Spring Interview Questions and Answers for Experienced
Q1. What is Spring?
Ans: Spring is an open supply framework which reduces the complexity of organization application development. Spring makes Java application easy, improves testability and provide loose coupling among additives.
Q2. What do you recognize by Spring Framework?
Ans: With the 2 middle principles of Aspect-Oriented and Dependency Injection, Spring is one of the maximum famous and broadly used Java EE frameworks. Through dependency injection it could provide tight coupling between various additives. The move-cutting tasks along with authentication and logging can be supplied via Spring framework and the element-oriented programming can be implemented via this as well.
Spring framework is a featured framework that may offer numerous modules and lots of functions for the unique duties which includes Spring JDBC and Spring MVC. Working with Spring is quite clean and a fun interest due to the presence of some of on line communities and resources.
Q3. What are the features of spring?
Ans:
1.Lightweight
2.Inversion of manipulate (IOC)
3. Aspect-orientated (AOP)
4.Container
5.MVC Framework
6.JDBC Exception Handling
7.Transaction Management
Q4. What is JDBC abstraction and DAO module?
Ans: To preserve database code smooth and simple we use JDBC abstraction and DAO module and additionally save you issues that end result from a failure to close database assets. It also uses Spring's AOP module to offer transaction management offerings for objects in a Spring application.
Q5. Why Spring is light-weight?
Ans: The whole Spring framework may be distributed in a single jar file of 2.Five MB about. The Spring framework calls for very little memory for overhead processing (software execution, reminiscence & bandwidth allocation) in comparison to other organisation programs.
Q6. What is dependency injection?
Ans: Dependency injection is a idea that's carried out via the layout styles. It can put off the difficult-coded dependency and may make the application loosely coupled, maintainable and extendable. The dependency decision also can be moved from compile time to run time via these design styles. It presents following blessings:
1.Boilerplate Code Reduction
2.Separation of Concerns
three.Easy Unit Testing
4.ConfigurableComponents
Google Guice also can be used for dependency injection and the methods can be computerized through this. If we need to implement any extra concept along with dependency injection then Spring is the best choice for that.
Q7. How do you offer Configuration metadata to the Spring Container?
Ans: There are 3 critical methods to provide configuration metadata to the Spring Container. They are
XML primarily based configuration file
1.Annotation primarily based Configuration
2.Java-based totally configuration
Q8. Describe some standard Spring Event?
Ans: Spring affords the subsequent wellknown events:
Context Refreshed Event: This occasion is posted whilst the Application Context is either initialized or refreshed. This also can be raised the usage of the refresh () method at the Configurable Application Context interface.
Context Started Event: This event is published whilst the Application Context is started the usage of the begin () method at the Configurable Application Context interface. The consumer can ballot their database or they are able to re/start any stopped utility after receiving this event.
Context Stopped Event: This event is posted while the Application Context is stopped the use of the prevent () approach on the Configurable Application Context interface. The customers can do required housekeep paintings after receiving this occasion.
Context Closed Event: This occasion is published while the Application Context is closed the usage of the near () technique on the Configurable Application Context interface. A closed context reaches its end of existence; it can't be refreshed or restarted.
Request Handled Event: This is an internet-precise event telling all beans that an HTTP request has been serviced.
Q9.What do you believe you studied the biggest advantage of running with Spring is?
Ans: The transaction control interface is constant, which means that that there’s no want to fear approximately scaling. The software works the identical — whether it’s international or neighborhood.
The interviewer is trying to see what you value in a application.
Q10. What is Inversion of control(IoC)/Dependency Injection(DI)?
Ans: Spring affords unfastened coupling via Inversion of control (IoC), also known popularly among developers as Dependency Injection (DI). When we use IoC, field given the dependencies passively to an item instead of an item searching out its dependencies from a field. During instantiation, box gives all of the dependencies related to an item with out looking forward to the object to make a formal request.
Q11. Name a few popular and by and large used Spring Modules.
