Interview Questions.

Question 1. How Are Biometric Technologies Being Deployed, And How Likely Are They To Be Deployed In The Future?

Answer :

Biometric technology has been deployed for some of reasons, along with physical get admission to manipulate, protection from identity stealing, robust authentication for application get admission to, relaxed check cashing (this generation can compare a user’s face towards a database), voice-activated transactions and get right of entry to to PDAs and other cellular gadgets and platforms. These packages use biometrics to offer uncompromising authentication.

Biometrics will increasingly be deployed to satisfy the requirements of private privateness regulation below GLB in monetary offerings and HIPAA in health care.

Facial popularity viewing structures might be employed to discover criminals and could virtually be deployed as a part of the homeland safety tasks.

Question 2. What Are The Benefits And Successes Of Biometric Technologies?

Answer :

Biometric technology authenticates users based totally on the precise characteristics of an man or woman consumer. These characteristics are not easily stolen, misplaced, forgotten or imitated, making biometrics a higher opportunity than token technologies consisting of smart playing cards and other “tow thing” authentication structures. Biometrics has been a hit as part of both physical and era get entry to answers.

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Question three. What Are The Challenges To The Deployment Of Biometric Technologies?

Answer :

Authentication is one of the three As--authentication, authorization and accountability--for person administration and manipulate. Though authentication is important, fixing the other two are challenges that establishments must address first. It is difficult to administer authorization for get admission to to applications or records in a big corporation with tens of hundreds of users. This will require sizeable expenditure to clear up and could push biometrics to the returned burner inside the close to time period.

One of the knocks against biometrics, mainly voice and face popularity, is that the device has excessive false positives. This manner a certified individual is denied get admission to because the gadget can not manner and healthy to the database even mild deviations in an man or woman’s look.

Smart playing cards and different -component solutions have become the typical form of sturdy authentication structures. Companies have a sizeable funding in this generation, which fits close to 100% of the time (compared to ninety to ninety eight% with biometrics). This makes biometrics a difficult purchase decision. The department of protection simply issued its one-millionth clever card--evidence of how entrenched and a success two-factor authentication is. An employer of that length might be hard-pressed to interchange to a brand new era any time soon.

Question four. What Should Biometric Vendors Do To Accelerate The Deployment Of Biometric Technologies?

Answer :

Biometric vendors have to hold to combine carefully with three As solution providers which includes IBM, RSA, Integrity and CA. Biometric companies need to partner with on line data solutions, including portals, on line exchanges and other intranet infrastructure providers. Targeting financial offerings and health care verticals will result in early wins and long-term habitual revenue.

Targeting universities and health clubs will assist educate and broaden the acceptance of biometric technologies amongst a diverse person base. These structures should be bought at deep reductions so that you can provide the era as an educational and viral advertising activity.

Vendors should additionally consciousness on wi-fi generation companies. They might be integrating voice biometrics into cell telephones to permit sturdy authenticated purchasing.

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Question 5. What Should Enterprises Keep In Mind When Considering Biometric Technologies?

Answer :

Enterprises ought to recollect the hassle they’re trying to clear up and live targeted on it. If strong authentication is the enterprise or safety driving force, then biometrics is a great answer. But different kinds of -aspect authentication need to be taken into consideration. If the trouble is enforcing a company-extensive person permission manage gadget, then biometrics is a great answer for the sturdy authentication part of the hassle.

But authorization and duty ought to be solved; indeed, these  problems must be targeted first earlier than biometrics is undertaken. Enterprises need to additionally don't forget whether their on line systems are biometric-enabled.

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Question 6. What Do I Need To Consider Before Introducing Biometrics?

Answer :

Organisations with a turnover extra than $3 million in step with year (i.E. Some pubs, golf equipment, education institutions, businesses and authorities departments) which are the usage of, or considering, biometrics (i.E. Finger scans, iris scans, voice prints or facial scans), comply with the National Privacy Principles (NPPs) of the Australian National Privacy Act. 

Biometrics is personal data similar to a passport, a driver's licence, identification card or every other identity record. If you replica or scan or gather any sort of non-public statistics out of your customers you want to understand the National Privacy Principles. Remember, if you are amassing any non-public information, you're managing someone’s identity. If it's miles a biometric you're accumulating something very personal certainly.

Question 7. What Is Biometrics?

Answer :

Biometrics covers a selection of technology in which particular identifiable attributes of people are used for identification and authentication. These include (but are not constrained to) someone's fingerprint, iris print, hand, face, voice, gait or signature, which can be used to validate the identity of people searching for to manipulate get entry to to computers, airways, databases and other areas which can also need to be limited.

Biometrics is also a time period utilized in facts specifically in science, remedy and forestry (seek advice from the International Biometric Society), now not related to biometric era. It has been around for longer than biometrics for identity verification or recognition. In the mid to late 90s there was frequently confusion like this inside the media whilst "biometrics" turned into used by the security and the pharmaceutical/scientific global.

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Question 8. Where Are Biometrics Used?

