Top 100+ Logical Volume Manager (linux) Interview Questions And Answers
Question 1. What Is Lvm?
Answer :
LVM stands for Logical Volume Manager. LVM, is a storage management solution that permits administrators to divide hard pressure area into bodily volumes (PV), that could then be combined into quantity groups (VG), which are then divided into logical volumes (LV) on which the filesystem and mount factor are created.
Question 2. What Is The Difference Between Lvm And Raid?
Answer :
A RAID device is a physical grouping of disk devices for you to create a logical presentation of 1 device whereas LVM is a logical layer that that can be manipulated in order to create and, or enlarge a logical presentation of a disk tool to an OS.
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Question three. Explain Lvm Snapshot?
Answer :
LVM snapshots allow the administrator to create a brand new block tool which offers an exact replica of a logical quantity, frozen sooner or later in time.
Question four. How You Will Check On Your Server Or System Device-mapper Is Installed Or Not?
Answer :
Check the subsequent document:
#cat /proc/misc
if this report consists of “device-mapper” time period it way device mapper is installed in your machine.
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Question 5. How Are Snapshots In Lvm2 Different From Lvm1?
Answer :
In LVM2 snapshots are read/write by default, whereas in LVM1, snapshots had been study best.
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Question 6. What Is The Maximum Size Of A Single Lv?
Answer :
For 2.Four primarily based kernels, the maximum LV length is 2TB. For 32-bit CPUs on 2.6 kernels, the maximum LV size is 16TB. For 64-bit CPUs on 2.6 kernels, the maximum LV size is 8EB.
Question 7. If A Volume Group Named As Vgname Already Exists But We Need To Extend This Volume Group Up To 4gb. Explain All Steps?
Answer :
Firstly, create Physical quantity (/dev/sdaX, where X is the partition range) of length 4GB.
Now run following command: # vgextend vgname /dev/sdaX
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Question eight. If A Volume Group Vgname Have 3 Pv’s (/dev/sda5, /dev/sda6, /dev/sda7) But We Want To Remove /dev/sda7 Pv From This Vgname?
Answer :
# vgreduce vgname /dev/sda7
Question 9. Which Command Is Used To Extend A Logical Volume?
Answer :
# lvextend -length +<addsize> /dev/<vgname>/<lvname>
resize2fs /dev/<vgname>/<lvname>
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Question 10. What Is The Partition Type Number For Swap, Raid And Lvm?
Answer :
SWAP (82), RAID (fd) and LVM (8e)
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Question 11. How To Add A Disk To A Volume Group?
Answer :
suppose disk is /dev/sdb
# pvcreate /dev/sdb
# vgextend <vgname> /dev/sdb
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Question 12. How To Remove A Disk From A Volume Group?
Answer :
Syntax:
# vgreduce <vgname> <disk>
Example:
# vgreduce vgname /dev/sdb
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Question thirteen. How To Backup New Lvm Data Structures?
Answer :
# vgcfgbackup /dev/vgname
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Question 14. Is It Possible To Increase The Logical Volume On Fly?
Answer :
Yes. LVM has the characteristic to growth the quantity without unmount it.
Question 15. How To Reduce The Logical Volume? Is It Possible To Reduce On Fly?
Answer :
No. We can not reduce the logical volume on fly. Here is the stairs to reduce the logical volume.
Un-mount the filesystem
Run e2fsck on the extent tool
Reduce the Filesystem using resize2fs
Reduce the logical Volume using lvreduce
Mount the filesystem returned for production.
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Question sixteen. How Do You Scan The New Lun Or Disk?
Answer :
Use "echo 1 > /sys/class/scsi_host/hostx/scan" to test disk from newly related SAN or DISKS and additionally replace the "x" with variety of host id present below /sys/class/scsi_host/.
Question 17. How To Scan Disks For Existing Volume Group?
Answer :
Use "vgscan" to test present volume institution from newly connected SAN or DISKS.
But we must use "pvscan" previous to executing this command.
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Question 18. How To Scan A Logical Volume From Exising Volume Group?
Answer :
lvscan
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Question 19. How To Stop The Logical Volume? Or Deactivate The Logical Volume?
Answer :
"lvchange -an /dev/vg_name/lv_name"
Question 20. How To Activate The Logical Volume Which Is In Deactivated State?
Answer :
"lvchange -ay /dev/vg_name/lv_name".
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Question 21. How To Disable The Volume Group? Or Deactivate The Volume Group?
Answer :
"vgchange -an volume_group_name".
Question 22. How To Enable The Volume Group? Or Activate The Volume Group?
Answer :
"vgchange -ay volume_group_name" .
Question 23. How Do You Find That What Are The Disks Are Used For Logical Volume Mirroring?
Answer :
use "lvs -a -o +devices"
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Question 24. What Are Steps To Perform In Order To Increase The Logical Volume On Fly?
Answer :
Extend the logical extent
Increase the Filesystem size
Verify the repute the use of df command or lvs command.
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Question 25. How To List The Imported Volume Groups?
Answer :
Use "vgs" command to display the imported volume group.
Question 26. How To Create Partition From The Raw Disk ?
Answer :
Using fdisk software we will create partitions from the uncooked disk.Below are the stairs to create partition from the raw dsik :
fdisk /dev/hd* (IDE) or /dev/sd* (SCSI)
Type n to create a new partition
After growing partition , type w command to write down the changes to the partition desk.