Some essential and usually used Spring modules are:
Spring Context- Used for Dependency Injection
Spring AOP- Used to implement thing-orientated programming
Spring DAO- Used for database operations with the assist of DAO patterns
Spring JDBC- uSed for DataSource and JDBC guide
Spring ORM- Used for developing net applications
Spring Web Module- Used to create the net packages
Spring MVC- It is also referred to as Model-View-Controller used to create and enforce the net packages
Q12. Define Auto Wiring?
Ans: AutoWiring is used to construct dating between the participating beans. Spring container can robotically solve collaborators for beans. There is @Autowired annotation offers more great-grained control over in which and how autowiring ought to be done. This annotation may be used to autowire bean at the setter approach similar to @Required annotation,constructor,a assets or strategies with arbitrary names and/or more than one arguments.
Q13. What are the forms of Dependency injection Spring helps?
Ans:
Setter Injection
Setter-based DI is realized with the aid of calling setter techniques at the person’s beans after invoking a no-argument constructor or no-argument static factory technique to instantiate their bean.
Constructor Injection
Constructor-based DI is found out by way of invoking a constructor with a number of arguments, each representing a collaborator.
Q14. How do you maintain your technical knowledge?
Ans: Since the field is continuously converting, it is of path critical to preserve up one’s understanding. For this motive, I do a pair of factors. For one, I make sure to take continuing education training. I additionally attempt to study up on books and magazines. Then of route there are meetings — I try and go to at the least one or two a 12 months, when you consider that they may be so instructional.
The interviewer desires to makes sure that you’re inclined to keep your know-how.
Q15. Explain the blessings of Spring?
Ans: With the assist of Spring we can make our utility code less depending on framework.
It promotes pluggability: With Spring you can think about software items as named offerings. Thus you could change one service for any other without affecting the relaxation of the utility.
Provides precise programming practices: Using an IoC field like Spring reduces the complexity of coding to interfaces, as opposed to classes.
Spring packages are easy to test: Application objects will normally be POJOs and POJOs are easy to test.
Reusing present components: Spring does not introduce its own answer in areas which include ORM, logging, connection pool or different machine offerings. But, spring makes positive that those components are extensively easier to use.
Q16. What is Spring Bean?
Ans: Any elegance of Spring framework, that's initialized by means of Spring IoC container is known as Spring Bean. We can get the Spring Bean instance thru Spring Application Context. The life-cycle of Spring Bean can be controlled through Spring IoC box.
HubSpot Video
Q17. What are the blessings of Spring AOP?
Ans: The blessings of Spring AOP are:
It will increase the modularity and the key unit is Aspect
AOP breaks the program logic into awesome elements
It gives the pluggable way to dynamically upload the extra subject earlier than,after or around the actual good judgment.
Q18. What is Spring IOC box?
Ans: The Spring IOC creates the items, cord them collectively, configure them, and manipulate their entire lifecycle from introduction until destruction. The spring box uses dependency injection (DI) to control the additives that make up an software.
Q19. Where do you discover motivation?
Ans: I love my job. That’s all the motivation I want.
The interviewer wants to see which you’re a self-starter.
Q20. What is Aspect Oriented Programming (AOP)?
Ans: Spring gives AOP which allows cohesive utility development because of the clean demarcation of enterprise logic from other crosscutting challenge, along with auditing, logging and transaction control. Due to this clean separation, utility objects perform only commercial enterprise common sense and not worried approximately the system worries along with logging or transaction guide.
Q21. Define Spring Bean Scope
Ans: Following five are the principle scopes of Spring Beans:
Prototype: Whenever a bean is requested a separate prototype is created every time
Request: It is pretty like prototype scope while used for web programs simplest. For every HTTP request a brand new bean instance is created.
Singleton: For each field most effective one example of the bean is created and they act because the default scope for the bean containers. In these times the beans can't have shared instance variables. As these times aren't threaded safe so can lead to information-inconsistency.
Session: For every HTTP consultation a bean is created by way of the containers
Global-session: For Portlet programs the worldwide session is created
The Spring framework is extendable user also can create his own scope as well. While the Spring described scope is also used by the builders. The “scope” attribute of the bean detail is used to define its scope.
The above-indexed ones are generally requested for spring MVC interview questions and solutions. Apart from those there may be different spring MVC interview questions as nicely. You can find other questions to clean the interview.