Answer :

Biometrics may be utilized in almost any application that calls for the correct identity of an character. This tiers from computers wherein a fingerprint test at the mouse can confirm the identification of a user to nuclear electricity plant life wherein various biometrics are used to restrict get entry to to the critical structures.

There are many hundreds of biometric deployments around the world too severa to listing right here.

As a member you could also get right of entry to the Biometrics Institute Annual Industry Surveys released in May 2010.

Government use:

Border Control:

Department of Foreign Affairs & Trade Australia - ePassport
The next generation of Australian passport—the 'ePassport'—become delivered on 24 October 2005. The ePassport may be very just like the preceding Australian passport, differing handiest in having an embedded microchip inside the centre page and a gold international ePassport image at the the front cover. The chip embedded inside the centre pages stores your digitized image, name, gender, date of delivery, nationality, passport number, and the passport expiry date. This is the same facts that looks on the published facts page of each passport. Between 300,000 and 350,000 New Zealand and about 1 million Australian passports are issued each year.
Australian Customs Service - Smart Gate.
First fully operational facial recognition answer for border manage in the international. Currently to be had at Brisbane and Cairns International Airports with Sydney and Melbourne airports scheduled next. It is due to be rolled out to all principal Australian global airports by using 2009.
Identity Management:

Immigration Services:

Biometrics are presently getting used in the national identification card schemes of many nations including Australia, Hong Kong and Malaysia.

E-authorities and on line authentication:

Governments are searching at ways to authenticate people whilst coping with government services on-line. New Zealand, Australia and different nations had been undertaking paintings on this region.

Question nine. Where Are Biometric Technologies Currently Deployed?

Answer :

Passports:

Research into using face reputation for inclusion in passports. Includes extensive input into the development of the new worldwide biometric facts standards. Since 26 October 2005 all newly issued New Zealand and Australian passports have a biometric identifier to retain to meet visa waiver requirements for travel to or thru the USA. This is an extension to the original deadline of 26 October 2004. Australia and New Zealand plans to fulfill the 26 October 2005 closing date for buying the microchip into passports as do numerous different countries around the sector. Between 300,000 and 350,000 New Zealand and about 1 million Australian passports are issued every year.

Australian Customs and Border Protection Service - Smart Gate

First fully operational facial reputation answer for border control in the global. Smart Gate is available at Adelaide, Brisbane, Cairns, Melbourne and Auckland International Airports. It could be gradually added into further Australian worldwide airports with Perth and Sydney scheduled subsequent.

Examples:

Biometrics is currently getting used within the country wide identification card schemes of each Hong Kong and Malaysia.
There are many thousands of biometric deployments around the sector too severa to list right here. A list of biometrics initiatives in Australia and New Zealand is to be had to participants of the Biometrics Institute.
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Question 10. Are Biometrics A Threat To Privacy?

Answer :

This is a difficult question and probable the principle barrier to wider use of biometric structures. If a person's biometric data is stolen, then their privateness has actually been breached. However, if sure standards in facts series and safety are met, then biometrics may be a privacy improving device. It is the intention of the Biometrics Institute to see these standards and techniques installed region.

Question eleven. Do Fingerprints And Other Biometrics Change When You Get Older?

Answer :

Once someone stops growing their fingerprints and different biometrics are largely consistent.

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Question 12. Are Biometrics New And Unsafe?

Answer :

One myth is that biometrics is new and unsafe. Biometrics within the current international are as old as the use of a signature, or the attaching of a photo to a report. The safe and secure garage of your biometrics must be no more concerning than providing your billing data to the groups you already accept as true with with your non-public details. Almost all identity robbery nowadays happens from traditional assets (as an instance, stealing or making drivers licenses or passports). In reality, biometrics can act to help protect your identity.

It’ll be loads more difficult in the destiny for an acrimonious dating breakup to bring about a associate creating havoc to your life due to the fact they recognize all your passwords or mystery solutions, and it’ll additionally be loads tougher for criminals to take over your identity. Examples abound of the spoil-down of traditional identity structures based totally on call matching wherein the incorrect people are detained, and sometimes even jailed due to a lack of different methods to set up identity.

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Question 13. Are Biometric Systems Very Costly?

Answer :

On average biometrics nowadays aren't a lot more highly-priced than maximum different relaxed 2d factors. Many biometric systems paintings from tremendously inexpensive sensors including cameras or telephones, or even fingerprint sensors nowadays can be made affordably sufficient that they may be starting to emerge as popular on laptops.

Question 14. Will Biometrics Be A Panacea In Preventing Terrorist Activity?

Answer :

Unfortunately we stay in an unsafe international, wherein there are enthusiasts which might be committed to violently killing themselves and those around them. They are often well resourced, have good planning and intelligence and good sized endurance. To suppose that biometrics will save you those human beings and people at the back of them from perpetrating extra crimes is basically wishful wondering.

