SAP BI/BW Interview Questions and Answers
Q1. Explain the architecture of SAP BW system and its components
Ans: OLAP Processor
Metadata Repository,
Process fashion designer and different functions.
Business Explorer BEx is reporting and evaluation tool that aid query, evaluation and reporting capabilities in BI. Using BEx, you can analyze historic and modern facts to unique diploma of analysis.
Q2. What is an InfoObject and why it's far utilized in SAP BI?
Ans: Info Objects are called smallest unit in SAP BI and are utilized in Info Providers, DSO’s, Multi companies, and so on. Each Info Provider consists of more than one Info Objects.
InfoObjects are utilized in reviews to investigate the records stored and to provide records to selection makers.
Q3. What are the distinctive categories of InfoObjects in BW system?
Ans: Info Objects may be labeled into below classes −
Characteristics like Customer, Product, and many others.
Units like Quantity offered, currency, and so forth.
Key Figures like Total Revenue, Profit, and so on.
Time characteristics like Year, quarter, and so on.
Q4. What is using Infoarea in SAP BW system?
Ans: Info Area in SAP BI are used to institution comparable kinds of object collectively. Info Area are used to control Info Cubes and Info Objects. Each Info Objects is living in an Info Area and you could define it a folder that is used to keep similar files collectively.
Q5. How do you get admission to to source machine facts in BI with out extraction?
Ans: To get right of entry to records in BI source device at once. You can immediately get admission to to supply machine statistics in BI with out extraction the usage of Virtual Providers. Virtual vendors can be defined as InfoProviders where transactional information isn't always saved in the item. Virtual providers allow best read get admission to on BI information.
Q6. What are differing types on Virtual companies?
Ans: VirtualProviders primarily based on DTP
VirtualProviders with feature modules
VirtualProviders based on BAPI’s
Q7. Which Virtual Providers are used in which situation of information extraction?
VirtualProviders based on DTP −
Ans: This form of Virtual Providers are primarily based on the information source or an Info Provider and that they take traits and key figures of source. Same extractors are used to select data in supply device as you use to duplicate statistics into BI machine.
Q8. When to Virtual Providers based totally on DTP?
Ans: When only some quantity of data is used.
You need to get admission to updated statistics from a SAP supply machine.
Only few users executes queries simultaneously at the database.
Q9. Virtual Provider with Function Module −
Ans: This Virtual Provider is used to show facts from non BI records supply to BI with out copying the information to BI structure. The records can be nearby or far flung. This is used in most cases for SEM software.
Q10. What is the use of Transformation and how the mapping is performed in BW?
Ans: Transformation technique is used to carry out records consolidation, cleansing and statistics integration. When data is loaded from one BI object to other BI item, transformation is implemented at the facts. Transformation is used to convert a subject of supply into the goal object layout.
Transformation guidelines −
Transformation guidelines are used to map supply fields and target fields. Different rule types can be used for transformation.
Q11. How do perform real time records acquisition in BW machine?
Ans: Real time information acquisition is based totally on transferring information to Business Warehouse in real time. Data is sent to delta queue or PSA table in actual time.
Real time statistics acquisition may be finished in situations −
By the use of InfoPackage for actual time facts acquisition the use of Service API.
Using Web Service to load facts to Persistent Storage Area PSA after which with the aid of the use of real time DTP to transport the information to DSO.
Real time Data Acquisition Background Process −
To technique statistics to InfoPackage and data switch system DTP at everyday intervals, you could use a heritage method called Daemon.
Daemon process gets all of the records from InfoPackage and DTP that which facts is to be transferred and which PSA and Data sore items to be loaded with records.
Q12. What is InfoObject catalog?
Ans: InfoObjects are created in Info Object catalog. It is possible that an Info Object may be assigned to one of a kind Info Catalog.
Q13. What is the use DSO in BW machine? What type of facts is saved in DSO’sWhat are the one-of-a-kind components in DSO structure?
Ans: To get right of entry to statistics for reporting and evaluation at once after it's far loaded,
Q14. What all facts resources you have got used to collect information in SAP BW machine?
Ans:
SAP structures (SAP Applications/SAP ECC)
Relational Database (Oracle, SQL Server, and many others.)
