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Installation

The PostgreSQL augmentation is empowered of course in the most recent arrivals of PHP 5.3.x. It is conceivable to cripple it by utilizing - without-pgsql at arrange time. Still you can utilize yum order to introduce PHP - PostgreSQL interface − 

yum install php-pgsql

Before you begin utilizing the PHP PostgreSQL interface, discover the pg_hba.conf record in your PostgreSQL establishment catalog and add the accompanying line − 

# IPv4 local connections:
host    all         all         127.0.0.1/32          md5

You can begin/restart the postgres worker, on the off chance that it isn't running, utilizing the accompanying order − 

[root@host]# service postgresql restart
Stopping postgresql service:                               [  OK  ]
Starting postgresql service:                               [  OK  ]

 Windows clients should empower php_pgsql.dll to utilize this expansion. This DLL is incorporated with Windows appropriations in the most recent arrivals of PHP 5.3.x 

For itemized establishment directions, sympathetically check our PHP instructional exercise and its authority site. 

PHP Interface APIs

Coming up next are significant PHP schedules, which can do the trick your prerequisite to work with PostgreSQL information base from your PHP program. On the off chance that you are searching for a more modern application, at that point you can investigate the PHP official documentation. 

S. No.	API & Description
1	
resource pg_connect ( string $connection_string [, int $connect_type ] )

This opens a connection to a PostgreSQL database specified by the connection_string.

If PGSQL_CONNECT_FORCE_NEW is passed as connect_type, then a new connection is created in case of a second call to pg_connect(), even if the connection_string is identical to an existing connection.

2	
bool pg_connection_reset ( resource $connection )

This routine resets the connection. It is useful for error recovery. Returns TRUE on success or FALSE on failure.

3	
int pg_connection_status ( resource $connection )

This routine returns the status of the specified connection. Returns PGSQL_CONNECTION_OK or PGSQL_CONNECTION_BAD.

4	
string pg_dbname ([ resource $connection ] )

This routine returns the name of the database that the given PostgreSQL connection resource.

5	
resource pg_prepare ([ resource $connection ], string $stmtname, string $query )

This submits a request to create a prepared statement with the given parameters and waits for completion.

6	
resource pg_execute ([ resource $connection ], string $stmtname, array $params )

This routine sends a request to execute a prepared statement with given parameters and waits for the result.

7	
resource pg_query ([ resource $connection ], string $query )

This routine executes the query on the specified database connection.

8	
array pg_fetch_row ( resource $result [, int $row ] )

This routine fetches one row of data from the result associated with the specified result resource.

9	
array pg_fetch_all ( resource $result )

This routine returns an array that contains all rows (records) in the result resource.

10	
int pg_affected_rows ( resource $result )

This routine returns the number of rows affected by INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE queries.

11	
int pg_num_rows ( resource $result )

This routine returns the number of rows in a PostgreSQL result resource for example number of rows returned by SELECT statement.

12	
bool pg_close ([ resource $connection ] )

This routine closes the non-persistent connection to a PostgreSQL database associated with the given connection resource.

13	
string pg_last_error ([ resource $connection ] )

This routine returns the last error message for a given connection.

14	
string pg_escape_literal ([ resource $connection ], string $data )

This routine escapes a literal for insertion into a text field.

15	
string pg_escape_string ([ resource $connection ], string $data )

This routine escapes a string for querying the database.

This standard escapes a string for questioning the information base. 

Connecting to Database

The accompanying PHP code tells the best way to associate with a current information base on a neighborhood machine lastly a data set association item will be returned. 

<?php
   $host        = "host = 127.0.0.1";
   $port        = "port = 5432";
   $dbname      = "dbname = testdb";
   $credentials = "user = postgres password=pass123";

   $db = pg_connect( "$host $port $dbname $credentials"  );
   if(!$db) {
      echo "Error : Unable to open database\n";
   } else {
      echo "Opened database successfully\n";
   }
?>

Presently, let us run the above offered program to open our data set testdb: in the event that the data set is effectively opened, at that point it will give the accompanying message − 

Opened database successfully

Create a Table

The accompanying PHP program will be utilized to make a table in a formerly made information base − 

<?php
   $host        = "host = 127.0.0.1";
   $port        = "port = 5432";
   $dbname      = "dbname = testdb";
   $credentials = "user = postgres password=pass123";

   $db = pg_connect( "$host $port $dbname $credentials"  );
   if(!$db) {
      echo "Error : Unable to open database\n";
   } else {
      echo "Opened database successfully\n";
   }
   
   $sql =<<<EOF
      CREATE TABLE COMPANY
      (ID INT PRIMARY KEY     NOT NULL,
      NAME           TEXT    NOT NULL,
      AGE            INT     NOT NULL,
      ADDRESS        CHAR(50),
      SALARY         REAL);
EOF;

   $ret = pg_query($db, $sql);
   if(!$ret) {
      echo pg_last_error($db);
   } else {
      echo "Table created successfully\n";
   }
   pg_close($db);
?>

At the point when the above given program is executed, it will make COMPANY table in your testdb and it will show the accompanying messages − 

Opened database successfully
Table created successfully

INSERT Operation

The accompanying PHP program shows how we can make records in our COMPANY table made in above model − 

<?php
   $host        = "host=127.0.0.1";
   $port        = "port=5432";
   $dbname      = "dbname = testdb";
   $credentials = "user = postgres password=pass123";

   $db = pg_connect( "$host $port $dbname $credentials"  );
   if(!$db) {
      echo "Error : Unable to open database\n";
   } else {
      echo "Opened database successfully\n";
   }

   $sql =<<<EOF
      INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY)
      VALUES (1, 'Paul', 32, 'California', 20000.00 );

      INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY)
      VALUES (2, 'Allen', 25, 'Texas', 15000.00 );

      INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY)
      VALUES (3, 'Teddy', 23, 'Norway', 20000.00 );

      INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY)
      VALUES (4, 'Mark', 25, 'Rich-Mond ', 65000.00 );
EOF;

   $ret = pg_query($db, $sql);
   if(!$ret) {
      echo pg_last_error($db);
   } else {
      echo "Records created successfully\n";
   }
   pg_close($db);
?>

At the point when the above given program is executed, it will make the given records in COMPANY table and will show the accompanying two lines − 

Opened database successfully
Records created successfully

SELECT Operation

The accompanying PHP program shows how we can get and show records from our COMPANY table made in above model − 

<?php
   $host        = "host = 127.0.0.1";
   $port        = "port = 5432";
   $dbname      = "dbname = testdb";
   $credentials = "user = postgres password=pass123";

   $db = pg_connect( "$host $port $dbname $credentials"  );
   if(!$db) {
      echo "Error : Unable to open database\n";
   } else {
      echo "Opened database successfully\n";
   }

   $sql =<<<EOF
      SELECT * from COMPANY;
EOF;

   $ret = pg_query($db, $sql);
   if(!$ret) {
      echo pg_last_error($db);
      exit;
   } 
   while($row = pg_fetch_row($ret)) {
      echo "ID = ". $row[0] . "\n";
      echo "NAME = ". $row[1] ."\n";
      echo "ADDRESS = ". $row[2] ."\n";
      echo "SALARY =  ".$row[4] ."\n\n";
   }
   echo "Operation done successfully\n";
   pg_close($db);
?>

At the point when the above given program is executed, it will create the accompanying outcome. Keep a note that fields are returned in the arrangement they were utilized while making table. 

Opened database successfully
ID = 1
NAME = Paul
ADDRESS = California
SALARY =  20000

ID = 2
NAME = Allen
ADDRESS = Texas
SALARY =  15000

ID = 3
NAME = Teddy
ADDRESS = Norway
SALARY =  20000

ID = 4
NAME = Mark
ADDRESS = Rich-Mond
SALARY =  65000

Operation done successfully

UPDATE Operation

The accompanying PHP code shows how we can utilize the UPDATE explanation to refresh any record and afterward get and show refreshed records from our COMPANY table − 

<?php
   $host        = "host=127.0.0.1";
   $port        = "port=5432";
   $dbname      = "dbname = testdb";
   $credentials = "user = postgres password=pass123";

   $db = pg_connect( "$host $port $dbname $credentials"  );
   if(!$db) {
      echo "Error : Unable to open database\n";
   } else {
      echo "Opened database successfully\n";
   }
   $sql =<<<EOF
      UPDATE COMPANY set SALARY = 25000.00 where ID=1;
EOF;
   $ret = pg_query($db, $sql);
   if(!$ret) {
      echo pg_last_error($db);
      exit;
   } else {
      echo "Record updated successfully\n";
   }
   
   $sql =<<<EOF
      SELECT * from COMPANY;
EOF;

   $ret = pg_query($db, $sql);
   if(!$ret) {
      echo pg_last_error($db);
      exit;
   } 
   while($row = pg_fetch_row($ret)) {
      echo "ID = ". $row[0] . "\n";
      echo "NAME = ". $row[1] ."\n";
      echo "ADDRESS = ". $row[2] ."\n";
      echo "SALARY =  ".$row[4] ."\n\n";
   }
   echo "Operation done successfully\n";
   pg_close($db);
?>

At the point when the above given program is executed, it will create the accompanying outcome − 

Opened database successfully
Record updated successfully
ID = 2
NAME = Allen
ADDRESS = 25
SALARY =  15000

ID = 3
NAME = Teddy
ADDRESS = 23
SALARY =  20000

ID = 4
NAME = Mark
ADDRESS = 25
SALARY =  65000

ID = 1
NAME = Paul
ADDRESS = 32
SALARY =  25000

Operation done successfully

DELETE Operation

The following PHP code shows how we can use the DELETE statement to delete any record and then fetch and display the remaining records from our COMPANY table −

<?php
   $host        = "host = 127.0.0.1";
   $port        = "port = 5432";
   $dbname      = "dbname = testdb";
   $credentials = "user = postgres password=pass123";

   $db = pg_connect( "$host $port $dbname $credentials"  );
   if(!$db) {
      echo "Error : Unable to open database\n";
   } else {
      echo "Opened database successfully\n";
   }
   $sql =<<<EOF
      DELETE from COMPANY where ID=2;
EOF;
   $ret = pg_query($db, $sql);
   if(!$ret) {
      echo pg_last_error($db);
      exit;
   } else {
      echo "Record deleted successfully\n";
   }
   
   $sql =<<<EOF
      SELECT * from COMPANY;
EOF;

   $ret = pg_query($db, $sql);
   if(!$ret) {
      echo pg_last_error($db);
      exit;
   } 
   while($row = pg_fetch_row($ret)) {
      echo "ID = ". $row[0] . "\n";
      echo "NAME = ". $row[1] ."\n";
      echo "ADDRESS = ". $row[2] ."\n";
      echo "SALARY =  ".$row[4] ."\n\n";
   }
   echo "Operation done successfully\n";
   pg_close($db);
?>

When the above given program is executed, it will produce the following result −

Opened database successfully
Record deleted successfully
ID = 3
NAME = Teddy
ADDRESS = 23
SALARY =  20000

ID = 4
NAME = Mark
ADDRESS = 25
SALARY =  65000

ID = 1
NAME = Paul
ADDRESS = 32
SALARY =  25000

Operation done successfully