It will make the technique slightly greater hard, because the advent of fake identities is more difficult. But the recruiting pool is regrettably deep and the intelligence offerings cannot understand or keep a music of absolutely everyone that poses a risk. Where biometrics can assistance is in fast figuring out individuals after an occasion (that can prevent further assaults) or identifying suspicious behaviour and monitoring this. The next set of Al-Qaida operatives will possibly have quite valid biometrics saved in authorities databases under their own names.

Question 15. Is Template Data Encrypted Data?

Answer :

A template may be concept of as the delicate and processed statistics about the distinguishing characteristics of a selected person. In the case of fingerprints it might be the location and route of the minutiae or for iris the location of the filaments round the attention center. The records in a template ought to be enough for the recognition algorithm to distinguish among one individual and each other man or woman the gadget may ever see (in all likelihood all of us!).

So, while the system does not save all the details of a person (the entire face or fingerprint photograph for instance), it must shop enough statistics so that in case you knew how the popularity algorithm operated you could reconstruct a likeness of that person sufficient in order to idiot that machine. This is one reason why it's far essential that templates are encrypted when they are stored.

Question sixteen. How Can Function Creep (biometric Was Used For A Different Purpose Than What It Was Collected For) Be Prevented?

Answer :

An individual enrolling right into a biometric system have to test if the employer is a Biometrics Institute member and a signatory to the Biometrics Institute Privacy Code.

The Privacy Code requires subscribers to comply with the Code Privacy Principles. Principle 12.Three addresses this issue: "Secondary analysis or function creep of biometric statistics accrued for functions together with authentication or identity isn't always accepted with out specific free and knowledgeable 

Consent. For example biometric records amassed for the functions of authentication and identification shall now not be used to examine that facts looking for genetic patterns or ailment identity with out specific loose and knowledgeable consent."

Question 17. What Needs To Be Considered When You Enroll Your Biometric?

Answer :

Enrolments in biometric systems shall be voluntary, unless required via law. 

Individuals who have enrolled in a biometric device shall be informed of any change within the scope or reason of the machine. 

Individuals who've enrolled in a biometric system shall, in which feasible, and upon request, take delivery of the possibility to have their biometric information eliminated from the machine. 

Auditing of biometric structures via a third birthday party will be carried out. 

Question 18. Is A Photo A Bio-metric?

Answer :

A biometric is A measurable bodily feature or non-public behavioural trait used to understand the identification of an enrollee or affirm a claimed identity.

You could also say:

Bio -> lifestyles -> (residing) individual or group Metric -> degree -> similar for establishing identification of "biometric" refers to a function that satisfies the two.
Face is then a biometric. Scars or tattoos may be if they're able to do the above. The same biometric may be in lots of bureaucracy - photos, digital images.
It also can be converted from raw -> capabilities -> templates.
Provided the picture has been captured in line with ISO 19794-5 then it's miles "a measurable physical characteristic" of a person, ergo it's far.
But if it's far a photograph of a house, a silhouette of someone, a photo of a couple of people - then it might not bypass the ISO 19794-5 assessments, so it would no longer be.
Given that ISO-compliant hardcopy images (and once in a while ones that aren't) can be scanned and uploaded to generate templates that paintings with facial matching structures, you would have to mention in that sense a picture also is a biometric.
By our ISO 19794-five definition, for the photo to be a biometric, there is an motive that the picture is captured for biometric matching purposes and QA checked towards requirements as part of that method, in opposition to a neutral background.   So we might argue that a passport style image of someone taken at random at domestic would now not be a biometric as it turned into not taken for biometric dimension functions.
A biometric is any organic characteristic that may be used for identity - for this reason strictly a photograph qualifies, as does in fact a image or video of any a part of the body. However simply due to the fact an expansion of pics exists of employees for instance (ICAO compliant or now not) this does not suggest there may be the functionality or goal to do anything biometric with the photos. 
In different words they will be called 'latent' biometrics - similar to a latent fingerprint that is left on a surface however that may not be used. Any clear image of a person contains a few biometric statistics - but if there's no intention to transform it to a template or fit it in opposition to a facial gallery then I could say it's miles open to debate as to its reputation as a biometric in the technical or prison feel.
It's the purpose that counts. A driver licence authority that has snap shots stored for the cause of identity (biometric) is probably extraordinary from a human assets use or facebook fashion utility ('latent' biometrics). For example don't forget video libraries and TV stations or newspapers, they is probably considered tremendous biometric repositories if any picture of a human certified as a biometric. Obviously motive can trade - and so what was a 'latent' biometric would possibly come to be an real biometric with a trade of utilization.
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Question 19. What Do I Need To Know About Biometrics In Schools And Biometrics And Children?

Answer :

The Biometrics Institute is selling the responsible use of biometrics and has been doing so because 2002. We have evolved numerous guiding files and labored with other companies addressing this issue.
It is vital that any organisation looking at imposing biometrics first consults with the organization maximum tormented by the implementation. Privacy Impact Assessments are also crucial.
Users should additionally take delivery of the option to choose-out. And in some instances this session might also display that a biometric is not the proper answer.