Flat File (Excel, Notepad)
Multidimensional Source systems (Universe the use of UDI connector)
Web Services that switch information to BI via push
Q15. When you're the usage of SAP BI7.X, you can load the facts to which issue?
Ans: In BW 3.5, you may load data in Persistence Staging Area and additionally in objectives from source system however If you are using SAP BI 7.0 facts load should be restrained to PSA best for brand new variations.
Q16. What is an InfoPackage?
Ans: An InfoPackage is used to specify how and while to load statistics to BI gadget from extraordinary statistics resources. An InfoPackage incorporates all the information how statistics is loaded from supply device to a facts supply or PSA. InfoPackage includes circumstance for soliciting for statistics from a source machine.
Note that using an InfoPackage in BW three.5, you can load statistics in Persistence Staging Area and also in goals from source gadget but If you're using SAP BI 7.0 data load must be restricted to PSA simplest for modern-day variations.
Q17. What is extended Star schema? Which of the tables are inside and outside cube in an prolonged famous person schema?
Ans: In Extended Star schema, Fact tables are related to Dimension tables and measurement table is connected to SID table and SID desk is attached to grasp statistics tables. In Extended star schema you have Fact and Dimension tables are inside the cube but SID tables are outdoor cube. When you load the transactional information into Info dice, Dim Id’s are generated primarily based on SID’s and these Dim id’s are utilized in reality tables.
Q18. How extended Star schema isn't the same as Star schema?
Ans: In Extended Star schema one reality desk can connect with 16 dimensions tables and every size desk is assigned with 248 most SID tables. SID tables are also referred to as Characteristics and each function may have master data tables like ATTR, Text, and so on.
In Star Schema, Each Dimension is joined to at least one single Fact table. Each Dimension is represented through best one measurement and is not in addition normalized.
Dimension Table includes set of attribute which might be used to analyze the records.
Q19. Which Data save object is used?
Ans: DataStore item for direct replace lets in you to get entry to facts for reporting and analysis right now after it's far loaded. It is different from preferred DSO’s inside the way the way it processed the records. Data is saved in same format wherein it was loaded to DataStore item for direct update via the utility.
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Q20. Explain the shape of direct update DSO’s?
Ans: one table for lively information and no trade log location exists. Data is retrieved from external systems the use of API’s.
Below API’s exists −
RSDRI_ODSO_INSERT: These are used to insert new records.
RSDRI_ODSO_INSERT_RFC: Similar to RSDRI_ODSO_INSERT and can be referred to as up remotely.
RSDRI_ODSO_MODIFY: This is used to insert statistics having new keys.For statistics with keys already within the machine, the data is changed.
RSDRI_ODSO_MODIFY_RFC: Similar to RSDRI_ODSO_MODIFY and may be known as up remotely.
RSDRI_ODSO_UPDATE: This API is used to replace current facts.
RSDRI_ODSO_UPDATE_RFC: This is just like RSDRI_ODSO_UPDATE and may be called up remotely.
RSDRI_ODSO_DELETE_RFC: This API is used to delete the records.
Q21. Can we carry out Delta uploads in direct replace DSO’s?
Ans: As structure of this DSO contains one table for energetic facts and no exchange log so this doesn’t permit delta replace to InfoProviders.
Q22. What is write optimized DSO’s?
Ans: In Write optimized DSO, information this is loaded is to be had right away for the similarly processing.
Q23. Where can we use Write optimized DSO’s?
Ans: Write optimized DSO gives a transient storage location for huge units of facts in case you are executing complicated modifications for this information before it's far written to the DataStore object. The records can then be updated to in addition InfoProviders. You only have to create the complex differences once for all statistics.
Write-optimized DataStore gadgets are used because the EDW layer for saving data. Business rules are only implemented whilst the information is updated to extra InfoProviders.
Q24. Explain the shape of Write optimized DSO’s? How it's far distinctive from Standard DSO’s?
Ans: It most effective carries table of energetic statistics and there is no need to prompt the facts as required with fashionable DSO. This permits you to process the statistics extra quickly.
Q25. To carry out a Join on dataset, what type of InfoProviders ought to be used?
