different additives, just like subclasses in object orientated languages consisting of Java, C++, and so on. For instance, when you open the /libs/foundation/components/textual content node inside the CRX Explorer, you see that it has a property named sling:resourceSuperType, which references the parbase issue. The parbase right here defines tree scripts to render pics, titles, and so forth, so that all components sub classed from this parbase can use this script.

Parasys (Paragraph System): The paragraph device (parsys) is a compound thing that allows authors to add additives of different sorts to a page and contains all other paragraph additives. Each paragraph kind is represented as a component. The paragraph device itself is also a element, which includes the opposite paragraph additives.

Question 38. Explain Multi Site Manager?

Answer :

Multi Site Manager (MSM) allows you to without problems manage multiple web web sites that proportion not unusual content. MSM lets you define relations among the sites in order that content changes in one web site are robotically replicated in different sites.

For example, web web sites are regularly provided in multiple languages for international audiences. When the wide variety of sites inside the same language is low (3 to 5), a manual technique for synchronizing content throughout websites is possible. However, as soon as the variety of web sites grows or when a couple of languages are concerned, it will become extra green to automate the system.

Question 39. How To Customize Page Property Dialog?

Answer :

Step 1 – Copy /libs/basis/components/web page/conversation node to template aspect’s node.
Step 2 – Modify conversation node 
Question 40. What Is Difference Between Live Copy And Language Copy?

Answer :

Live Copy – Copy made out of present web site or blue print is known as Live Copy. Rollout configurations for this Live Copy may be configured from equipment console.

Language Copy – Site that's created the usage of language device is referred to as Language reproduction. Basically to create a domain for distinct language.

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Question 41. Role Of Persistence Manager In Cq5?

Answer :

The persistence manager saves the repository content to a everlasting storage solution, including the record machine or a database. By default, CRX saves repository content material to the Tar patience supervisor. Following DB’s may be used for storing content – DB2, Oracle, SQL Server, MySQL.

Question forty two. Difference Between Osgi Bundle And Normal Jar File?

Answer :

OSGi bundles are jar documents with metadata inside. Much of this metadata is within the jar’s occur, discovered at META-INF/MANIFEST.MF. This metadata, whilst read with the aid of an OSGi runtime field, is what gives the package its strength.
With OSGi, simply due to the fact a category is public doesn’t imply you may get to it. All bundles include an export list of package deal names, and if a package deal isn’t in the export listing, it doesn’t exist to the outside international. This permits builders to build an intensive inner magnificence hierarchy and decrease the surface vicinity of the package’s API without abusing the belief of bundle-personal visibility. A not unusual sample, as an example, is to put interfaces in a single package and implementations in any other, and best export the interface package deal.
All OSGi bundles are given a model variety, so it’s feasible for an software to concurrently get right of entry to distinctive variations of the equal package deal (eg: junit 3.Eight.1 and junit four.0.). Since every package has it’s very own classloader, each bundles classes can coexist within the equal JVM.
OSGi bundles claim which other bundles they rely on. This permits them to make certain that any dependencies are met earlier than the package deal is resolved. Only resolved bundles can be activated. Because bundles have versions, versioning can be included inside the dependency specification, so one package deal can rely upon model junit version 3.Eight.1 and another bundle depend on junit model four.Zero.
In OSGi package deal, there could be an Activator.Java class in OSGi that's an optionally available listener elegance to be notified of package start and forestall activities.
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Question forty three. Can We Restrict For Certain Users Not To Display Some Digital Assets?

Answer :

You can usually restrict who can get entry to positive folders in CQ Digital Assets by making the folder a part of a CUG(closed consumer institution). Steps to make a folder part of a CUG:

In CQ DAM, right-click on the folder you need to feature closed consumer group properties for and pick Properties.
Click the CUG tab.
Select the Enabled check box to make the folder and its property available handiest to a closed consumer institution.
Browse to the login web page, if there may be one, to feature that facts. Add admitted companies via clicking Add item. If vital, upload the world. Click OK to save your modifications.
Question 44. How You Can Inherit Properties Of One Dialog To Another Dialog?

Answer :

For inheriting residences we have to create  additives with particular names within the base issue conversation. For eg. If your plan is to have  wealthy text two rich textual content areas within the conversation of components that inherit from the base, then you definately must consist of two rich textual content areas with precise names in the base component conversation. In any case every enter discipline of a dialog have to have a completely unique call, else they'll factor to the same assets route relative to the jcr:content node of the issue while used on a page.

Question 45. Explain The Role Of Dispatcher In Cq5?

Answer :

In CQ5 Dispatcher enables to cache and load-stability. The principal responsibilities are,

Caching – Cache as lots content as viable[ It helps to reduce the continuous functioning of layout engine frequently for generating content when in dynamic.]
Load-balancing – To increase the performance by using load-balancing.
Question forty six. Explain The Methods Of Caching Adopted By Dispatcher?

Answer :

Dispatcher invalidates the ones pages whose content has been up to date and replaces it with new content.
Auto-Inavidation routinely gets rid of the contents which aren't relevant.
Question 47. State Various Strategies Used By Dispatcher?

Answer :

Cache as a great deal content as possible as static pages.
Accessing format engine as low as feasible.
Question forty eight. How Clustering Is Done In Cq5?

Answer :

CQ5 CRX is pre-loaded to run inside a cluster,even when running a single instance. Hence the configuration of multi-node clusters with little effort takes place in CQ5.

Question forty nine. How Bundles Are Loaded And Installed In Cq5?

Answer :

This is controlled by way of the Sling Management Console of CQ5.

Question 50. Explain Osgi[open Systems Gateway Initiative] In Cq5?

Answer :

Dynamic module device for Java.
Universal Middleware Category.
Helps packages to be made from small, reusable and collaborative additives.
OSGi bundles can include compiled Java code, scripts, or any contents to be loaded inside the repository.
Helps the bundles to be loaded, set up.