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Question 27. What Does Sar Provides And At Which Location Sar Logs Are Stored ?
Answer :
Sar Collect, document, or save gadget pastime statistics. The default version of the sar command (CPU utilization report) might be one of the first facilities the person runs to begin system hobby investigation, as it video display units important machine sources. If CPU utilization is near a hundred percent (consumer + fine + system), the workload sampled is CPUcertain.
By default log documents of Sar command is located at /var/log/sa/sadd document, wherein the dd parameter shows the modern day.
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Question 28. How To Reduce Or Shrink The Size Of Lvm Partition ?
Answer :
Below are the logical Steps to reduce length of LVM partition :
Umount the filesystem using umount command, use resize2fs command ,
e.G resiz2fs /dev/mapper/myvgmylv 10G Now use the lvreduce command ,
e.G lvreduce L 10G /dev/mapper/myvgmylv
Above Command will cut back the scale & will make the filesystem size 10GB.
Question 29. How To Increase The Size Of Lvm Partition ?
Answer :
Below are the Logical Steps :
Use the lvextend command (lvextend L +100M /dev/<Name of the LVM Partition> , in this case we are extending the scale by using 100MB.
resize2fs /dev/<Name of the LVM Partition>
take a look at the scale of partition the usage of ‘df h’ command
Question 30. Why Lvm Is Required?
Answer :
LVM stands for Logical Volume Manager , to resize filesystem's length on line we required LVM partition in Linux. Size of LVM partition may be prolonged and decreased using the lvextend & lvreduce commands respectively.
Question 31. How To Create Partition From The Raw Disk?
Answer :
Using fdisk software we are able to create partitions from the uncooked disk.Below are the steps to create partition from the raw disk :
fdisk /dev/hd* (IDE) or /dev/sd* (SCSI)
Type n to create a brand new partition
After developing partition , kind w command to put in writing the modifications to the partition desk.
Question 32. How To Decommission/get rid of Lvm Completely From The Host?
Answer :
Un-mount all of the logical filesystems
Remove the logical volumes the use of "lvremove" command.
Destroy the extent group using "vgremove" command.
Use "pvremove" command do away with the bodily volumes from the device.
Question 33. If The Vg02 Has Two Physical Volumes Called /dev/sdc/ & /dev/sdd. How Do You Remove /dev/sdd From Vg02?
Answer :
"vgreduce vg02 /dev/sdd/"
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Question 34. Assume Volume Group "vg02" Is Already Exists. How Do You Extend The Volume Group With 50gb? Provide All The Steps With Commands?
Answer :
Get the 50GB lun from garage group.(/dev/sdd)
Create physcical extent ( # pvcreate /dev/sdd )
Extend the extent group (# vgextend vg02 /dev/sdd)
Question 35. How To Extent The Volume Group?
Answer :
Using "vgextend" we will increase the volume institution.
Question 36. What Are The Steps Involved To Create The Logical Volume From Scratch?
Answer :
Create a physical volume using pvcreate command: #pvcreate /dev/sdc
Create a extent group the use of "vgcreate" command: #vgcreate vg02 /dev/sdc
Create a logical quantity using "lvcreate" command: #lvcreate -L 100M -n vol1 vg02
Create a filesystem on logical extent using mkfs command: #mkfs -t ext4 /dev/vg02/vol1
Mount the filesystem the use of mount command to be used: #mount -t ext4 /dev/vg02/vol1 /vol1
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Question 37. How Are Snapshots In Lvm2 Different From Lvm1 In Redhat Linux?
Answer :
LVM1 snapshots are readonly with the aid of default in which LVM2 snapshots were read/write.
Question 38. What Is Lvmdump?
Answer :
"lvmdump" is tool for LVM2 to accumulate the diverse information for diagnostic functions.By default, it creates a tarball appropriate for submission along with a hassle document
Question 39. How To Re-create The Device Files For Lvm Volumes?
Answer :
Run "vgmknodes" to recreate the LVM devices files.
Question forty. How To Take A Lvm Configuration Backup?
Answer :
Use "vgcfgbackup vg_name" to take the modern-day configuration backup of extent organization. The default extent institution backup region is "/etc/lvm/backup" .
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Question 41. How To Rename Volume Group? Can We Rename The Vg On Fly?
Answer :
Yes. Its possible to rename the quantity institution on fly. But the installed volumes will now not mirror the identical until you re-mount the volume with new VG name. Need to replace the /etc/fstab with new VG call to mount the volumes throughout the gadget reboot.
Question forty two. How To See The Detailed Physical Volume Information?
Answer :
Use "pvdisplay /dev/disk_name" Ex: pvdisplay /dev/sde
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Question forty three. How To See The Detailed Logical Volume Information?
Answer :
Use "lvdisplay /dev/vg_name/lv_name"
Question forty four. How To See The Detailed Volume Group Information?
Answer :
Use "vgdisplay vg_name"
Question 45. How To List The Available Physical Volumes In Lvm?
Answer :
Use "pvs" command to list the to be had physical volumes.
Question 46. How To List The Available Logical Volumes On The System?
Answer :
Use "lvs" command to list the available logical volumes on the machine.