Q22. What is Autoproxying?
Ans: Autoproxying is used to create proxy mechanically for the spring users. It gives following lessons to aid this automated proxy introduction. There are unique styles of AutoProxying. They are
1.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator
2.DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator
3.MetadataAutoProxying
Q23. What is Context Loader Listeners?
Ans: Context Loader Listener is the listener class used to load root context and define spring bean configurations as a way to be visible to all other contexts. It’s configured in web.Xml report as:
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/spring/root-context.Xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.Springframework.Web.Context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
Q24. Explain the distinction between challenge and crosscutting problem in Spring AOP?
Ans: The subject may be defined as a functionality/function a programmer desires to implement to address a selected business hassle. For instance, In eCommerce packages a challenge may be inventory control, transport control and so on.
Crosscutting concern is a problem than span throughout almost all modules of an software. For instance, logging, protection etc.
Q25. Why is Spring Bean configuration file vital?
Ans: All beans which can be initialized with the aid of Spring Context are defined in Spring Bean configuration file. When an instance of Spring Application Context is created it reads spring bean XML report and initializes all of them. The context is initialized as soon as in the bean life cycle after which it can be used to get specific bean instances all through its lifecycle.
This file now not best carries Spring Bean configuration rather it additionally consists of Spring MVC view resolvers, interceptors and other annotations that may guide different configuration primarily based factors.
Q26. What is DAO in Spring?
Ans: DAO is used to provide integration of java database connectivity and Object relational mapping gadgets. DAO is spring framework provides connection for JDBC,hibernate,JDO,JPA,Common customer interface and Oracle.The database code may be stored smooth and easy through using the DAO module.Also,DAO module utilizes the AOP module to enable items within the Spring software to apply transaction management offerings.
Q27. What is Aspect?
Ans: An factor may be defined as modularization of a crosscutting challenge. For example, a logging module might be known as AOP aspect for logging.
Q28. Explain diverse styles of Spring Bean Auto wiring.
Ans: In Spring framework following four kinds of autowiring is described:
1. Autowire byname
2. Autowire byType
three. Autowire with the aid of constructor
four. Autowire through @Autowired and @Qualifier annotations
Q29. What is Joinpoint?
Ans: The Joinpoint is described because the factor on your utility in which we inject elements. Usually when we write a method for executing a commercial enterprise common sense, factors are plugged in at following Joinpoints.
Before the begin of commercial enterprise common sense method
Once commercial enterprise logic method give up
When commercial enterprise common sense throws exception
Q30. What are the approaches to access Hibernate through the usage of Spring?
Ans: There are two ways to get right of entry to Hibernate with Spring: They are
Inversion of Control with a Hibernate Template and CallbackExtending HibernateDAOSupport and Applying an AOP interceptor node.
Q31. What is Advice?
Ans: It is the actual motion taken up by means of an element at a particular Joinpoint before or after the method execution. It is the real piece of code that get finished by using the Spring AOP framework in the course of the execution of a application.
Q32. Explain Web utility content material?
Ans: The Web Application Context is an extension of the plain Application Context. It has a few greater capabilities which might be vital for internet applications. It differs from a everyday Application Context in phrases of its capability of resolving themes and in figuring out which servlet it is associated with.
Q33. What are the distinctive forms of advices?
Ans: Spring AOP guide following sort of advices
Before advice : Run an advice before a way executes.
After advice: Run recommendation after a technique executes.
After returning recommendation: Run advice on successful execution of a technique.
After throwing advice: Run advice if a technique throws an exception.
Around advice: Run recommendation before the methods and it is able to make a decision on whether the original technique may be known as or now not
Q34. What are the minimal configurations needed to create spring MVC utility?
Ans: For developing a easy Spring MVC utility, we need to do following responsibilities.
1.Add spring-context and spring-internet MVC dependencies inside the venture.
2.Configure Dispatcher Servlet in the web.Xml document to address requests through spring field.
Three.Spring bean configuration record to outline beans, if the usage of annotations then it needs to be configured right here. Also, we want to configure view resolver for view pages.
Four.Controller elegance with request mappings defined to address the patron requests