Ans: Infosets are described as special kind of InfoProviders where facts resources incorporates Join rule on DataStore objects, widespread InfoCubes or InfoObject with master facts traits. InfoSets are used to enroll in facts and that records is used in BI device.
Q26. What is a temporal join?
Ans: Temporal Joins: are used to map a time frame. At the time of reporting, other InfoProviders take care of time-established master facts in this sort of way that the record this is legitimate for a pre-described specific key date is used on every occasion. You can outline Temporal be a part of that consists of atleast one time-structured function or a pseudo time-established InfoProvider.
Q27. Where do we use InfoSet in BI machine?
Ans: Infosets are used to research the information in multiple InfoProviders by using combining master records charactertics, DataStore Objects, and InfoCubes.
You can use temporal be a part of with InfoSet to specify a particular factor of time while you want to assess the information.
You can use reporting the usage of Business Explorer BEx on DSO’s without enabling BEx indicator.
Q28. What are the extraordinary sort of InfoSet joins?
Ans:
Inner Join
Left Outer Join
Temporal Join
Self Join
Q29. What is the use of InfoCube in BW machine?
Ans: InfoCube is described as multidimensional dataset that's used for evaluation in a BEx query. An InfoCube includes set of relational tables which are logically joined to enforce star schema. A Fact desk in celebrity schema is joined with more than one dimension tables.
You can upload information from one or extra InfoSource or InfoProviders to an InfoCube. They are available as InfoProviders for evaluation and reporting functions.
Q30. What is the shape of InfoCube?
Ans: An InfoCube is used to shop the data physically. It consists of a number of InfoObjects that are packed with statistics from staging. It has the shape of a star schema.
In SAP BI, an Infocube carries Extended Star Schema as shown above.
An InfoCube includes a fact desk which is surrounded through sixteen measurement tables and grasp data this is lying out of doors the dice.
Q31. What is using real time InfoCube? How do you input facts in real time InfoCubes?
Ans: Real time InfoCubes are used to guide parallel write get admission to. Real time InfoCubes are used in connection with the entry of making plans statistics.
You can enter the data in Real time InfoCubes in different methods −
Transaction for getting into making plans information
BI Staging
Q32. How do you create a actual time InfoCube in administrator workbench?
Ans: A real time InfoCube may be created the usage of Real Time Indicator take a look at field.
Q33. Can you are making an InfoObject as information provider and why?
Ans: Yes, while you want to document on charactertics or master facts, you may make them as InfoProvider.
Q34. Is it possible to transform a trendy InfoCube to real time InfoCube?
Ans: To convert a fashionable InfoCube to actual time InfoCube, you have options −
Convert with loss of Transactional facts
Conversion with Retention of Transaction Data
Q35. Can you convert an InfoPackage organization right into a Process chain?
Ans: Yes, Double Click on the information package grp → Process Chain Maintenance button and sort in the call and outline.
Q36. When you outline aggregates, what are the available alternatives?
Ans:
H Hierarchy
F fixed cost
Blank
Q37. Can you setup InfoObjects as Virtual Providers?
Ans:Yes.
Q38. To carry out a Union operation on InfoProviders, which InfoProvider is makes use of?
Ans: MultiProvider
Q39.Explain the distinctive among Operation Data keep, InfoCube and MultiProvider?
Ans: ODS −
They offer granular facts, lets in overwrite and information is in transparent tables, best for drilldown and RRI.
InfoCube −
This is used for famous person schema, we will only append information, perfect for primary reporting.
MultiProvider −
It contains a physical records and allow to get entry to statistics from one-of-a-kind InfoProviders.
Q40. What do you understand by way of Start and replace recurring?
Ans:
Start Routines − The begin recurring is administered for every Data Package after the facts has been written to the PSA and before the switch rules had been achieved. It permits complex computations for a key parent or a characteristic. It has no go back fee. Its purpose is to execute initial calculations and to shop them in worldwide Data Structures. This shape or table may be accessed within the other exercises. The entire Data Package inside the switch shape format is used as a parameter for the habitual.
Update Routines −
They are defined at the InfoObject stage. It is just like the Start Routine. It is independent of the DataSource. We can use this to outline Global Data and Global Checks.
